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Framework for atomic-level characterisation of quantum computer arrays by machine learning

npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1513-1520页

作者： Muhammad Usman Yi Zheng Wong charles d.hill Lloyd C.L.Hollenberg Center for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Physics University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Computing and Information Systems Melbourne School of EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Atomic-level qubits in silicon are attractive candidates for large-scale quantum computing;however,their quantum properties and controllability are sensitive to details such as the number of donor atoms comprising a qubit and their precise *** work combines machine learning techniques with million-atom simulations of scanning tunnelling microscopic(STM)images of dopants to formulate a theoretical framework capable of determining the number of dopants at a particular qubit location and their positions with exact lattice site precision.A convolutional neural network(CNN)was trained on 100,000 simulated STM images,acquiring a characterisation fidelity(number and absolute donor positions)of>98% over a set of 17,600 test images including planar and blurring noise commensurate with experimental *** formalism is based on a systematic symmetry analysis and feature-detection processing of the STM images to optimise the computational *** technique is demonstrated for qubits formed by single and pairs of closely spaced donor atoms,with the potential to generalise it for larger donor *** method established here will enable a high-precision post-fabrication characterisation of dopant qubits in silicon,with high-throughput potentially alleviating the requirements on the level of resources required for quantum-based characterisation,which will otherwise be a challenge in the context of large qubit arrays for universal quantum computing.

关键词： quantum character donor

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A 3d In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 225-237页

作者： William Macalester Asme Boussahel Rafael O.Moreno-Tortolero Mark R.Shannon Nicola West darryl hill Adam Perriman School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBristolUnited Kingdom Centre for Protolife Research School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantocks CloseBristolUnited Kingdom Periodontology Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolLower Maudlin StreetBristolUnited Kingdom Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral ***,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment ***,we design and bioprint a facile 3d in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel *** demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate *** findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3d dentine-bone interface models.

关键词： interface den surface

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William Morris,Establishing the Foundation for the Advancement of TCM in the US

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 29-40页

作者： Ioannis Solos charles Buck William Morris Saint George Clinic and Research Institute Scottsdale 85251the United States of America Northern College of Acupuncture Micklegate YO16LJthe United Kingdom AOMA Graduate School of Integrative Medicine Austin 78745the United States of America

The interview was conducted on March 2nd, 2023 by Ioannis Solos and charles Buck. William Morris has sustained practice since 1980. He has served on the California, Texas and Massachusetts Professional Associations, as well as the National Association. He has tendered 20 years of service to the field through academic medicine, earning a master’s degree in medical education to assist in developing Chinese medical doctoral programs and institutional review boards. He earned an OM.d. in 1988, a dAOM in 2002, and a Ph.d. focused on pulse diagnosis as clinical epistemology in 2009. He has published five books, including TCM Case Studies dermatology, Li Shi-zhen Pulse Studies: An Illustrated Guide, Neoclassical Pulse diagnosis, Cycles in Medical Astrology, and Transformation: Treating Trauma with Acupuncture and Herbs.

关键词： Acupuncture sustained diagnosis

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Modelling the water diversion of a sustainable cover system under humid climates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2429-2440页

作者： Haowen Guo charles Wang Wai Ng Qi Zhang Chuanxiang Qu Liwen Hu Shenzhen Research Institute of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518057China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR999077China CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Institute Co. LtdGuangzhou510230China

Extreme rainfall significantly threatens the safety of the landfill cover system,especially under humid *** study aims to provide design recommendations for a sustainable landfill cover system consisting of a low-permeability soil layer underlying a two-layer capillary barrier for humid ***,the numerical back-analysis was conducted for verification against a series of flume model ***,a parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of inclination angle,particle size and layer thickness on the lateral diversion length(dL)of the three-layer cover system under the 100-year return period rainfall of humid *** results show that the water lateral dL of the cover system can be greatly enhanced by increasing the inclination angle from 3to 18.Moreover,the bottom layer of the cover system with a coarser d10 was more susceptible to the impact of the heavy rainfall,while this can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the bottom layer.A dimensionless number,defined as the ratio of thickness and d10 of the bottom layer,is proposed for designing lateral diversion of the three-layer cover system under humid *** preserve the maximum dL,it is suggested that the proposed dimensionless number should be larger than 95 and 110 for the design of rainfall events with 50-year and 100-year return periods for humid climates,respectively.

关键词： Unsaturated soil Recycling Construction waste Three-layer landfill cover Water infiltration

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Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 22-29页

作者： Tatiana charles Nicolas Bloemers Bilal Kapanci Marc Jayankura department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology HUB-Hospital ErasmeBrussels 1070Belgium

BACKGROUNd dislocation rates after hemiarthroplasty reportedly vary from 1%to 17%.This serious complication is associated with increased morbidity and mortality *** to this surgery are still debated,with no consensus regarding the superiority of any single *** To compare early postoperative complications after implementing the direct anterior and posterior approaches(PL)for hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck *** This is a comparative,retrospective,single-center cohort study conducted at a university *** March 2008 and december 2018,273 patients(a total of 280 hips)underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasties(n=280)for displaced femoral neck fractures using either the PL(n=171)or the minimally invasive direct anterior approach(dAA)(n=109).The choice of approach was related to the surgeons’practices;the implant types were similar and unrelated to the *** rates and other complications were reviewed after a minimum followup of 6 *** Both treatment groups had similarly aged patients(mean age:82 years),sex ratios,patient body mass indexes,and patient *** data(surgery delay time,operative time,and blood loss volume)did not differ significantly between the *** 30 d mortality rate was higher in the PL group(9.9%)than in the dAA group(3.7%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.052).Among the one-month survivors,a significantly higher rate of dislocation was observed in the PL group(14/154;9.1%)than in the dAA group(0/105;0%)(P=0.002).Of the 14 patients with dislocation,8 underwent revision surgery for recurrent instability(posterior group),and one of them had 2 additional procedures due to a deep *** rate of other complications(e.g.,perioperative and early postoperative periprosthetic fractures and infection-related complications)did not differ significantly between the *** These findings suggest that the dAA to bipolar hemiarthroplasty f

