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Carbon storage in evergreen broad-leaf forests in mid-subtropical region of China at four succession stages

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 677-682页

作者： ZENG zhangquan WANG Silong zhang Canming GONG chao hu qing huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil EcologyInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sci- ences hunan Academy of Forestry Hengshan Station of Forest Ecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

To better understand the effect of forest succession on carbon sequestration, we investigated carbon stock and allocation of evergreen broadleaf forest, a major zonal forest in subtropical China. We sought to quantify the carbon sequestration potential. We sampled four forest types, shrub （SR）, pine （Pinus massoniana） forest （PF）, pin~ and broadleaf mixed forest （Mr） and evergreen broadleaf forest （BF）. A regression equation was constructed using tree height and diameter at breast height （DBH） and elements of total tree biomass. The equation was subse- quently utilized to estimate tree carbon storage. The carbon storage of understory, litter, and soil was also estimated.

关键词： Biomass carbon Carbon allocation Carbon sequestration Soil organic carbon China subtropical forest

Interactions of dynamic supercritical CO_(2) fluid with different rank moisture-equilibrated coals: Implications for CO_(2) sequestration in coal seams

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第7期34卷 288-301页

作者： Zichao hu chao Li Dengfeng zhang Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective DevelopmentBeijing 100083China

The interactions between CO_(2) and coals during CO_(2)-ECBM(CO_(2) sequestration in deep coal seams with enhanced coal-bed methane recovery)could change pore morphology and chemistry property of coals,thereby affecting adsorption,diffusion and flow capability of CO_(2) and CH_(4) within coal *** simulate CO_(2)-ECBM process more practically,the dynamic interactions of supercritical CO_(2)(sc CO_(2))and moisture-equilibrated coals were performed at temperature of 318.15 K,pressure of 12.00 MPa,and duration of 12.00 *** impacts of the interactions on physicochemical properties of coals were *** indicate that sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O exposure shows minor effect on micropores of ***,the exposure significantly decreases the mesopore surface area of bituminous coals,while increases that of *** mesopore volume and the average mesopore diameter of all the coals after sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O exposure *** multi-fractal analysis verifies that the sc CO_(2) exposure can enhance the pore connectivity of various rank *** from the pore morphology,the exposure of sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O also affects the oxygenic functional groups on coal ***,the exposure of sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O reduces the content of CAO and C@O of *** content of COOH of low rank coals including Hehua-M2#coal,Zhongqiang-4#coal,Buliangou-9#coal and Tashan-5#coal decreases,while the high rank Laochang^(-1)1#coal and Kaiyuan-9#coal witness a growth in *** content of total oxygenic functional groups of all coals after interaction with sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O decreases;on the contrary,that of CAC/CAH of all coals after sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O exposure *** summary,the interaction with sc CO_(2)/H_(2)O significantly changes the pore system and oxygenic functional groups of various rank coals,which needs further attention regarding CO_(2)-ECBM.

关键词： Coal Sequestration Moisture Supercritical carbon dioxide Methane

Tuning d-spacing of graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt separation

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Rare Metals 2023年第2期42卷 418-429页

作者： chao Xing Chang-Yu Liu chao Lai Shan-qing zhang Center for Clean Environment and Energy School of Environment and ScienceGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversitySouthportQLD4222Australia School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences Wuyi UniversityJiangmen529020China

The interlayer spacing(i.e.,d-spacing)plays a crucial role in determining the selectivity and permeability of nanofiltration membranes.A high-throughput directional filtration can be achieved by designing and controlling the *** this study,the d-spacing of a graphene oxide(GO)membrane was tuned and fixed to the desired value(approximately 0.79 nm)using a solution of polyethyleneimine(PEI)and GO at a PEI/GO mass ratio of15:*** resultant PEI/GO was deposited on a polyacrylonitrile(PAN)substrate to form a robust composite nanofiltration membrane(a PEI/GO@PAN membrane).The as-prepared membrane exhibited an ultrahigh flux of117.8 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1),and the rejection values for Direct Red80(DR80)and Na_(2)SO_(4)reached 99.7%and<1.7%,respectively;these are desirable values for dye/salt *** PEI/GO@PAN membrane exhibited an excellent filtration performance,and had a longer lifespan and excellent reusability because of its reinforced *** work suggested that tuning the d-spacing with PEI would be an effective strategy to achieve the anticipated functions of nanofiltration membranes.

