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Particle number concentration, size distribution and chemical composition during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1894-1902页

作者： Xuemei Wang jianmin chen Tiantao cheng Renyi Zhang Xinming Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Fudan Tyndall CentreDepartment of Environmental Science & EngineeringFudan University Center for Atmospheric Chemistry and Environment Department of Atmospheric ScienceTexas A&M UniversityTX 77843USA State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

The aerosol number concentration and size distribution as well as size-resolved particle chemical composition were measured during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai in 2009. The number of haze days accounted for 43%, of which 30% was severe （visibility 〈 2 km） and moderate （2 km 〈 visibility 〈 3 km） haze, mainly distributed in winter and spring. The mean particle number concentration was about 17,000/cm3 in haze, more than 2 times that in clean days. The greatest increase of particle number concentration was in 0.5-1μm and 1-10 μm size fractions during haze events, about 17.78 times and 8.78 times those of clean days. The largest increase of particle number concentration was within 50-100 nm and 100-200 nm fractions during photochemical smog episodes, about 5.89 times and 4.29 times those of clean days. The particle volume concentration and surface concentration in haze, photochemical smog and clean days were 102, 49, 15 μm3/cm3 and 949, 649, 206 μm2/cm3, respectively. As haze events got more severe, the number concentration of particles smaller than 50 nm decreased, but the particles of 50-200 nm and 0.5-1μm increased. The diurnal variation of particle number concentration showed a bimodal pattern in haze days. All soluble ions were increased during haze events, of which NH4, SO24- and NO3 increased great/y, followed by Na＋, IC, Ca2＋ and CI-. These ions were very different in size-resolved particles during haze and photochemical smog episodes.

关键词： HazePhotochemical smogParticle number concentrationSize distributionChemical compositionShanghai

Corrosion Resistance of Graphene-Reinforced Waterborne Epoxy Coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第5期32卷 425-431页

作者： Shuan Liu Lin Gu Haichao Zhao jianmin chen Haibin Yu Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies Ningbo Institute of Materials Technologies and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

Graphene （G） was dispersed uniformly in water and used as an inhibitor in waterborne epoxy coatings. The effect of dispersed G on anticorrosion performance of epoxy coatings was evaluated. The composite coatings displayed outstanding barrier properties against H20 molecule compared to the neat epoxy coating. Open circuit potential （OCP）, Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） analysis confirmed that the corrosion rate exhibited by composite coatings with 0.5 wt% G was an order of magnitude lower than that of neat epoxy coating. Salt spray test results revealed superior corrosion resistance offered by the composite coating.

关键词： Waterborne epoxy coating Graphene Corrosion resistance Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)

Observation and analysis of atmospheric volatile organic compounds in a typical petrochemical area in Yangtze River Delta, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 233-248页

作者： Yunchen Zhang Rui Li Hongbo Fu Dong Zhou jianmin chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are a kind of important precursors for ozone photochemical formation. In this study, VOCs were measured from November 5th, 2013 to January 6th, 2014 at the Second Jinshan Industrial Area, Shanghai, China. The results showed that the measured VOCs were dominated by alkanes （41.8%）, followed by aromatics （20.1%）, alkenes （17.9%）, and halo-hydrocarbons （12.5%）. The daily trend of the VOC concentration showed a bimodal feature due to the rush-hour traffic in the morning and at nightfall. Based on the VOC concentration, a receptor model of Positive Matrix Factorization （PMF） coupled with the information related to VOC sources was applied to identify the major VOC emissions. The result showed five major VOC sources： solvent use and industrial processes were responsible for about 30% of the ambient VOCs, followed by rubber chemical industrial emissions （23%）, refinery and petrochemical industrial emissions （21%）, fuel evaporations （13%） and vehicular emissions （13%）. The contribution of generalized industrial emissions was about 74% and significantly higher than that made by vehicle exhaust. Using a propylene-equivalent method, alkenes displayed the highest concentra-tion, followed by aromatics and alkanes. Based on a maximum incremental reactivity （MIR） method, the average hourly ozone formation potential （OFP） of VOCs is 220.49 ppbv. The most significant source for ozone chemical formation was identified to be rubber chemical industrial emissions, following one by vehicular emission. The data shown herein may provide useful information to develop effective VOC pollution control strategies in industrialized area.

