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Habitat protection for sensitive species: Balancing species requirements and human constraints using bioindicators as examples

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Natural Science 2013年第5期5卷 50-62页

作者： Joanna Burger Michael Gochfeld charles W. Powers Lawrence Niles Robert Zappalorti Jeremy Feinberg james Clarke Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey Greenwich NJ USA Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Division of Life Sciences Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA Division of Life Sciences Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Environmental and Occupational Medicine UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Piscataway NJ USA Herpetological Associates Inc. Jackson NJ USA

Vertebrates have particular habitat needs as a function of life cycle and reproductive stage. This paper uses four species as examples to illustrate a paradigm of environmental assessment that includes physical, biological, toxicological and human dimensions. Species used include Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens), northern pine snake (Pituophis m. melanoleucus), and red knot (Calidris canutus rufa, a sandpiper). The life cycles of these species include reliance on habitats that are aquatic, terrestrial, aerial, or combinations of these. Two species (frog, snake) are sedentary and two (salmon, sandpiper) are long-distance migrants. While some measurement endpoints are similar for all species (reproductive success, longevity, contaminant loads), others vary depending upon life cycle and habitat. Salmon have a restricted breeding habitat requiring coarse sand, moderate current, and high oxygen levels for adequate egg incubation. Leopard frogs require still water of appropriate temperature for development of eggs. Pine snakes require sand compaction sufficient to sustain a nest burrow without collapsing, and full sun penetration to the sand to allow their eggs in underground nests to incubate and hatch. Red knots migrate to high Arctic tundra, but incubate their own eggs, so temperature is less of a constraint, but feedinging habitat is. These habitat differences suggest the measurement endpoints that are essential to assess habitat suitability and to manage habitats to achieve stable and sustainable populations. Habitat use and population stability have implications for human activities for some, but not all species. Salmon are important economically, recreationally, and as part of Native American culture and diet. Red knots are of interest to people mainly because of their long, intercontinental migrations and declining populations. Other measurement endpoints for these four species illustrate the differences and similarit

关键词： Assessment Environmental Monitoring Bioindicators Habitat vulnerabilities Salmon Frog Snake Bird

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Complete eradication of hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer by Yttrium-90 SIRT

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 3016-3019页

作者： Sean Garrean Amanda Muhs james T Bui Michael J Blend charles Owens William S Helton Nocif J Espat Department of Surgery the University of Illinois at Chicago840 S. Wood St. MC 958Chicago IL 60612United States Department of Interventional Radiology University of Illinois at Chicago1740 W. Taylor StRoom 4283. MC 931Chicago IL 60612United States Department of Nuclear Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago1740 W. Taylor StRoom 4283. MC 931Chicago IL 60612United States

Yttrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization,also known as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT),is a regional hepatic therapy used in the treatment of unresectable colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. In SIRT,Y-90 impregnated microspheres are injected into the VASCULAR SUPPLY of hepatic tumor,leading to selective irradiation and necrosis of tumor TISSUE. While several studies demonstrate improved local control and survival with SIRT,the specific indications for this therapy have yet to be defined. Typically,SIRT is given in combination with chemotherapy as multimodal treatment for unresectable hepatic CRC. However,it HAS ALSO FOUND INCREASING USE as a salvage therapy in chemo-refractory patients. Herein,the authors describe their experience with SIRT as "stand alone" therapy in a surgically-prohibitive,chemotherapy naive patient with hepatic CRC metastasis. The results suggest that Y-90 SIRT may have potential applications beyond its usual role as a palliative or salvage therapy for unresectable hepatic CRC.

关键词：结肠直肠癌肝转移全切除术钇90

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Architecting the Metaverse: Blockchain and the Financial and Legal Regulatory Challenges of Virtual Real Estate

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2023年第1期15卷 1-23页

作者： james Hutson Gaurango Banerjee Naresh Kshetri Kurt Odenwald Jeremiah Ratican Department of Art History and Visual Culture Lindenwood University St. Charles USA Department of Finance Lindenwood University St. Charles USA Department of Cybersecurity Lindenwood University St. Charles USA Department of Business Law Lindenwood University St. Charles USA Department of Game Design Lindenwood University St. Charles USA

