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Pre-intercalation: A valuable approach for the improvement of post-lithium battery materials

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eScience 2024年第2期4卷 28-42页

作者： charlie A.F.Nason Yang Xu Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK

With the growing concern around the sustainability and supply of lithium,the need for alternative rechargeable energy storage technologies has become ever more ***-,potassium-,magnesium-,and zinc-ion batteries are fast becoming viable alternatives but are held back by capacity,rate and stability problems that have not developed comparably to lithium-ion *** overcome these shortcomings and reduce the reliance on lithium,electrode materials used for these post-lithium batteries must be ***-intercalation of foreign species into the lattice of promising electrode materials can enhance their electrochemical performance in comparison to the un-pre-intercalated counterparts,closing the performance gap with lithium-ion *** review article covers the common methods of pre-intercalating foreign species into electrode materials,the resulting structural effects and the improvements that are observed in the materials'electrochemical performance for post-lithium *** and impactful work reported previously are summarised as examples of these improvements,demonstrating the value and ever-growing importance of pre-intercalation in today's battery landscape.

关键词： Intercalation Post-lithium Batteries Energy storage Electrode materials Ion diffusion Active sites

Layered Potassium Titanium Niobate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as a Potassium‑Ion Battery Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 1-16页

作者： charlie A.F.Nason Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja Yi Lu Runzhe Wei Yupei Han Yang Xu Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUK

With graphite currently leading as the most viable anode for potassium-ion batteries(KIBs),other materials have been left relatively *** metal oxides are among these,with many positive attributes such as synthetic maturity,longterm cycling stability and fast redox ***,to address this research deficiency we report herein a layered potassium titanium niobate KTiNbO5(KTNO)and its rGO nanocomposite(KTNO/rGO)synthesised via solvothermal methods as a high-performance anode for *** effective distribution across the electrically conductive rGO,the electrochemical performance of the KTNO nanoparticles was *** potassium storage performance of the KTNO/rGO was demonstrated by its first charge capacity of 128.1 mAh g^(−1) and reversible capacity of 97.5 mAh g^(−1) after 500 cycles at 20 mA g^(−1),retaining 76.1%of the initial capacity,with an exceptional rate performance of 54.2 mAh g^(−1)at 1 A g^(−1).Furthermore,to investigate the attributes of KTNO in-situ XRD was performed,indicating a low-strain ***-situ X-ray photoelectron spectra further investigated the mechanism of charge storage,with the titanium showing greater redox reversibility than the *** work suggests this lowstrain nature is a highly advantageous property and well worth regarding KTNO as a promising anode for future high-performance KIBs.

关键词： Potassium-ion batteries Intercalation Transition metal oxides Anodes Nanocomposite

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Efficiency of a Modular Cleanroom for Space Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 547-562页

作者： Matthew R.Coburn charlie Young Chris Smith Graham Schultz Miguel Robayo Zheng-Tong Xie Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Plastron UK Ltd. Westcott Venture ParkWestcottHP180XBUK Renewable Energy Group University of ExeterExeterTR109FEUK

A prototype cleanroom for hazardous testing and handling of satellites prior to launcher encapsulation,satisfying the ISO8 standard has been designed and analyzed in terms of *** Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)models have been used to study the related flow field and particulate matter(PM)*** outcomes of the URANS models have been validated through comparison with equivalent large-eddy *** attention has been paid to the location and shape of the air intakes and their orientation in space,in order to balance the PM convection and diffusion inside the *** a cyclone-type flow pattern inside the cleanroom is a key to maintaining a high ventilation efficiency.