关键词： VOCs PMF Emission sources Photochemical reactivity MIR OFP

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA COATINGS PLASMA-SPRAYED AT DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURES

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2011年第5期24卷 461-466页

作者： Yazhe Xing Chaoping Jiang Hong chen jianmin Hao School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang＇an University Xi＇an 710064 China

Alumina coatings are prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying through controlling the substrate temperature during spraying. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings prepared at different substrate temperatures are examined. The hard-ness and the elastic modulus of the coatings are measured by indentation methods. The results show that interlamellar bonding in the coatings is significantly improved with increasing the substrate temperature. Moreover, long through-thickness columnar grains form in the coatings when the substrate temperature reaches above 430℃. As a result, the cross-sectional hardness and the elastic modulus perpendicular to the coating surface increase with increasing the substrate temperature.

关键词： plasma spraying alumina interlamellar bonding elastic modulus

Sources and health risks of PM2.5-bound polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) in a North China rural area

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 240-247页

作者： Hao Sun Hui chen Lan Yao Jiping chen Zhonghong Zhu Yaqi Wei Xiang Ding jianmin chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Environmental Engineering School of Environmental and Geographical ScienceShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming(SIEC) Shanghai 200062China

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) are typical persistent organic pollutants(POPs),which have high toxicity,bioaccumulation and long-distance transfer *** variation,sources of PcBs and OcPs in PM2.5 are rarely explored in polluted rural ***,the sources and health risks of the PcBs and OcPs were evaluated for 48 PM2.5 samples collected in winter 2017 in Wangdu,a heavy polluted rural area in the North China *** average diurnal and nocturnal concentrations of E18 PCBs and∑15OCPs were 1.74-24.37 and 1.77-100.49,11.67-408.81 and 16.89-865.60 pg/m3,***-CBs and penta-CBs accounted for higher proportions(29.0% and 33.6%) of clean and polluted samples,***(HCB) was the dominant contributor to OCPs with an average concentration of 116.17 pg/***(EHCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(EDDTs) were the other two main classes in OCPs with the average concentrations of 4.33 and 15.89 pg/m3,respectively.β-HCH and p,p’-DDE were the main degradation products of HCHs and DDTs,*** principal component analysis and characteristic ratio method indicated both waste incineration and industrial activities were the main sources of PCBs,contributing 76.8% and 12.7%,*** loadings of OCPs were attributed to their application characteristics and the characteristic ratio method reflected a current or past use of *** risk assessment showed that the respiratory exposure quantity of doxin-like PCBs(DL-PCBs) and the lifetime cancer risk from airborne OCPs exposure was negligible,while the other exposure modes may pose a risk to human bodies.

关键词： pesticides lifetime attributed

In-situ formation of layer-like Ag_(2)MoO_(4)induced by high-temperature oxidation and its effect on the self-lubricating properties of NiCoCrAlYTa/Ag/Mo coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第16期75卷 164-173页

作者： Enkang Hao Yulong An Jie chen Xiaoqin Zhao Guoliang Hou jianmin chen Meizhen Gao Fengyuan Yan State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China China Academy of Ordnance Science Ningbo Branch Ningbo 315103China Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE School of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Ag-Mo-O ternary oxide has attracted growing attention because of its potential as a solid lubricant at high *** work designs and prepares NiCoCrAlYTa/Ag/Mo composite coating,performed using high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying *** environment temperature plays an important role in the microstructure and phases as well as lubricant properties of NiCoCrAlYTa/Ag/Mo *** the environment temperature is above 600℃,the outer diffusion and oxidation of Ag and Mo lead to the formation of Ag2 MoO4 on the coating ***-like Ag2 MoO4 could form a continuous lubricant film at 800℃and consequently let the composite coating present the best tribological ***,a small number of hard particles could play a good bearing role during friction and improve the tribological properties of the composite coating.

关键词： Microstructure evolution In-situ formation Ag_(2)MoO_(4) Layer-like structure High-temperature friction

Linker gadolinium as charge channel and singlet oxygen activation site in graphitic carbon nitride for enhancing photocatalytic decomposition of tetracycline

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 827-837,I0001页

作者： jianmin Luo Wenqin Li Xinglei Wang Eric Lichtfouse Donglan Huang Xiaoyuan chen Yi Zhang Lejie Zhu Chuanyi Wang College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining 835000China College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Kashi UniversityKashi844006China CNRS IRDINRAEColl FranceCEREGEAix-Marseille UniversityAix en Provence13100France Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence(GIl) Guangzhou511400China

Reactive oxygen species are essential in photocatalytic water *** this paper,Gd doped carbon nitride(CN)photocatalysts were prepared by simple thermal polymerization for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light *** photodegradation rate of *** is as high as 95%in 18 min,and the photocatalytic performance is much higher than that of *** improvement of photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the fact that Gd ion implantation directly provides active sites for oxygen activation and induces the formation of N *** results of characterizations show that the introduction of Gd in CN can improve the conversion ability of activated oxygen,carrier separation and energy band structure ***,1.0GdCN photocatalyst can be employed for efficient photocatalytic synthesis of ***,three ways of photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline were revealed by high performance liquid chromatographymass *** work provides insights into the doping strategy of CN to improve the production of reactive oxygen species for environmental remediation.

