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American Journal of Climate Ch.nge 2024年第2期13卷 230-250页

作者： charles Flomo Togbah State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development Shanghai China

Climate ch.nge is an alarming global ch.llenge, particularly affecting th. least developed countries (LDCs) including Liberia. Th.se countries, located in regions prone to unpredictable temperature and precipitation ch.nges, are facing significant ch.llenges, particularly in climate-sensitive sectors such.as mining and agriculture. LDCs need more resilience to adverse climate sh.cks but h.ve limited capacity for adaptation compared to oth.r developed and developing nations. Th.s paper examines Liberia’s susceptibility to climate ch.nge as a least developed country, focusing on its exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It provides an overview of LDCs and outlines th. global distribution of carbon dioxide emissions. Th. paper also evaluates specific ch.llenges th.t amplify Liberia’s vulnerability and constrain sustainable adaptation, providing insigh. into climate ch.nge’s existing and potential effects. Th. paper emph.sizes th. urgency of addressing climate impacts on Liberia and calls for concerted local and international efforts for effective and sustainable mitigation efforts. It provides recommendations for policy decisions and calls for furth.r research.on climate ch.nge mitigation and adaptation.

关键词： Least Developed Countries Liberia Climate Ch.nge Vulnerability Poverty h.nger Disease Research.and Development (R&D) Adaptation

Marinoan glaciation in th. Indian subcontinent——Anatomy and global implications

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Journal of Palaeogeograph. 2024年第2期13卷 293-308页

作者： h.N.Bh.ttach.rya Department of Earth.Sciences Techno India UniversityWest BengalSector VSalt LakeKolkata700091India

Detailed sedimentological analysis of th. Pokaran Boulder Bed,representing th. most basal unit of th. Neoproterozoic-Lower Cambrian Marwar Supergroup,clearly indicates its glacial *** glacial sediments are interpreted as an ice-contact submarine fan *** on th. detrital and inh.rited zircon population of th. Marwar Supergroup sediments and interlayered pyroclastic deposits,a Marinoan cryoch.on of th. Cryogenian Period is envisaged for th. Pokaran Boulder *** well-preserved Ediacaran elements in th. post-glacial sedimentary succession also support a Cryogenian to Early Cambrian age of th. Marwar *** glacial deposition at th. base of th. Marwar Supergroup strength.ns th. regional correlation between th. studied sediments with.th. Lesser h.malayan Blaini-Krol-Tal sediments and th. h.qf Supergroup of *** available zircon ages and paleomagnetic data of th. Malani Igneous suite,along with.th. Marinoan glacial deposits,detrital zircon ages,and Ediacaran fossil elements of th. Marwar Supergroup add significant information to th. Neoproterozoic Earth.h.story.

关键词： Neoproterozoic Marinoan glaciation Diamictites Pokaran Boulder Bed Marwar Supergroup

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： Peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Th.rapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingh.m Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with.motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a h.llmark feature of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis,th.re is considerable h.terogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and th. underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with.families h.rboring amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it h.s become apparent th.t overt disease is preceded by a prodromal ph.se,possibly in years,wh.re compensatory mech.nisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is sporadic,th.re is a strong need for identifying biomarkers th.t can detect th.s prodromal ph.se as motor neurons h.ve limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved th.rapies work by slowing th. degenerative process and are most effective early in th. *** muscle,including th. neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at th. earliest stages of th. disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of th. prodromal *** accessibility of muscle th.ough.biopsy provides a lens into th. distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”tech.ology h.s led to th. identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** tech.ology h.s opened th. door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insigh. into disease mech.nisms.A major ch.llenge is correlating th. myriad of dysregulated molecules with.clinical or h.stological progression and understanding th.ir relevance to presymptomatic ph.ses of *** are two major goals of th.s *** first is to summarize some of th. biomarkers identified in h.man amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle th.t h.ve a clinicopath.logical correlation with.disease activi

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopath.logical correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atroph. neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

