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Effect of ambient pressures on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy signals

Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 243-256页

作者： Kaifan Zhang Weiran Song Zongyu hou Zhe Wang State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua-Rio Tinto Joint Research Centre for ResourcesEnergy and Sustainable DevelopmentInternational Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationInstitute for Carbon NeutralityDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032China

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is regarded as the future superstar for analytical chemistry and widely applied in various *** the quality of LIBS signal is fundamental to achieving accurate quantification and large-scale commercialization of *** propose control methods that improve LIBS signal quality,it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the influence of key parameters,such as ambient gas pressure,temperature,and sample temperature on LIBS *** date,extensive research has been carried ***,different researchers often yield significantly different experimental results for LIBS,preventing the formation of consistent *** greatly prevents the understanding of influencing laws of key parameters and the improvement of LIBS quantitative *** ambient gas pressure as an example,this paper compares the effects of ambient gas pressure under different optimization conditions,reveals the influence of spatiotemporal window caused by inherent characteristics of LIBS signal sources,i.e.,intense temporal changes and spatial non-uniformity of laser-induced plasmas,on the impact patterns of key *** the perspective of plasma spatiotemporal evolution,the paper elucidates the influence patterns of ambient gas pressure on LIBS signals,clarifying seemingly contradictory research results in the literature.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy spatiotemporal window pressure condition signal uncertainty plasma modulation

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Optimization on crystallization process of the magnetic core lysozyme

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 106-113页

作者： Lixia hou Chunxiao Qu Min Su Zhihan Liang Qi Hao School of Chemical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

The continuous growth of the biomedical market highlights the significance of improvement in the ef-ficiency of batch production for protein drug ***,we investigated the effect of polymer-modified Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles on lysozyme(Lys)crystallization at different conditions,using function-alized Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticles(Polymer C@Fe_(3)O_(4))as nucleation *** study revealed that the surface charge density of Polymer C@Fe_(3)O_(4) was highest at a modification mass ratio of Fe_(3)O_(4) to Polymer C is 8∶*** ratio facilitates the augmentation of electrostatic interaction and the promotion of *** adding 15%of the PolymerC@Fe_(3)O_(4) prepared from Fe_(3)O_(4) with an average particle size of 150 nm,the magnetic core lysozyme(M-Lys)crystals with an average particle size of 11.08μm,narrow size distribution,and regular morphology were obtained in a yield of 82.42%within 60 min.

关键词： Protein Crystallization Magnetic particle Lysozyme

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Recent advances in the synthesis and application of N-heterocyclic carbene-based molecular cages

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1510-1523页

作者： Qiongjie Chai Lixin Duan Yanzhe Ma Tianheng hou Tao Tu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

N-Heterocyclic carbene(NHC)-based cages have emerged as a prominent and dynamic research area within the research field of chemistry. Leveraging the distinctive electronic and steric properties of NHC ligands, the design, synthesis, and application of these corresponding cages have garnered substantial scholarly interest. In recent years, we have witnessed the successful fabrication of diverse NHC-based cages through a range of synthetic methodologies, which hold significant potential for applications in molecular recognition and catalysis. In this review, we delve into the foundational synthetic strategies that underlie the creation of NHC-based cages, employing approaches encompassing metal–NHC chelation, coordination assembly,and covalent bonding. Additionally, we compile the diverse applications of these cages within catalytic processes and molecular recognition. Lastly, we shed light on the current limitations of synthesis and outline future trends in the development of NHCbased cages.

关键词： N-heterocyclic carbene molecular cages supramolecular chemistry synthetic strategies applications

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Constrained clustering with weak label prior

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 117-132页

作者： Jing ZHANG Ruidong FAN Hong TAO Jiacheng JIANG Chenping hou College of Sciences National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Clustering is widely exploited in data *** has been proved that embedding weak label prior into clustering is effective to promote its *** researches mainly focus on only one type of ***,in many real scenarios,two kinds of weak label prior information,e.g.,pairwise constraints and cluster ratio,are easily obtained or already *** to incorporate them to improve clustering performance is important but rarely *** propose a novel constrained Clustering with Weak Label Prior method(CWLP),which is an integrated *** the unified spectral clustering model,the pairwise constraints are employed as a regularizer in spectral embedding and label proportion is added as a constraint in spectral *** approximate a variant of the embedding matrix more precisely,we replace a cluster indicator matrix with its scaled *** of fixing an initial similarity matrix,we propose a new similarity matrix that is more suitable for deriving clustering *** for the theoretical convergence and computational complexity analyses,we validate the effectiveness of CWLP through several benchmark datasets,together with its ability to discriminate suspected breast cancer patients from healthy *** experimental evaluation illustrates the superiority of our proposed approach.