There has been disagreement over the value of purchasing space in the metaverse, but many businesses including Nike, The Wendy’s Company, and McDonald’s have jumped in headfirst. While the metaverse land rush has been called an “illusion” given underdeveloped infrastructure, including inadequate software and servers, and the potential opportunities for economic and legal abuse, the “real estate of the future” shows no signs of slowing. While the current virtual space of the metaverse is worth $6.30 billion, that is expected to grow to $84.09 billion by the end of 2028. But the long-term legal and regulatory considerations of capitalizing on the investment, as well as the manner in which blockchain technology can secure users’ data and digital assets, has yet to be properly investigated. With the metaverse still in a conceptual phase, building a new 3D social environment capable of digital transactions will represent most of the initial investment in time in human capital. Digital twin technologies, already well-established in industry, will be ported to support the need to architect and furnish the new digital world. The return on and viability of investing in the “real estate of the future” raises questions fundamental to the success or failure of the enterprise. As such this paper proposes a novel framing of the issue and looks at the intersection where finance, technology, and law are converging to prevent another Dot-com bubble of the late 1990s in metaverse-based virtual real estate transactions. Furthermore, the paper will argue that these domains are technologically feasible, but the main challenges for commercial users remain in the legal and regulatory arenas. As has been the case with the emergence of online commerce, a legal assessment of the metaverse indicates that courts will look to traditional and established legal principles when addressing issues until the enactment of federal and/or state statutes and accompanying regulations. Lastly, whereas trad

关键词： Blockchain Digital Real Estate Digital Retail Digital Twin Digital Content Finance Metaverse

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英汉医用对话第1册

英汉医用对话第1册

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1979年

作者： charles J.Hirsch james A.Curtin 林尚清颜文俊等译

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英汉医用对话第2册

英汉医用对话第2册

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1979年

作者： charles J.Hirsch james A.Curtin 林尚清颜文俊等译

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Factors Associated with Tobacco Use among Community Dwelling Older Adults in Jos South, Nigeria

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Health 2020年第8期12卷 1049-1066页

作者： Kingsley Mayowa Okonoda Bawo Onesirosan james Yusufu Taru Maigari charles Nnemeka Nwoga Christopher Goson Piwuna Esther Awazzi Envuladu Department of Psychiatry University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Psychiatry Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Drug Abuse Treatment Education and Research (DATER) Unit Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Benin-City Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Jos Jos Nigeria

Background: Tobacco use poses an enormous threat to public health worldwide. Its use is associated with an epidemic of cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic lung disease and other non-communicable diseases especially with increases in age leading to increase morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to determine prevalence and associated factors with tobacco use among elderly members of a community in Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: Data was collected from 17th to 31st August, 2018. The study employed a cross sectional design. Out of 422 elderly members (≥60 years) of the community identified, only 400 were interviewed with a composite questionnaire that includes the following: socio-demography, Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as well as the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Results: Results show the lifetime prevalence of tobacco use to be 17.5% and current prevalence to be 15.8%. Tobacco use disorders were not significantly associated with gender (X2 = 0.10, p2 = 0.03, p = 0.96), respiratory (X2 = 0.21, p = 0.65), digestive (X2 = 3.86, p = 0.05), difficulty ambulating (X2 = 0.34, 0.56), probable psychiatric co-morbidity (X2 = 0.12, p = 0.72) and chronic pain conditions (X2 = 0.74, p = 0.39), and had more hospital visits (X2 = 1.18, p = 0.40), and admissions (X2 = 0.03, p = 0.96) but the relationships did not attain statistical significance. Conclusion: We conclude that tobacco use is highly prevalent among older adults living in the community. There is need to step up efforts on programs of intervention especially smoking cessation programs and a

关键词： Tobacco Use Elderly Community-Dwelling Nigeria

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Field Evaluation of LED Fluorescence Microscopy for Demonstration of <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i>in Patient Blood

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Microscopy Research 2019年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Enock Matovu Andrew Edielu james Ojom Ann Nanteza charles Drago Kato Sylvain Biéler Joseph Mathu Ndung’u College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Lwala Hospital Soroti Uganda Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) Campus Biotech Chemin des Mines 9 Geneva Switzerland

Diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis requires demonstration of parasites in body fluids by microscopy. The microscopy methods that are routinely used are difficult to deploy in resource-limited settings due to practical challenges, including lengthy and tedious procedures, and the need for specific equipment to centrifuge samples in glass capillary tubes. We report here on a study that was conducted in a rural region of eastern Uganda to evaluate new methods that take advantage of a field-deployable LED fluorescence microscope. Examination of acridine orange-stained blood smears by LED fluorescence microscopy resulted in a diagnostic accuracy that was similar to that of routine methods, while the time needed to identify parasites was shortened significantly. These findings make these new microscopy methods attractive alternatives to procedures that are currently used for diagnosis of T. b. rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis.