关键词： Hemiarthroplasty Femoral neck fracture direct anterior approach Posterior approach dislocation Mortality

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Hyperspectral Image Super-Resolution Network Based on Reinforcing Inter-Spectral Incremental Information

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2024年第4期33卷 307-325页

作者： Jialong Liang Qiang Li Size Wang charles Okanda Nyatega Xin Guan School of Microelectronics Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China. School of Electrical andInformation Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China.

Hyperspectral images typically have high spectral resolution but low spatial resolution,which impacts the reliability and accuracy of subsequent applications,for example,remote sensingclassification and mineral *** in traditional methods via deep convolution neural net-works,indiscriminately extracting and fusing spectral and spatial features makes it challenging toutilize the differentiated information across adjacent spectral ***,we proposed a multi-branch interleaved iterative upsampling hyperspectral image super-resolution reconstruction net-work(MIIUSR)to address the above *** reinforce spatial feature extraction by integrat-ing detailed features from different receptive fields across adjacent ***,we pro-pose an interleaved iterative upsampling process during the reconstruction stage,which progres-sively fuses incremental information among adjacent frequency ***,we add twoparallel three dimensional(3d)feature extraction branches to the backbone network to extractspectral and spatial features of varying *** further enhance the backbone network’sconstruction results by leveraging the difference between two dimensional(2d)channel-groupingspatial features and 3d multi-granularity *** results obtained by applying the proposednetwork model to the CAVE test set show that,at a scaling factor of×4,the peak signal to noiseratio,spectral angle mapping,and structural similarity are 37.310 dB,3.525 and 0.9438,***,extensive experiments conducted on the Harvard and Foster datasets demonstratethe superior potential of the proposed model in hyperspectral super-resolution reconstruction.

关键词： image processing hyperspectral image super-solution incremental information

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Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Removal from Aircraft Engine

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Occupational diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： charles L. Blake Kevin M. Guth Raymond d. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta USA Center for Environmental and Occupational Risk Analysis and Management College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated asbestos exposure associated with various maintenance procedures on light aircraft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate asbestos exposure during engine maintenance on light aircraft. This test was designed to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to mechanics and others who remove asbestos-containing engine gaskets from reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized in this test was an air cooled, horizontally opposed, aviation gasoline burning engine, assembled during 1986 and operated intermittently up into 2015, having accumulated 1680 hours run time. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed during 1986 were still in place at the time of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from 55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and 5% by area, for the spiral wound metal/asbestos style. despite the levels of effort required to effect gasket removals, the professional aircraft mechanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower limits of sampling and analytical detection achieved;all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure Limits for asbestos. The results of this testing indicate an absence of gasket related asbestos exposure risk to mechanics who work with light aircraft engines, including those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the findings of Mlyarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul of larger radial style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction Materials

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An Analysis of Liberia’s Vulnerability to Climate Change in the Context of Least developed Countries (LdCs): A Review

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 230-250页

作者： charles Flomo Togbah State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable development Shanghai China

Climate change is an alarming global challenge, particularly affecting the least developed countries (LdCs) including Liberia. These countries, located in regions prone to unpredictable temperature and precipitation changes, are facing significant challenges, particularly in climate-sensitive sectors such as mining and agriculture. LdCs need more resilience to adverse climate shocks but have limited capacity for adaptation compared to other developed and developing nations. This paper examines Liberia’s susceptibility to climate change as a least developed country, focusing on its exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It provides an overview of LdCs and outlines the global distribution of carbon dioxide emissions. The paper also evaluates specific challenges that amplify Liberia’s vulnerability and constrain sustainable adaptation, providing insight into climate change’s existing and potential effects. The paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate impacts on Liberia and calls for concerted local and international efforts for effective and sustainable mitigation efforts. It provides recommendations for policy decisions and calls for further research on climate change mitigation and adaptation.

关键词： Least developed Countries Liberia Climate Change Vulnerability Poverty Hunger disease Research and development (R&d) Adaptation

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Simultaneous determination of typical toxic aldehydes formed during food frying and digestion using isotope dilution UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第1期7卷 42-49页

作者： Feng Wang Yun Cui dongjie Liu charles Brennan Soottawat Benjakul Weiwei Cheng Gengsheng Xiao Lukai Ma Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food of Ministry and Rural Affairs College of Light Industry and FoodZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China School of Science Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology UniversityMelbourneAustralia International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation Faculty of Agro-IndustryPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla 90110Thailand College of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

An isotope dilution ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously detect two typical kinds ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes,namely 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal(4-HHE)and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4-HNE),in *** proposed method exhibited a linear range of 10-1000 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1-2.0 ng/g and a limit of quantification of 0.3-5.0 ng/*** recovery rates of these typical toxic aldehydes(i.e.,4-HHE,4-HNE)and their d3-labeled analogues were 91.54%-105.12%with a low matrix ***,this proposed method was successfully applied to a real frying system and a simulated digestion system,wherein the contents of 4-HHE and 4-HNE were determined for ***,the obtained results provide strong support for further research into the production of 4-HHE and 4-HNE resulting from foods during oil digestion and frying.

关键词： UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS 4-Hydroxy-2-hexenal 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal Frying Simulated digestion

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Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina d.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Simon Melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

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