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STUDY OF CRYSTAL GROWTH AND SOLUTE PRECIPITATION THROUGH FRONT TRACKING METHOD

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第2期30卷 377-390页

作者： Xiaolin Li james Glimmi Xiangmin Jiao charles Peyser Yanhong Zhao Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA Computational Science Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11793 USA North Shore Hebrew Academy High School Great Neck NY 11020 USA

Crystal growth and solute precipitation is a Stefan problem. It is a free boundary problem for a parabolic partial differential equation with a time-dependent phase interface. The velocity of the moving interface between solute and crystal is a local function. The dendritic structure of the crystal interface, which develops dynamically, requires high resolution of the interface geometry. These facts make the Lagrangian front tracking method well suited for the problem. In this paper, we introduce an upgraded version of the front tracking code and its associated algorithms for the numerical study of crystal formation. We compare our results with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method （SPH） in terms of the crystal fractal dimension with its dependence on the Damkohler number and density ratio.

关键词： front tracking crystal formation fractal dimension

Vertebrate pesticide risk assessment by indigenous communities in New Zealand

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第1期5卷 37-43页

作者： Shaun C.OGILVIE james M.ATARIA james WAIWAI james DOHERTY Aroha MILLER james G.ROSS charles T.EASON Ecology Department Lincoln UniversityLincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Landcare Research LincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Lake Waikaremoana Hapu Restoration Trust TuaiNew Zealand Tuhoe Tuawhenua Trust MuruparaNew Zealand

In New Zealand,the vertebrate pesticide sodium fluoroacetate(Compound 1080)is aerially applied in baits for control of the brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula(Kerr,1792).Maori,the indigenous people of New Zealand,have raised concerns about 1080 impacts on culturally-important ***,we outline two steps taken to help Maori assess 1080 ***,field research was undertaken to determine if naturally-occurring plants utilized by a Maori community for food and medicine would take up 1080 from *** baits were placed at the base of individual plants of two species,pikopiko(Asplenium bulbiferum)and karamuramu(Coprosma robusta).Plants were sampled at various times up to 56 days,and samples were analyzed for 1080 *** 1080 was detected in any of the pikopiko samples,whereas 1080 was detected in karamuramu,at a maximum concentration of 5 ppb after seven days,and 2.5 ppb after 14 *** concentration decreased to 0 at 28 days,indicating that 1080 was not *** results of the present study suggest there is negligible risk of humans being poisoned by consum-ing plants that have taken up 1080 from *** allay community concerns that minute concentrations of 1080 might influence the medicinal properties of plants,it is suggested that a withholding period of 30 days after 1080 control operations could be ***,after further consultation we undertook a review of the scientific literature relating to 1080 impacts on additional non-target species of cultural importance to *** information was presented on an interactive foodweb database that allowed the collection and presentation of a large volume of complex information about 1080 in a holistic and pictorial *** database was presented to many Maori communities throughout New Zealand,and feedback was overwhelmingly *** database is likely to play a key role in informing these communities about 1080,and is seen as an important new tool to help these communities

关键词： 1080 indigenous communities Maori risk assessment sodium fluoroacetate

In-vitro digestibility,protein digestibility corrected amino acid,and sensory properties of banana-cassava gluten-free pasta with soy protein isolate and egg white protein addition

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第2期12卷 520-527页

作者： Adetiya Rachman Margaret ABrennan james Morton Damir Torrico charles S.Brennan Department of Wine Food and Molecular BiosciencesLincoln UniversityChristchurch 7647New Zealand Riddet Research Institute Palmerston North 4442New Zealand Indonesia Institute for Agricultural Research and Development Jakarta 12540Indonesia

Soy protein isolate and egg white protein were added to cassava-banana gluten-free pasta and the effects on the nutritional quality,digestibility properties,protein digestibility corrected amino acid(PDCAA),and sensory acceptance of the pasta was ***-cassava composite flour(75:25)was blended with soy protein isolate or egg white protein at the following rates:0,5,10,and 15 g/100 g *** pasta samples were analysed for total phenolic content(TPC),antioxidant activity,amino acid profiles,protein content,starch digestibility,protein digestibility and protein digestibility corrected amino acid score(PDCAAS).Addition of both proteins decreased starch digestibility,increased protein digestibility,improved the balance of the amino acid profile,and PDCAAS whereas only soy protein isolate enhanced the TPC and antioxidant capacity of the banana-cassava *** egg white protein-fortified banana-cassava pasta had better customer acceptance and purchase intent than soy protein isolate inclusion.

