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Preparation and characterisation of solid dispersions of tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and total tanshinones

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第1期12卷 85-97页

作者： Xifeng Zhai chunguang li George Binh lenon charlie c.l.xue Weize li Traditional&complementary Medicine Program School of Health SciencesRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’anChina center for complementary Medicine Research National Institute of Complementary MedicineUniversity of Western SydneyCampbelltown CampusPenrithNew SouthWalesAustralia

Total tanshinones are lipophilic active constituents extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza *** ⅡA and cryptotanshinone are the major components in total ***, the bioavailability of both compounds is low due to poor water solubility. To enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and total tanshinones,three common used hydrophilic carriers including PEG 6000, poloxamer 188 and PVP K30 were used to prepare the solid dispersions at different ratios, respectively. The solid dispersions were characterised by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSc) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The results of powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the microcrystal state of total tanshinones in solid dispersions and no chemical interaction between total tanshinones and carriers was observed in FTIR spectra. The solubility and dissolution rate of tanshinone ⅡA and cryptotanshinone were significantly increased in all solid dispersions. Regarding tanshinone ⅡA, the solubility and dissolution rate of in solid dispersions prepared with poloxamer 188 were significantly higher than that with PEG 6000 and PVP K30. The higher solubility and dissolution rate of cryptotanshinone were obtained in solid dispersion of PVP K30 than that of PEG 6000 solid dispersions but no significant difference from poloxamer 188 solid dispersions. The results indicate that the superior carrier for preparation of tanshinone ⅡA and total tanshinones solid dispersions is poloxamer 188, and that for cryptotanshinone is PVP K30.

关键词： cryptotanshinone Tanshinone ⅡA Total tanshinones Solid dispersion Dissolution rate

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Oral Herbal Medicines for Psoriasis:A Review of clinical Studies

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chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第3期18卷 172-178页

作者： Brian H.May Anthony l.ZHANG 卢传坚 charlie c.l.xue Traditional & complementary Medicine Research Program Health Innovations Research Institute WHO collaborating centre for Traditional Medicine School of Health Sciences RMIT University Guangdong Provincial Academy of chinese Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of chinese Medicine

Various forms of complementary and alternative medicine are used in *** these,herbal medicines are frequently used as systemic and/or topical interventions either as a replacement for or in conjunction with conventional *** benefit of such use is *** review is to provide an up-to-date review and discussion of the clinical evidence for the main kinds of herbal therapies for *** of the biomedical databases PubMed（including MEDlINE）, EMBASE and cINAHl were conducted in December 2011 which identified 32 clinical studies,all published in *** of these primarily tested topical herbal medicines and were thus *** 12 studies that evaluated systemic use of herbal medicines were included in the *** were case series studies and the other 8 were controlled *** terms of interventions,4 studies tested the systemic use of plant oils combined with marine oils and 8 studies tested multi-ingredient herbal *** clinical evidence for plant and animal derived fatty acids is inconclusive and any benefit appears to be *** the multi-herb formulations,benefits of oral herbal medicines were shown in several studies,however,a number of these studies are not controlled trials,a diversity of interventions are tested and there are methodological issues in the controlled *** conclusion,there is promising evidence in a number of the studies of multi-herb ***,well-designed,adequately powered studies with proper control interventions are needed to further determine the benefits of these *** addition,syndrome differentiation should be incorporated into trial design to ensure effective translation of findings from these studies into chinese medicine clinical practice.

关键词： psoriasis herbal medicine complementary medicine traditional medicine clinical study review

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FOlFOX 4 combined with Herbal Medicine for Advanced colorectal cancer:A Systematic Review

FOLFOX 4 Combined with Herbal Medicine for Advanced Colorect...