关键词： clustering weak label prior cluster ratio pairwise constraints

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Boosting oxygen vacancies by modulating the morphology of Au decorated In_(2)O_(3)with enhanced CO_(2)hydrogenation activity to CH_(3)OH

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 91-102页

作者： Ruxian hou Jiewen Xiao Qian Wu Tianyu Zhang Qiang Wang Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol has become one of the most promising ways for CO_(2)utilization,however,the CO_(2)conversion rate and methanol selectivity of this reaction still need to be improved for industrial *** we investigated the structure-activity relationship for CO_(2)conversion to methanol of In_(2)O_(3)-based catalysts by modulating morphology and decorating *** different Au/In_(2)O_(3)catalysts were prepared,their activity follow the sequence of Au/In_(2)O_(3)-nanosphere(Au/In_(2)O_(3)-NS)>Au/In_(2)O_(3)-nanoplate(Au/In_(2)O_(3)-NP)>Au/In_(2)O_(3)-hollow microsphere(Au/In_(2)O_(3)-HM).Au/In_(2)O_(3)-NS exhibited the best performance with good CO_(2)conversion of 12.7%,high methanol selectivity of 59.8%,and large space time yield of 0.32 g CH_(3)OH/(hr·gcat)at 300℃.The high performance of Au/In_(2)O_(3)-NS was considered as the presence of *** contributes to the creation of more surface oxygen vacancies,which further promoted the CO_(2)adsorption and facilitated CO_(2)activation to form the formate intermediates towards *** work clearly suggests that the activity of In_(2)O_(3)catalyst can be effective enhanced by structure engineering and Au decorating.

关键词： CO_(2)hydrogenation Methanol Au/In_(2)O_(3) Morphology Oxygen vacancies

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An Analytical Method for Delineating Feasible Region for PV Integration Capacities in Net-zero Distribution Systems Considering Battery Energy Storage System Flexibility

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 475-487页

作者： Shida Zhang Shaoyun Ge Hong Liu Guocheng hou Chengshan Wang School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

To provide guidance for photovoltaic(PV)system integration in net-zero distribution systems(DSs),this paper proposes an analytical method for delineating the feasible region for PV integration capacities(PVICs),where the impact of battery energy storage system(BESS)flexibility is ***,we introduce distributionally robust chance constraints on network security and energy/carbon net-zero requirements,which form the upper and lower bounds of the feasible ***,the formulation and solution of the feasible region is *** resulting analytical expression is a set of linear inequalities,illustrating that the feasible region is a polyhedron in a high-dimensional space.A procedure is designed to verify and adjust the feasible region,ensuring that it satisfies network loss constraints under alternating current(AC)power *** studies on the 4-bus system,the IEEE 33-bus system,and the IEEE 123-bus system verify the effectiveness of the proposed *** is demonstrated that the proposed method fully captures the spatio-temporal coupling relationship among PVs,loads,and BESSs,while also quantifying the impact of this relationship on the boundaries of the feasible region.

关键词： Net-zero distribution system photovoltaic(PV)integration capacity feasible region battery energy storage system(BESS).

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Enhancing ionic conductivity of garnet-type Nb-doped Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)by cerium doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1740-1746,I0004页

作者： Daming Liu Yuan hou Chaoke Bulin Ruichao Zhao Bangwen Zhang Analytical and Testing Center Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China

We investigated the effect of additional doping with Ce on the ionic conductivity of the Nb-doped Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)garnet ceramics using a combination of experimental and modeling *** results indicate that Ce doping can alter lattice parameters of the LLZNO,leading to the enhanced lithium ionic *** Ce,Nb co-doped LLZO(LLZNCO)structure with composition Li_(6.5)La_(3)Zr_(1.5-x)Nb_(0.5)Ce_(x)O_(12)(x=0.125)exhibits a lower activation energy(E_(a)=0.39 eV)than Li_(6.5)La_(3)Zr_(1.5)Nb_(0.5)O_(12)(LLZNO)(E_(a)=0.41 eV).Furthermore,Ce doping leads to an increase in Li~+conductivity from 6.4×10^(-4)to 7×10^(-4)S/cm at room *** addition,we discuss the diffusivity and conductivity of our samples using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and propose possible mechanisms to explain the enhanced Li-ion conductivity caused by co-doping with Ce and *** results demonstrate that the LLZNCO ceramics are promising candidates for potential solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Rare earths Solid state electrolyte Ionic conductivity Doping