关键词： Banana flour Cassava flour Gluten-free pasta Digestibility properties Amino acid Sensory evaluation

Review of Mercury's dynamic magnetosphere:Post-MESSENGER era and comparative magnetospheres

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第1期65卷 25-74页

作者： Weijie SUN Ryan MDEWEY Sae AIZAWA Jia HUANG james A.SLAVIN Suiyan FU Yong WEI charles F.BOWERS Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie CNRS-UPS-CNESToulouse 31400France Department of Geophysics Graduate School of ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100864China

This review paper summarizes the research of Mercury’s magnetosphere in the Post-MESSENGER era and compares its dynamics to those in other planetary magnetospheres,especially to those in Earth’s *** review starts by introducing the planet Mercury,including its interplanetary environment,magnetosphere,exosphere,and conducting *** frequent and intense magnetic reconnection on the dayside magnetopause,which is represented by the flux transfer event"shower",is reviewed on how they depend on magnetosheath plasma β and magnetic shear angle across the magnetopause,followed by how it contributes to the flux circulation and magnetosphere-surface-exosphere *** the next,Mercury’s magnetosphere under extreme solar events,including the core induction and the reconnection erosion on the dayside magnetosphere,as well as the responses of the nightside magnetosphere,are ***,the dawn-dusk properties of the plasma sheet,including the features of the ions,the structure of the current sheet,and the dynamics of magnetic reconnection,are *** last topic is devoted to the particle energization in Mercury’s magnetosphere,which includes the energization of the Kelvin-Helmholtz waves on the magnetopause boundaries,reconnection-generated magnetic structures,and the cross-tail electric *** each chapter,the last section discusses the open questions related to each topic,which can be considered by the simulations and the future spacecraft *** end this paper by summarizing the future Bepi Colombo opportunities,which is a joint mission of ESA and JAXA and is en route to Mercury.

关键词： Mercury’s magnetosphere Flux transfer event shower Extreme solar events Core induction Reconnection erosion Dawn-dusk asymmetry Substorm current wedge Particle energization Kelvin-Helmholtz wave

A post-classical theory of enamel biomineralization… and why we need one

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International Journal of Oral Science 2012年第3期4卷 129-134页

作者： james P Simmer Amelia S Richardson Yuan-Yuan Hu charles E Smith Jan Ching-Chun Hu Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Facility for Electron Microscopy Research Department of Anatomy and CellBiology and Faculty ofDentstry McGlIUniversity. Montreal Canada

Enamel crystals are unique in shape, orientation and organization. They are hundreds of thousands times longer than they are wide, run parallel to each other, are oriented with respect to the ameloblast membrane at the mineralization front and are organized into rod or interrod enamel. The classical theory of amelogenesis postulates that extracellular matrix proteins shape crystallites by specifically inhibiting ion deposition on the crystal sides, orient them by binding multiple crystallites and establish higher levels of crystal organization. Elements of the classical theory are supported in principle by in vitro studies; however, the classical theory does not explain how enamel forms in vivo. In this review, we describe how amelogenesis is highly integrated with ameloblast cell activities and how the shape, orientation and organization of enamel mineral ribbons are established by a mineralization front apparatus along the secretory surface of the ameloblast cell membrane.

关键词： ameloblastin amelogenin enamelin mineralization front tooth

Complete eradication of hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer by Yttrium-90 SIRT

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 3016-3019页

作者： Sean Garrean Amanda Muhs james T Bui Michael J Blend charles Owens William S Helton Nocif J Espat Department of Surgery the University of Illinois at Chicago840 S. Wood St. MC 958Chicago IL 60612United States Department of Interventional Radiology University of Illinois at Chicago1740 W. Taylor StRoom 4283. MC 931Chicago IL 60612United States Department of Nuclear Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago1740 W. Taylor StRoom 4283. MC 931Chicago IL 60612United States

Yttrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization,also known as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT),is a regional hepatic therapy used in the treatment of unresectable colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. In SIRT,Y-90 impregnated microspheres are injected into the VASCULAR SUPPLY of hepatic tumor,leading to selective irradiation and necrosis of tumor TISSUE. While several studies demonstrate improved local control and survival with SIRT,the specific indications for this therapy have yet to be defined. Typically,SIRT is given in combination with chemotherapy as multimodal treatment for unresectable hepatic CRC. However,it HAS ALSO FOUND INCREASING USE as a salvage therapy in chemo-refractory patients. Herein,the authors describe their experience with SIRT as "stand alone" therapy in a surgically-prohibitive,chemotherapy naive patient with hepatic CRC metastasis. The results suggest that Y-90 SIRT may have potential applications beyond its usual role as a palliative or salvage therapy for unresectable hepatic CRC.