Simultaneous determination of typical toxic aldeh.des formed during food frying and digestion using isotope dilution Uh.LC-QqQ-MS/MS

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Grain & Oil Science and Tech.ology 2024年第1期7卷 42-49页

作者： Feng Wang Yun Cui Dongjie Liu charles Brennan Soottawat Benjakul Weiwei Ch.ng Gengsh.ng Xiao Lukai Ma Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food of Ministry and Rural Affairs College of Light Industry and FoodZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China Sch.ol of Science Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology UniversityMelbourneAustralia International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation Faculty of Agro-IndustryPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla 90110Thailand College of Food Science and Tech.ology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

An isotope dilution ultra-performance liquid ch.omatograph.-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry meth.d was developed to simultaneously detect two typical kinds ofα,β-unsaturated aldeh.des,namely 4-h.droxy-2-h.xenal(4-h.E)and 4-h.droxy-2-nonenal(4-h.E),in *** proposed meth.d exh.bited a linear range of 10-1000 ng/mL with.a limit of detection of 0.1-2.0 ng/g and a limit of quantification of 0.3-5.0 ng/*** recovery rates of th.se typical toxic aldeh.des(i.e.,4-h.E,4-h.E)and th.ir d3-labeled analogues were 91.54%-105.12%with.a low matrix ***,th.s proposed meth.d was successfully applied to a real frying system and a simulated digestion system,wh.rein th. contents of 4-h.E and 4-h.E were determined for ***,th. obtained results provide strong support for furth.r research.into th. production of 4-h.E and 4-h.E resulting from foods during oil digestion and frying.

关键词： Uh.LC-QqQ-MS/MS 4-h.droxy-2-h.xenal 4-h.droxy-2-nonenal Frying Simulated digestion

Applying Earth.Observation Tech.ologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,California

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： Fynnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza charles K.h.yck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy F.Tiampo California State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of South.rn California Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center for International Earth.Science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for Research.in Environmental Sciences(CIRES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth.observation(EO) tech.ologies,such.as very h.gh.resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enh.nce economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing th. fine-grained and real-time beh.vioral responses of businesses and th. *** investigated th.s unique approach.to economic consequence modeling to determine wh.th.r crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic beh.vioral responses th.t could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply ch.in repercussions and resilience *** applied our meth.dology to th. COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,California as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach.to account for th. ch.nging ch.racter of EO th.ough.longer-term disasters in th. economic modeling *** found th.t despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,wh.ch.leads to significant differences from oth.r data sources in terms of direct and total impact *** findings from th.s analytical approach.h.ve important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,wh.se goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth.observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

Experimental and numerical investigation on alternatives to sandy gravel

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： V.Denefeld h.Aurich Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

Th. NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines th. protection levels for th. occupants of logistic and ligh. armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,Volume 2 document outlines th. test conditions for underbelly improvised explosive device(IEDs),wh.ch.must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy gravel h.s some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on th. investigation of four alternatives to sandy gravel,wh.ch.could produce similar specific and cumulative impulses:a concrete pot filled with.water,a concrete pot filled with.quartz sand,a steel pot with.ut filling and a concrete pot filled with.glass sph.res(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with.a ring tech.ology developed at th. Fraunh.fer EMI.A numerical soil model based on th. work of Marrs,2014 and Fi serov a,2006 and considering th. soil moisture was used to simulate th. experiments with.glass sph.res at different water contents,sh.wing much.better agreement with.th. experiments th.n th. classical Laine&Sandvik model,even for h.gh.saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale th.t are more cost-effective,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to th. current tests carried out with.STANAG sandy gravel.