关键词： Diffuser LES PM RANS unsteady flow exponential decay

Achieving High Strength and Tensile Ductility in Pure Nickel by Cryorolling with Subsequent Low-Temperature Short-Time Annealing

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 190-203页

作者： Zhide Li Hao Gu Kaiguang Luo charlie Kong Hailiang Yu Light Alloys Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Electron Microscope Unit University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Ultra fine-grained pure metals and their alloys have high strength and low *** this study,cryorolling under different strains followed by low-temperature short-time annealing was used to fabricate pure nickel sheets combining high strength with good *** results show that,for different cryorolling strains,the uniform elongation was greatly increased without sacrificing the strength after annealing.A yield strength of 607 MPa and a uniform elongation of 11.7%were obtained after annealing at a small cryorolling strain(ε=0.22),while annealing at a large cryorolling strain(ε=1.6)resulted in a yield strength of 990 MPa and a uniform elongation of 6.4%.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)were used to characterize the microstructure of the specimens and showed that the high strength could be attributed to strain hardening during cryorolling,with an additional contribution from grain refinement and the formation of dislocation *** high ductility could be attributed to annealing twins and micro-shear bands during stretching,which improved the strain hardening *** results show that the synergistic effect of strength and ductility can be regulated through low-temperature short-time annealing with different cryorolling strains,which provides a new reference for the design of future thermo-mechanical processes.

关键词： Cryorolling Annealing Nickel Strain hardening Ductility

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Enhanced homing of mesenchymal stem cells for in situ niche remodeling and bone regeneration

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7449-7460页

作者： Yin Yuan Lijun Chen Jing Yang Sining Zhou Yangxin Fang Qi Zhang Ning Zhang Yifei Li Li Yuan Fan Jia Shuo Ni charlie Xiang State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Biology The David H.Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MITMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Research Units of Infectious disease and Microecology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesHangzhou 310003China Innovative Precision Medicine(IPM)Group Hangzhou 311215China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMA 02215USADepartment of ImmunologyHarvard Medical SchoolBoston MA 02115USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation is a promising strategy for osteoporosis ***,limited sources and poor tissue-homing efficiency limit their clinical *** this study,we isolated a kind of MSCs from women’s menstrual blood(MenSCs)noninvasively and established a novel MSCs bone marrow-targeted delivery system by utilizing waterin-oil-in-water droplet *** were encapsulated withinβ-cyclodextrin-functionalized alginate microcapsules loaded with zoledronates,which has a high affinity for *** this delivery system,MenSCs could be preferentially delivered to the bone marrow tissues via intravenous infusion,and restored bone mass by remodeling the bone marrow niche in situ in ovariectomized mouse ***,scRNA-seq analysis demonstrated that those MenSCs homed to the bone marrow recruited CD4^(+)FOXP3^(+)natural regulatory T(nT_(reg))cells by secreting *** recruited nTreg promoted CD8^(+)T cells to secret Wnt family member 10B(WNT10B),activating the Wnt signaling in osteoblasts and thus promoting bone formation in situ in the bone *** study reveals a promising application of MenSCs in postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment and highlights the clinical value of MenSCs by encouraging women to reserve autologous MenSCs before menopause to prevent and alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis.

关键词： mesenchymal stem cells microfluidics bone marrow homing stem cell niche postmenopausal osteoporosis

Metal to insulator transition for conducting polymers in plasmonic nanogaps

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 23-32页

作者： Yuling Xiong Rohit Chikkaraddy charlie Readman Shu Hu Kunli Xiong Jialong Peng Qianqi Lin Jeremy J.Baumberg NanoPhotonics Centre Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB30HEUK School of Physics&Astronomy University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group Department of Molecules and MaterialsMESA+Institute for NanotechnologyMolecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano SystemsFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands

Conjugated polymers are promising material candidates for many future applications in flexible displays, organic circuits, and sensors. Their performance is strongly affected by their structural conformation including both electrical and optical anisotropy. Particularly for thin layers or close to crucial interfaces, there are few methods to track their organization and functional behaviors. Here we present a platform based on plasmonic nanogaps that can assess the chemical structure and orientation of conjugated polymers down to sub-10 nm thickness using light. We focus on a representative conjugated polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), of varying thickness (2-20 nm) while it undergoes redox in situ. This allows dynamic switching of the plasmonic gap spacer through a metal-insulator transition. Both dark-field (DF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra track the optical anisotropy and orientation of polymer chains close to a metallic interface. Moreover, we demonstrate how this influences both optical and redox switching for nanothick PEDOT devices.