关键词： Yttrium-90, SIRT Radioembolization Hepatic metastasis Ablation

Effects of biochar on soil water retention curves of compacted clay during wetting and drying

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1117-1130页

作者： james Tsz Fung Wong Ka Lai Chow Xun Wen Chen charles Wang Wai Ng Ming Hung Wong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongSARChina Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongSARChina Consortium on Health EnvironmentEducation and Research(CHEER)Department of Science and Environmental StudiesThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongSARChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Compacted clay possesses a low water permeability and has been widely used in geo-environmental facilities such as landfill cover *** studies revealed the potential applications of compacted biochar-amended clay(BAC)as an alternative landfill cover ***,the effects of biochar on the soil water retention curves(SWRCs)of clay at low suction are not *** study can help fill this knowledge gap by measuring the wetting and drying SWRCs of clay and BAC(20%biochar).Soils were compacted in instrumented soil columns and subjected to a wetting and drying cycle,and soil water content and suction were measured along with the soil *** was saturated faster when compared with *** drying,the soil water content of clay at 65 mm depth dropped to almost zero,while about 5%of water was retained in *** showed that biochar increased the soil water retention capacity of compacted clay upon *** showed that biochar-clay composite possesses a higher soil water retention capacity at a low soil suction range(<1000 kPa)compared with clay *** revealed the benefits of using compacted biochar-clay composite as a hydraulic barrier to minimize desiccation-induced cracks and potentially promote its serviceability,especially in arid and semi-arid *** composite is also a carbon sink material that can reduce landfill gas emissions and pollutant leaching.

关键词： Soil amendment Biochar-clay composite Soil carbon Soil suction Soil depth

Photoelectrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies of Colloidal Nano-Particles of Mixed TiO2/V2O5Metal-Oxide Semiconductors

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第5期3卷 265-271页

作者： Kasem K. Kasem Aubrey Finley james Folberth Maarij Syed Elaine kirkpatrick Department of Science Mathematics and Informatics School of Art and Science Indiana University Kokomo Kokomo USA Rose Hulman Institute of Technology Terre Haute USA

Due to its importance in hydrogen production during the photolysis process of aqueous suspensions process, mixed TiO2/V2O5 metal-oxide semiconductors were prepared and subjected to crystal structure investigation using X-ray technique. The photoelectrochemical behavior of these TiO2/V2O5 was investigated by photolysis of aqueous suspensions of these oxides containing [Fe(CN)6]4-. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the TiO2 crystallites grow in the (1 0 1) direction, while The V2O5 crystallites seem to be growing in the (4 2 0) direction, with increasing concentration of V2O5. Photolysis studies show that photochemical activities that maintained the [Fe(CN)6]4/[Fe(CN)6]3- redox reversibility increased by increasing V2O5 up to 50% and then decreased at greater percentages. Aqueous nano systems used in these studies retained their stability as indicated by the reproducibility of their photo-catalytic activities.

关键词： TiO2/V2O5 Nanoparticles Semiconductors Photolysis Hydrogen Production

An enhanced functional ability questionnaire(faVIQ) to measure the impact of rehabilitation services on the visually impaired

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第1期7卷 77-85页

作者： james Stuart Wolffsohn Jonathan Jackson Olivia Anne Hunt charles Cottriall Jennifer Lindsay Richard Gilmour Anne Sinclair Robert Harper Aston University Life and Health SciencesOphthalmic Research Group Australian College of Optometry Royal Victoria Hospital Oxford Eye Hospital Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast Altnagelvin Area Hospital Low Vision Clinic Fife Low Vision Centre for the Blind Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and Manchester Academic and Health Science Centre Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

AIM: To develop a short,enhanced functional ability Quality of Vision(faVIQ) instrument based on previous questionnaires employing comprehensive modern statistical techniques to ensure the use of an appropriate response scale,items and scoring of the visual related difficulties experienced by patients with visual impairment. · METHODS: Items in current quality-of-life questionnaires for the visually impaired were refined by a multi-professional group and visually impaired focus groups. The resulting 76 items were completed by 293 visually impaired patients with stable vision on two occasions separated by a month. The faVIQ scores of 75 patients with no ocular pathology were compared to 75 age and gender matched patients with visual impairment. ·RESULTS: Rasch analysis reduced the faVIQ items to 27. Correlation to standard visual metrics was moderate(r =0.32-0.46) and to the NEI-VFQ was 0.48. The faVIQ was able to clearly discriminate between age and gender matched populations with no ocular pathology and visual impairment with an index of 0.983 and 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity using a cut off of 29.·CONCLUSION: The faVIQ allows sensitive assessment of quality-of-life in the visually impaired and should support studies which evaluate the effectiveness of low vision rehabilitation services.

关键词： quality of life visual impairment low vision functional ability sensitivity specificity