关键词： Photocatalysis Tetracycline Hydrogen peroxide Gd doped CN Singlet oxygen Rare earths

Baosteel emission control significantly benefited air quality in Shanghai

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 127-135页

作者： Ting Han Lan Yao Li Liu Aiyong Xian Hui chen Wenbo Dong jianmin chen Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Baoshan Environmental Protection Bureau Shanghai 201900China Yellow River Shandong Bureau Jinan 250000China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

As the largest iron and steel producer in China, a part of Baosteel moved out of Shanghai deserves close attention due to its environmental impact. To understand the effect of Baosteel emission control on air quality in Shanghai, daily PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO were measured from 2010 to 2016. Concentrations of pollutants in Baoshan District presented a decreased trend during 2010-2016, with a reduction rate of 28.6% for PM10, 67.3% for SO2, 8.6% for NO2 and 42.0% for CO. However, fine particle pollution in Baoshan District during 2012-2016 seems to become more prominent, with PM2.5 concentration of 47 ± 28, 45 ± 33, 38 ± 24, 54 ± 41 and 51 ± 34 μg/m^3, respectively, indicating a slight increase of 8.5% in PM2.5. Concentrations of PM10 and CO decreased by 12.5% and 33.8% in the second half year in 2016 （compared with that in 2015） probably due to closure of blast furnace of Baosteel. Baosteel was identified as the largest pollution source in Baoshan District. Emission from Baosteel accounted for 58.0% of SO2, 43.6% of NO2 and 79.3% of dust in total emission from Baoshan District during 2010-2015. Meanwhile, pollutant emission and coal consumption from Baosteel decreased by 52.0% for SO2, 40.1% for NO2, 15.7% for dust and 22% for coal consumption. Energy consumption in Baoshan District reduced by 31% from 2011 to 2015. Air quality improvement in Shanghai was attributed to local emission reduction, together with regional air quality improvement.

关键词： Baosteel Emission control Air quality Shanghai

TSPO deficiency exacerbates acute lung injury via NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第13期137卷 1592-1602页

作者： Jingyi Han Xue Zhang Menghua Cai Feng Tian Yi Xu Hui chen Wei He jianmin Zhang Hui Tian Department of Thoracic Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandong 250012China CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeState Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing 100005China Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy ChangzhouJiangsu 213000China Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China

Background:Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a common cause of respiratory failure in many critically ill *** inflammasome activation plays an important role in the induction of acute lung injury(ALI)and ARDS,the regulatory mechanism of this process is still *** cells are stimulated by inflammation,the integrity and physiological function of mitochondria play a crucial part in ***,the underlying mechanisms and function of mitochondrial proteins in the process of pyroptosis are largely not yet ***,we identified the 18-kDa translocator protein(TSPO),a mitochondrial outer membrane protein,as an important mediator regulating nucleotide-binding domain,leucine-rich repeat,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation in macrophages during ***:TSPO gene knockout(KO)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced ALI/ARDS mouse models were employed to investigate the biological role of TSPO in the pathogenesis of *** macrophages were used to further characterize the effect of TSPO on the NLRP3 inflammasome *** of NLRP3 inflammasome was preformed through LPS+adenosine triphosphate(ATP)co-stimulation,followed by detection of mitochondrial membrane potential,reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,and cell death to evaluate the potential biological function of *** between two groups were performed with a two-sided unpaired ***:TSPO-KO mice exhibited more severe pulmonary inflammation in response to LPS-induced *** deficiency resulted in enhanced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway,promoting more proinflammatory cytokine production of macrophages in LPS-injured lung tissue,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-18,and macrophage inflammatory protein(MIP)-*** in TSPO-KO macrophages tended to depolarize in response to cellular *** increased production of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular pattern led to enhanced mitochondrial membr

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Acute lung injury 18-kDa translocator protein Macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome Inflammation