关键词： transition insulator conjugated

Cooling High Power Dissipating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chips Using Refrigerant

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2024年第2期13卷 35-49页

作者： Waheeb Mukatash Hussameddine Kabbani Jochem Marc Massalt Matthew Moscoso Merari Mejia Robles Tyler Yang charlie Nino Department of Mechanical Engineering San Jose State University San Jose USA

High power dissipating artificial intelligence (AI) chips require significant cooling to operate at maximum performance. Current trends regarding the integration of AI, as well as the power/cooling demands of high-performing server systems pose an immense thermal challenge for cooling. The use of refrigerants as a direct-to-chip cooling method is investigated as a potential cooling solution for cooling AI chips. Using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS), the coolant temperature will be sub-ambient thereby increasing the total cooling capacity. Coupled with the implementation of a direct-to-chip boiler, using refrigerants to cool AI server systems can materialize as a potential solution for current AI server cooling demands. In this study, a comparison of 8 different refrigerants: R-134a, R-153a, R-717, R-508B, R-22, R-12, R-410a, and R-1234yf is analyzed for optimal performance. A control theoretical VCRS model is created to assess variable refrigerants under the same operational conditions. From this model, the coefficient of performance (COP), required mass flow rate of refrigerant, work required by the compressor, and overall heat transfer coefficient is determined for all 8 refrigerants. Lastly, a comprehensive analysis is provided to determine the most optimal refrigerants for cooling applications. R-717, commonly known as Ammonia, was found to have the highest COP value thus proving to be the optimal refrigerant for cooling AI chips and high-performing server applications.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Thermal Control Server Systems Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle Server Cooling

深冷轧制与时效处理提升2195铝锂合金腐蚀性能机理(英文)

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者：肖岳王文帅 Waqas Farid 张立华 charlie KONG 喻海良中南大学极端服役性能精准制造全国重点实验室 Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre， University of New South Wales 中南大学轻合金研究所

通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜、晶间腐蚀实验和电化学实验等研究了深冷轧制、室温轧制及其后续人工时效对2195铝锂合金腐蚀性能的影响。在时效处理的不同阶段，深冷轧制和室温轧制2195铝锂合金均呈现“点蚀-晶间腐蚀... 详细信息

通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜、晶间腐蚀实验和电化学实验等研究了深冷轧制、室温轧制及其后续人工时效对2195铝锂合金腐蚀性能的影响。在时效处理的不同阶段，深冷轧制和室温轧制2195铝锂合金均呈现“点蚀-晶间腐蚀-点蚀”的腐蚀模式，二者的腐蚀速率均呈现先增大后逐渐稳定的趋势。T1相的尺寸与密度对合金的腐蚀性能产生了重要影响，在峰时效与过时效阶段，更细小的T1相使得深冷轧制样品的耐腐蚀性能更优。

关键词： 2195铝锂合金深冷轧制时效处理腐蚀性能

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现在是投资比特币的好时机吗?

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第4期 27-28页

作者： charlie Wells 孟洁冰(译) 不详

●最近的加密货币反弹行情让理财顾问对比特币有了新的看法无论你是喜欢、讨厌还是长期持有它,不可否认的是,比特币又回来了。在经历了一系列丑闻、破产和价格下跌近77%的“加密货币寒冬”之后,3月11日,比特币首次突破72000美元大关,这... 详细信息

●最近的加密货币反弹行情让理财顾问对比特币有了新的看法无论你是喜欢、讨厌还是长期持有它,不可否认的是,比特币又回来了。在经历了一系列丑闻、破产和价格下跌近77%的“加密货币寒冬”之后,3月11日,比特币首次突破72000美元大关,这一升提振了其他加密货币的行情,以太币甚至狗狗币的价值也随之上涨。

关键词：比特币价格下跌理财顾问加密货币狗狗币行情