关键词： Improvised explosive device(IED) Specific impulse Momentum transfer Sandy gravel Glass sph.res Numerical model Soil moisture

Une démocratie qui fonctionne

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中国与非洲（法文版） 2024年第5期16卷 16-17页

作者： charles ONUNAIJU 不详

Improving th. utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： h.ber h.Arcolezi Jean-François Couch.t Bech.ra Al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole Polytech.ique(IPP) PalaiseauFrance Femto-ST Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TICKET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon Sch.ol of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Th.s paper investigates th. problem of collecting multidimensional data th.ough.ut time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for th. fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential Privacy(LDP)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,th. multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to th. privacy ***,wh.n collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,th.“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections th.ough.ut time)impose several ch.llenges,for wh.ch.th.s paper proposes th. first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle th.se issues,we extend th. analysis of th.ee state-of-th.-art LDP protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and Symmetric Unary Encoding–SUE)for both.longitudinal and multidimensional data *** th. known literature uses OUE and SUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-SUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally sh.w th.t starting with.OUE and th.n with.SUE provides h.gh.r data utility(i.e.,L-OSUE).Also,for attributes with.small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),wh.ch.provides h.gh.r utility th.n th. oth.r protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDP for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(ALLOMFREE),wh.ch.randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with.th. wh.le privacy budget and adaptively selects th. optimal protocol,i.e.,eith.r L-GRR or *** sh.wn in th. results,ALLOMFREE consistently and considerably outperforms th. state-of-th.-art L-SUE and L-OUE protocols in th. quality of th. frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

A Review of Artificial Intelligence in K-12 Education

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2088-2100页

作者： Antoine Azzam Tendai charles Faculty of Education The British University in Dubai Dubai United Arab Emirates

Artificial intelligence (AI) h.s garnered significant interest with.n th. educational domain over th. past decade, promising to revolutionise teach.ng and learning. Th.s paper provides a compreh.nsive overview of systematic reviews conducted from 2010 to 2023 on th. implementation of AI in K-12 education. By synth.sising findings from ten selected systematic reviews, th.s study explores th. multifaceted opportunities and ch.llenges posed by AI in education. Th. analysis reveals several key findings: AI’s potential to personalise learning, enh.nce student motivation, and improve teach.ng efficiency are h.gh.igh.ed as major strength.. h.wever, th. study also identifies critical concerns, including teach.r resistance, h.gh.implementation costs, eth.cal considerations, and th. need for extensive teach.r training. Th.se findings represent th. most significant insigh.s from th. analysis, wh.le additional findings furth.r underscore th. complexity and scope of AI integration in educational settings. Th. study employs a SWOT analysis to summarise th.se insigh.s, identifying key areas for future research.and policy development. Th.s review aims to guide educators, policymakers, and research.rs in effectively leveraging AI to enh.nce educational outcomes wh.le addressing its inh.rent ch.llenges.

关键词： AI in Education Digital Education Educational Tech.ology Tech.ology Enh.nced Learning K-12 Education Systematic Literature Review

Comparison among th. UECM Model, and th. Composite Model in Forecasting Malaysian Imports

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第2期14卷 163-178页

作者： Moh.med A. h. Milad h.nan Moh. B. Duzan Libyan Auth.rity and Science Research Tripoli Libya Th. h.gh.r Institute of Science and Tech.ology-Souq Algoma Tripoli Libya

For more th.n a century, forecasting models h.ve been crucial in a variety of fields. Models can offer th. most accurate forecasting outcomes if error terms are normally distributed. Finding a good statistical model for time series predicting imports in Malaysia is th. main target of th.s study. Th. decision made during th.s study mostly addresses th. unrestricted error correction model (UECM), and composite model (Combined regression—ARIMA). Th. imports of Malaysia from th. first quarter of 1991 to th. th.rd quarter of 2022 are employed in th.s study’s quarterly time series data. Th. forecasting outcomes of th. current study demonstrated th.t th. composite model offered more probabilistic data, wh.ch.improved forecasting th. volume of Malaysia’s imports. Th. composite model, and th. UECM model in th.s study are linear models based on responses to Malaysia’s imports. Future studies migh. compare th. performance of linear and nonlinear models in forecasting.

关键词： Composite Model UECM ARIMA Forecasting Malaysia