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第十四届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Menghua chen Brian H.May Iris W.Zhou charlie c.l.xue Anthony l Zhang RMIT University VIC Guangdong Provincial Academy of chinese Medical Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Hospital of chinese Medicine

＜正＞This systematic review evaluates the clinical evidence for the addition of herbal medicines（HMs）to FOlFOX 4 for advanced colorectal cancer（AcRc）in terms of tumor response rate（tRR）,survival,quality of life and reduction in adverse events（AEs）.Seven electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials（RcTs）of FOlFOX4 combined with

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Metal to insulator transition for conducting polymers in plasmonic nanogaps

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 23-32页

作者： Yuling Xiong Rohit chikkaraddy charlie Readman Shu Hu Kunli Xiong Jialong Peng Qianqi lin Jeremy J.Baumberg NanoPhotonics centre Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB30HEUK School of Physics&Astronomy University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK college of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group Department of Molecules and MaterialsMESA+Institute for NanotechnologyMolecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano SystemsFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands

conjugated polymers are promising material candidates for many future applications in flexible displays, organic circuits, and sensors. Their performance is strongly affected by their structural conformation including both electrical and optical anisotropy. Particularly for thin layers or close to crucial interfaces, there are few methods to track their organization and functional behaviors. Here we present a platform based on plasmonic nanogaps that can assess the chemical structure and orientation of conjugated polymers down to sub-10 nm thickness using light. We focus on a representative conjugated polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), of varying thickness (2-20 nm) while it undergoes redox in situ. This allows dynamic switching of the plasmonic gap spacer through a metal-insulator transition. Both dark-field (DF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra track the optical anisotropy and orientation of polymer chains close to a metallic interface. Moreover, we demonstrate how this influences both optical and redox switching for nanothick PEDOT devices.

关键词： transition insulator conjugated

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Plausible cloth animation using dynamic bending model

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第7期18卷 879-885页

作者： charlie c.l. Wang Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong china

Simulating the mechanical behavior of a cloth is a very challenging and important problem in computer animation. The models of bending in most existing cloth simulation approaches are taking the assumption that the cloth is little deformed from a plate shape. Therefore, based on the thin-plate theory, these bending models do not consider the condition that the current shape of the cloth under large deformations cannot be regarded as the approximation to that before deformation, which leads to an unreal static bending. [This paper introduces a dynamic bending model which is appropriate to describe large out-plane deformations such as cloth buckling and bending, and develops a compact implementation of the new model on spring-mass systems. Experimental results show that wrinkles and folds generated using this technique in cloth simulation, can appear and vanish in a more natural way than other approaches.]

关键词： cloth animation Physically based animation Bending

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Shennan Road and the modernization of Shenzhen architecture

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第2期9卷 437-449页

作者： cong Sun charlie Q.l.xue Department of Architecture and civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Shenzhen exemplifies the rapid development of urban planning and construction in *** the last 40 years,many representative urban spaces and buildings have been built on Shennan Road,the city’s main eastewest thoroughfare,which has witnessed the formation of a multicenter structural layout and the miraculous expansion of the *** iconic buildings were designed by Hong Kong or foreign *** continuous development along Shennan Road not only symbolizes the fruits of the reform and opening up policies of Shenzhen and even china,but also reflects the modern architectural history in *** study uses historical research methods to review the changes in the urban fabric and the design trends,as seen in representative buildings along Shennan Road in different *** addition to the transition path of the city center,the unique role of streets and buildings in the development of the urban structure is analyzed,and other urban functions and symbolic meanings are *** work contributes to the history and theory of the modernization of contemporary chinese architecture.

关键词： Shenzhen architecture Shennan road contemporary chinese architecture Foreign design Rapid urbanization

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Evidence-based clinical chinese Medicine:What Has changed Over the Past 20 Years

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广州中医药大学学报 2024年第10期41卷 2555-2567页

作者： charlie changli xue Anthony lin Zhang Brian H May louise Pobjoy Iris Wenyu Zhou RMIT University MelbourneAustralia

chinese medicine has been used for centuries to treat a range of health *** history has produced a wealth of classical literature,case studies and clinical research data detailing its use and ***,high-quality and conclusive evidence that meets modern requirements for clinical decision support is *** evidence gap limits the integration of chinese medicine with contemporary medicine,which in turn limits global access and acceptance of chinese medicine as a form of safe and effective health *** the past 20 years,researchers and organisations around the world,including the World Health Organization(WHO)and United Nations,have worked to support the integration of traditional medicines,such as chinese medicine,with conventional medicines to improve global health *** paper provides an overview of chinese medicine studies published in the top four general medical journals(BMJ,JAMA,lancet and New England Journal of Medicine)from February 2005 to February 2024 in the past 20 years to highlight the progress in the development of this evidence *** also highlights key actions taken to promote evidence-based clinical chinese medicine,including product and practitioner regulation,formalising education standards,and international *** conducted at the china-Australia International Research centre for chinese Medicine demonstrates the benefits of such a *** development of its unique and inclusive‘whole-evidence’approach,plus clinical studies and systematic reviews,the centre has significantly contributed to the evidence base for clinical chinese *** addition,its high-impact papers and groundbreaking monographs have been cited in international conventional medicine *** progress has certainly been made during the past 20 years to build a stronger evidence base for clinical chinese medicine,there is still a considerable gap that limits its integration with conventional medic