关键词： Human African Trypanosomiasis Rhodesiense LED Fluorescence Microscopy Red Blood Cell Lysis Diagnosis

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SLP用于intranets

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中文信息 1998年第6期 32-33页

作者： james Kempf,charles Perkins,车琳 Microsoft的Technology Development Group(Palo Alto CA) Microsoft的Technology Development Group(Palo Alto CA)

一种新的协议使计算机能自动查找网络资源的位置。

关键词：用户代理打印机目录打印设备检索工具 SLP intranets

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强化学习成为人工智能的主流 005

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计算机世界

作者： james Kobielus charles

2018年人工智能领域最值得关注的趋势之一,就是强化学习的逐渐成熟,已成为构建和训练统计模型以投入实际使用的主流方法。正如我在2018年年初时所谈到的,强化学习在企业人工智能项目中扮演着越来越重要的角色。该技术已经突破了传统的...

2018年人工智能领域最值得关注的趋势之一,就是强化学习的逐渐成熟,已成为构建和训练统计模型以投入实际使用的主流方法。正如我在2018年年初时所谈到的,强化学习在企业人工智能项目中扮演着越来越重要的角色。该技术已经突破了传统的机器人、游戏和仿真应用领域,在IT运营

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Genome-Wide Linkage and Positional Association Analyses Identify Associations of Novel AFF3 and NTM Genes with Triglycerides:The GenSalt Study

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第3期42卷 107-117页

作者： Changwei Li Lydia A.L.Bazzano Dabeeru C.Rao james E.Hixson Jiang He Dongfeng Gu charles C.Gu Lawrence C.Shimmin Cashell E.Jaquish Karen Schwander De-Pei Liu Jianfeng Huang Fanghong Lu Jie Cao Shen Chong Xiangfeng Lu Tanika N.Kelly Department of Epidemiology Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine Division of Biostatistics Washington University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Texas School of Public Health State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center of Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Division of Prevention and Population Sciences National HeartLungBlood Institute National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Basic Medicine Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health

We conducted a genome-wide linkage scan and positional association study to identify genes and variants influencing blood lipid levels among participants of the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt-Sensitivity （GenSalt） study. The GenSalt study was conducted among 1906 participants from 633 Han Chinese families. Lipids were measured from overnight fasting blood samples using standard methods. Multipoint quantitative trait genome-wide linkage scans were performed on the high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and log- transformed triglyceride phenotypes. Using dense panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）, single-marker and gene-based association analyses were conducted to follow-up on promising linkage signals. Additive associations between each SNP and lipid phenotypes were tested using mixed linear regression models. Gene-based analyses were performed by combining P-values from single- marker analyses within each gene using the truncated product method （TPM）. Significant associations were assessed for replication among 777 Asian participants of the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis （MESA）. Bonferroni correction was used to adjust for multiple testing. In the GenSalt study, suggestive linkage signals were identified at 2p11.2-2q12.1 [maximum multipoint LOD score （MML） = 2.18 at 2q11.2] and t lq24.3-11q25 （MML = 2.29 at 11q25） for the log-transformed triglyceride phenotype. Follow-up analyses of these two regions revealed gene-based associations of charged multivesicular body protein 3 （CHMP3）, ring finger protein 103 （RNF103）, AF4/FMR2 family, member 3 （AFF3）, and neurotrirnin （NTM） with triglycerides （P = 4 ×10^-4, 1.00 × 10^-5, 2.00 × 10^-5, and 1.00 × 10^-7, respectively）. Both the AFF3 and NTM triglyceride associations were replicated among MESA study participants（P = 1.00 × 10^-7 and 8.00× 10^-5, respectively）. Furthermore, NTM explained the linkage signal on chromosome 11, In conclusion, we identified novel genes associated with lipid

关键词： Lipids Linkage analysis Positional association analysis Gene-based analysis

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