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Bald Eagle Search Optimization Algorithm Combined with Spherical Random Shrinkage Mechanism and Its Application

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 572-605页

作者： Wenyan Guo Zhuolin hou Fang Dai Xiaoxia Wang Yufan Qiang Department of Applied Mathematics School of ScienceXi'an University of TechnologyXian 710054ShaanxiChina

Over the last two decades,stochastic optimization algorithms have proved to be a very promising approach to solving a variety of complex optimization *** eagle search optimization(BES)as a new stochastic optimization algorithm with fast convergence speed has the ability of prominent optimization and the defect of collapsing in the local *** avoid BES collapse at local optima,inspired by the fact that the volume of the sphere is the largest when the surface area is certain,an improved bald eagle search optimization algorithm(INMBES)integrating the random shrinkage mechanism of the sphere is ***,the INMBES embeds spherical coordinates to design a more accurate parameter update method to modify the coverage and dispersion of the ***,the population splits into elite and non-elite groups and the Bernoulli chaos is applied to elite group to tap around potential solutions of the *** non-elite group is redistributed again and the Nelder-Mead simplex strategy is applied to each group to accelerate the evolution of the worst individual and the convergence process of the *** results of Friedman and Wilcoxon rank sum tests of CEC2017 in 10,30,50,and 100 dimensions numerical optimization confirm that the INMBES has superior performance in convergence accuracy and avoiding falling into local optimization compared with other potential improved algorithms but inferior to the champion algorithm and ranking *** three engineering constraint optimization problems and 26 real world problems and the problem of extracting the best feature subset by encapsulated feature selection method verify that the INMBES’s performance ranks first and has achieved satisfactory accuracy in solving practical problems.

关键词： Bald eagle search optimization algorithm Spherical coordinates Chaotic variation Simplex method Encapsulated feature selection

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Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Microchannel Heat Sink with Highly-Dense Micro-Jet Arrays

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1148-1160页

作者： ZHANG Yu CHEN Xiaoyan MIAO Lin CHEN Liang hou Yu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute Beijing100083China

This paper proposed a new structure of highly-dense micro-jet arrays for hybrid jet-impingement/microchannel heat sinks(~120 jet per cm^(2) with jet width of 0.35 mm).Parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of structure and flow parameters on the convective heat transfer of water jet cooling in confined *** simulation results show that the optimal jet width,jet spacing and impingement distance are around 0.2 mm,0.2 mm and 0.3 mm,respectively,which can achieve a low thermal resistance as well as a relatively low pressure *** analysis of the heat transfer pathways shows that the micro-fin jet structures can extend the impinging heat transfer area and conduct a considerable proportion of heat,which can reach up to 38.9%with the Reynolds number ranging from 797.1 to *** heat transfer characteristics in the heat sink will shift from impingement dominated heat transfer to the channel-convection dominated heat transfer as the jet impingement distance increases.A correlation is proposed to predict the average Nusselt number on the stagnation area for the heat sink with different structure parameters,and the deviations of predictions from the numerical results are less than 10%.

关键词： hybrid heat sink impingement microchannel thermal management high heat flux

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Grain-boundary segregation and grain growth in nanocrystalline substitutional solid solution alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 239-249页

作者： Fawei Tang Chao hou Hao Lu Zhi Zhao Xiaoyan Song Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsMinistry of Education of ChinaBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

A model for describing solute segregation at grain boundaries has been developed for substitutional solid solution alloys,which integrates multiple factors from atomic to microstructural scales.A concept of mo-lar Gibbs free energy of segregation was introduced to evaluate the segregating capability of the solute elements in a closed system,through which the influences of grain boundary structure,grain size,ma-terial composition,and external conditions were *** on the evaluation of various energy forms related to solute segregation and grain growth processes,the nature of the thermal stabilization of nanograin structures by solute segregation was disclosed.A criterion for the destabilization of nanostruc-tures,which is determined by the competition of the change rates between the molar Gibbs free energy of segregation and the total energy of grain boundaries with grain size,has been *** study provided guideline to achieve high-temperature stability of nanograin structures of solid solution alloys even for the weakly segregating nanocrystalline systems.

关键词： Substitutional solid solution Grain boundary segregation Thermal stabilization Solute concentration Grain size

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