关键词： evidence-based medicine traditional chinese medicine whole-evidence approach integrated traditional chinese and western medicine integrative medicine china-Australia International Research centre for chinese Medicine

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Performing arts buildings in Taiyuan:cultural history buildings in a second-tier chinese city

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第2期8卷 215-228页

作者： Yingbo Xiao Yan Wan charlie Q.l.xue Department of Architecture and civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

In the twenty-first century,chinese cities tend to rely on cultural megastructures to define their new districts and reflect their aspirations.A grand theater,which is a complicated building type in terms of technology and has a striking image,is a central attraction and the focus of a new *** paper focuses on Taiyuan city,a second-tier chinese city with a brilliant history that has been gradually reduced to *** paper aims to reveal the relationship among productivity,urban development,and theater construction in different historic periods;highlights the initiation,design,and implication of the latest grand theater designed by a French firm;and investigates the city and its performing arts spaces,stakeholders,and various forces that make the theater and its urban *** affective forces may be typical in central china,which is a generally backward area compared with the entire *** paper presents proper descriptors for performing arts buildings in Taiyuan for three generations,and the lessons from Taiyuan can provide references for other cities that face similar problems and challenges.

关键词： The Shanxi grand theatre Performing art space Importation of design International architecture

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Importance of Air-Sea coupling in Simulating Tropical cyclone Intensity at landfall

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1777-1786页

作者： charlie c.F.lOK Johnny c.l.cHAN Ralf TOUMI School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Physics Imperial CollegeLondon SW72AZUK

An atmosphere-only model system for making seasonal prediction and projecting future intensities of landfalling tropical cyclones(Tcs)along the South china coast is upgraded by including ocean and wave models.A total of 642 Tcs have been re-simulated using the new system to produce a climatology of Tc intensity in the South china *** comparisons of the simulations from the atmosphere-only and the fully coupled systems reveal that the inclusion of the additional ocean and wave models enable differential sea surface temperature responses to various Tc characteristics such as translational speed and *** particular,interaction with the ocean does not necessarily imply a weakening of the Tc,with the coastal bathymetry possibly playing a role in causing a near-shore intensification of the *** results suggest that to simulate the evolution of Tc structure more accurately,it is essential to use an air-sea coupled model instead of an atmosphere-only model.

关键词： tropical cyclone intensity tropical cyclone landfall seasonal prediction air-sea coupling

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Principles of rockbolting design

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 14-32页

作者： charlie c. li Department of Geoscience and Petroleum The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway

This article introduces the principles of underground rockbolting *** items discussed include underground loading conditions,natural pressure zone around an underground opening,design methodologies,selection of rockbolt types,determination of bolt length and spacing,factor of safety,and compatibility between support *** types of rockbolting used in engineering practise are also *** traditional principle of selecting strong rockbolts is valid only in conditions of low in situ stresses in the rock ***-absorbing rockbolts are preferred in the case of high in situ stresses.A natural pressure arch is formed in the rock at a certain distance behind the tunnel *** should be long enough to reach the natural pressure arch when the failure zone is *** bolt length should be at least 1 m beyond the failure *** the case of a vast failure zone,tightly spaced short rockbolts are installed to establish an artificial pressure arch within the failure zone and long cables are anchored on the natural pressure *** this case,the rockbolts are usually less than 3 m long in mine drifts,but can be up to 7 m in large-scale rock *** spacing is more important than bolt length in the case of establishing an artificial pressure *** addition to the factor of safety,the maximum allowable displacement in the tunnel and the ultimate displacement capacity of rockbolts must be also taken into account in the ***,rockbolts should be compatible with other support elements in the same support system in terms of displacement and energy absorption capacities.

关键词： Rockbolting design Pressure arch Bolt length Bolt spacing Factor of safety

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