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Advances in the management of infertility in men with spinal cord injury

Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 382-390,I0007,I0008页

作者： Emad Ibrahim Nancy L Brackett charles m Lynne The miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA Department of Urology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA.

Couples with a spinal cord injured male partner require assisted ejaculation techniques to collect semen that can then be further used in various assisted reproductive technology methods to achieve a pregnancy. The majority of men sustaining a spinal cord injury regardless of the cause or the level of injury cannot ejaculate during sexual intercourse. Only a small minority can ejaculate by masturbation. Penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation are the two most common methods used to retrieve sperm. Other techniques such as prostatic massage and the adjunct application of other medications can be used, but the results are inconsistent. Surgical sperm retrieval should be considered as a last resort if all other methods fail. Special attention must be paid to patients with T6 and rostral levels of injury due to the risk of autonomic dysreflexia resulting from stimulation below the level of injury. Bladder preparation should be performed before stimulation if retrograde ejaculation is anticipated. Erectile dysfunction is ubiquitous in the spinal cord injured population but is usually easily managed and does not pose a barrier to semen retrieval in these men. Semen analysis parameters of men with spinal cord injury are unique for this population regardless of the method of retrieval, generally presenting as normal sperm concentration but abnormally low sperm motility and viability. When sperm retrieval is desired in this population, emphasis should be placed on initially trying the simple methods of penile vibratory stimulation or electroejaculation before resorting to more advanced and invasive surgical procedures.

关键词： assisted reproductive technology ejaculation electroejaculation male infertility paraplegia penile vibratory stimulation semen sperm spinal cord injury surgical sperm retrieval

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Carbon star CGCS 673 identified as a semi-regular variable star

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第11期20卷 235-238页

作者： Stephen m.Brincat charles Galdies Kevin Hills Flarestar Observatory(mPC 171) Fl.5/BGeorge Tayar StreetSan GwannSGN 3160Malta Institute of Earth Systems University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Tacande Observatory(La Palma Spain)c/o 4 Grange DriveHartfordCheshire CW83AEUK

This study reports that the carbon star CGCS 673 is a semi-regular(SR)variable star with a period of 135 d and an amplitude of 0.18mag in the *** light curve obtained by this study correlates well with the SR classification as the photometric data obtained show noticeable periodicity in the light changes of CGCS 673 that is occasionally interrupted by a period of irregular *** derived period and colour index obtained from our data and those from professional databases indicate that the attributes of this star fall within the parameters of the SR class of variable *** our notification of the discovery that this star is a variable source,CGCS 673 has received the AAVSO Unique Identifier of(AAVSO UID)000-BmZ-492.

关键词： techniques photometric stars variables semi-regular variable stars individual CGCS

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Computation of Two-Phase Biomembranes with Phase Dependent material Parameters Using Surface Finite Elements

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第2期13卷 325-360页

作者： charles m.Elliott Björn Stinner mathematics Institute and Centre for Scientific Computing University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUnited Kingdom

The shapes of vesicles formed by lipid bilayers with phase separation are governed by a bending energy with phase dependent material parameters together with a line energy associatedwith the phase *** present a numericalmethod to approximate solutions to the Euler-Lagrange equations featuring triangulated surfaces,isoparametric quadratic surface finite elements and the phase field approach for the phase ***,the method involves an iterative solution scheme that is based on a relaxation dynamics coupling a geometric evolution equation for the membrane surface with a surface Allen-Cahn *** and grid adaptivity are discussed,and in various simulations the influence of several physical parameters is investigated.

关键词： Biomembrane surface finite elements relaxation dynamics

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Androgen deprivation therapy-associated vasomotor symptoms

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 193-197页

作者： Jason m Jones manish Kohli charles L Loprinzi Department of medical Oncology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 USA

Androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） is widely used as standard therapy in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. While efficacious, ADT is associated with multiple side effects, including decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, diabetes, loss of muscle tone and altered body composition, osteoporosis, lipid changes, memory loss, gynecomastia and hot flashes. The breadth of literature for the treatment of hot flashes is much smaller in men than that in women. While hormonal therapy of hot flashes has been shown to be effective, multiple non-hormonal medications and treatment methods have also been developed. This article reviews current options for the treatment of hot flashes in patients taking ADT.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy hot flashes vasomotor symptoms

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WEAK ERROR ESTImATES FOR TRAJECTORIES OF SPDEs UNDER SPECTRAL GALERKIN DISCRETIZATION

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2018年第2期36卷 159-182页

作者： charles-Edouard Brehier martin Hairer Andrew m. Stuart Univ Lyon CNRS Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 UMR5208 Institut Camille Jordan F-69622 Villeurbanne France Department of mathematics Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Computing and mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 305-16 Pasadena CA 91125 USA

We consider stochastic semi-linear evolution equations which are driven by additive, spatially correlated, Wiener noise, and in particular consider problems of heat equation （analytic semigroup） and damped-driven wave equations （bounded semigroup） type. We discretize these equations by means of a spectral Galerkin projection, and we study the approximation of the probability distribution of the trajectories： test functions are regular, but depend on the values of the process on the interval [0, T]. We introduce a new approach in the context of quantative weak error analysis for discretization of SPDEs. The weak error is formulated using a deterministic function （It6 map） of the stochastic convolution found when the nonlinear term is dropped. The regularity properties of the It6 map are exploited, and in particular second-order Taylor expansions employed, to transfer the error from spectral approximation of the stochastic convolution into the weak error of interest. We prove that the weak rate of convergence is twice the strong rate of convergence in two situations. First, we assume that the covariance operator commutes with the generator of the semigroup： the first order term in the weak error expansion cancels out thanks to an independence property. Second, we remove the commuting assumption, and extend the previous result, thanks to the analysis of a new error term depending on a commutator.

关键词： Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Weak approximation Spectral Galerkin discretization

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Direct numerical simulation of matrix diffusion across fracture/matrix interface

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Water Science and Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 365-379页

作者： Yong ZHANG Eric m.LABOLLE Donald m.REEVES charles RUSSELL Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research Institute Department of Land Airand Water ResourcesUniversity of California

Accurate descriptions of matrix diffusion across the fracture/matrix interface are critical to assessing contaminant migration in fractured media. The classical transfer probability method is only applicable for relatively large diffusion coefficients and small fracture spacings, due to an intrinsic assumption of an equilibrium concentration profile in the matrix blocks. motivated and required by practical applications, we propose a direct numerical simulation （DNS） approach without any empirical assumptions. A three-step Lagrangian algorithm was developed and validated to directly track the particle dynamics across the fracture/matrix interface, where particle＇s diffusive displacement across the discontinuity is controlled by an analytical, one-side reflection probability. Numerical experiments show that the DNS approach is especially efficient for small diffusion coefficients and large fracture spacings, alleviating limitations of the classical modeling approach.

关键词： Key words: fracture matrix interface direct numerical simulation transfer probability Lagrangian algorithm

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Immunomodulators:still having a role?

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 178-187页

作者： Jeffery m.Venner charles N.Bernstein University of manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre WinnipegManitobaCanada Department of Internal medicine Max Rady College of MedicineRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada

Immunomodulators,particularly the thiopurines and to a lesser extent methotrexate,were standard of care for inflammatory bowel diseases,including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,for>40 *** there has been a renaissance in available therapies with the advent of biologics and small molecules,an impetus remains for the ongoing use of thiopurines and *** is particularly true for the maintenance of remission and when used in combination therapy with infliximab to suppress anti-biologic *** article summarizes the data behind immunomodulator use in Crohn’s disease,focusing on the beneficial role these drugs still have while acknowledging their clinical limitations.

关键词： immunomodulators 6-mercaptopurine(6-mP) azathioprine Crohn’s disease methotrexate

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Best practices for model-based and simulation-aided engineering of power transmission and motion control systems

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第1期32卷 186-199页

作者： Jean-charles mARE Institut Clément Ader (CNRS UmR 5312)

This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of aircraft systems, in particular for power transmission and control. It is intended to review, propose and disseminate best practices for making model-based/simulation-aided engineering more efficient at any phase of the system life cycle. The proposals are aimed at creating value, not only by increasing the performance of the product under study but also by shortening the time to market, capitalizing knowledge, mitigating risks and facilitating concurrent engineering. The needs associated with the engineering activities are firstly identified to define a set of requirements for the models. Then, these requirements are used to drive the considerations leading to model development, focusing in particular on the process,modelled physical effects, modelling level, model architecting and concurrent engineering. The third part deals with the model implementation, giving special consideration to the different types of models, causalities, parameterization, implementation and verification. Each part is illustrated by examples related to safety critical actuators.

关键词： Actuator Aerospace Architecture Causality modelling motion control Power transmission Simulation

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Gottfried Konecny:the ambassador of photogrammetry and remote sensing for 75 years

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 27-32,I0006页

作者： charles K.Toth Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

A 90th birthday would be a milestone celebration for any person,but exceptionally rare if the person is still active after 75 years of working and serving the photogrammetric and remote sensing communities *** unprecedented career is the motivation to reflect on the technological developments of the past 75 years in the light of Gottfried Konecny’s lifetime achievements.I started to get to know Gottfried not long before he officially retired from the Institute for Photogrammetry and Engineering Surveys in ***,I was not even born when he,as a young and talented scholar supported by the Fulbright Scholarship from the US Government,arrived at the Ohio State University(OSU),which has been my professional home for three *** the second half of Gottfried’s 75-year career,the technological changes have been phenomenal,and,furthermore,shown an accelerating trend in the past few *** is absolutely remarkable how Gottfried has been able to keep up with these rapid changes and advancing technologies and exploits them for mapping and,in general,for all the users of the geospatial field at ***,his open-minded and kind personality has been always a major plus to his technical skills and experiences,and ultimately helped him assist many colleagues to advance their careers,and along the way developed and increased the use of geospatial data and systems in support of many countries worldwide.

关键词： Photogrammetry remote sensing space observation

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Rapid and Cost-Effective Gene Targeting in Rat Embryonic Stem Cells by TALENs

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第6期39卷 275-280页

作者： charles Ashton Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC Department of Cell and NeurobiologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA

The rat is the preferred animal model in many areas of biomedical research and drug development. Genetic manipulation in rats has lagged behind that in mice due to the lack of efficient gene targeting tools. Previously, we generated a knockout rat via conventional homologous recombination in rat embryonic stern （ES） cells. Here, we show that efficient gene targeting in rat ES cells can be achieved quickly through transcription activator-like effector nuclease （TALEN）-mediated DNA double-strand breaks. Using the Golden Gate cloning technique, we constructed a pair of TALEN targeting vectors for the gene of interest in 5 days. After gene transfection, the targeted rat ES cell colonies were isolated, screened, and confirmed by PCR without the need of drug selection. Our results suggest that TALEN-mediated gene targeting is a superior means of establishing genetically modified rat ES cell lines with high efficiency and short turnaround time.

关键词： TAL effector BmPR2 Rat ES cells Gene-targeting

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