关键词： Separation Nanofiltration Graphene oxide Membrane d-spacing

Crust and Upper Mantle Density Structures beneath the Eastern Tianshan Region and Its Tectonic Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 828-838页

作者： Yiming Liu chao Chen qing Liang Zhengwang hu hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The deformation mechanisms of the Tianshan orogenic belt(TOB)are one of the most important unresolved issues in the collision of the Indian and Eurasian *** better understand the lithospheric deformation of the eastern Tianshan orogenic belt,we combined the S-wave tomography and gravity data to develop a three-dimensional(3D)density model of the crust and upper mantle beneath the eastern Tianshan *** show that the crust of the eastern Tianshan is mainly characterized by positive density anomalies,revealing widespread subduction-related magmatism during the *** however have also observed extensive low-density anomalies beneath the eastern Tianshan at depths deeper than~100 km,which is likely linked to a relatively hot *** most fundamental differences of the lithosphere within the eastern Tianshan occur in the uppermost *** uppermost mantle layers in the Bogda Shan and Harlik Shan are relatively *** is likely associated with an eclogite body in the uppermost *** most significant negative anomaly of the uppermost mantle is however found in the Jueluotage tectonic belt and the central Tianshan Block and is possibly associated with depleted mantle *** suggest that these differences related to compositional changes may control the strength of the lithospheric mantle and have affected the uplift of the northern and southern segments of the eastern Tianshan after the Permian.

关键词： constrained inversion gravity anomaly three-dimensional lithospheric density structure eastern Tianshan geodynamics geophysics.

Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol between Multiparty and Multiparty with Single Photons and Unitary Transformations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第6期27卷 13-15页

作者： Zhu Zhen-chao zhang Yu-qing Key Lab of Computer Networks and Information Security of Ministry of Education Xidian University Xi'an 710071 National Computer Network Intrusion Protection Center Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

In a recent paper [Chin. Phys. Lett 25（2008）1187], a quantum secret sharing scheme between multiparty and multiparty was presented. We show that the protocol is not secure because the last member in Alice＇s group can illegally obtain most secret messages without introducing any error. Finally, a possible way to avoid the security flaw is suggested.

关键词： Secretion Cryptanalysis Improvement of a Quantum

Influence of multiple structural parameters on interior ballistics based on orthogonal test methods

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 690-697页

作者： chao-bin hu Xiao-bing zhang School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Influence of multiple structural parameters on the performance of a gun launch system driven by highpressure reactive gases is important for structural design and performance adjustment.A coupled lumped parameter model was utilized to predict the propellant combustion,and a dynamic finite element method was applied to approximate the mechanical interactions between the projectile and the *** combustion and the mechanical interactions were coupled through a user subroutine interface in *** correctness and the capability of the finite element approximations in capturing small structural changes were validated by comparing predicted resistance with *** on the coupled model,the influence of structural parameters of a medium-caliber gun on the system performance was *** order to reduce the research costs,orthogonal tests were designed to investigate the comprehensive effects of the *** to statistical analysis,the important order of the structural parameters on the launching process was *** results indicate that the influence of the width of the rotating band stands out among the studied parameters in the *** work provides a method to investigate the influence of multiple parameters on system performance and gives guidance for controlling the system performance.

关键词： Multiple parameters Coupled model Combustion Sensitivity analysis Orthogonal test

Development of A Depth-Integrated Longshore Current Model with Unstructured Grids

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第5期30卷 718-732页

作者： CHEN chao zhang qing-he State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

A depth-integrated model for simulating wave-induced longshore current was developed with unstructured grids. Effects of surface roller and horizontal mixing under combined waves and currents were incorporated in the numerical model. Recommended values of model coefficients were also proposed based on sensitivity analysis. Field observations and three series of laboratory measurements including two cases conducted on the plane beach and one implemented on the ideal inlet were employed to examine the predictive capability of this model. For the field case and laboratory cases conducted on the plane beach, numerical results were compared favorably with the measured data. For the case with an ideal inlet, simulated circulation pattern is supposed to be reasonable although some deviations between numerical results and measured data still can be detected.

关键词： longshore current numerical model unstructured grids surface roller horizontal mixing

Efectiveness and petroleum geological signifcance of tectonic fractures in the ultra‑deep zone of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt:a case study of the Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in the Keshen gas feld

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Petroleum Science 2021年第3期18卷 728-741页

作者： Rong-hu zhang Ke Wang qing-Lu Zeng chao-Feng Yu Jun-Peng Wang PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100086China PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023ZhejiangChina

The buried depth of the gas-producing reservoir in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt of the Tarim Basin exceeds 6000 *** average matrix porosity of the reservoir is 5.5%,and the average matrix permeability is 0.128×10^(−3)μm^(2).In order to reveal the characteristics and efectiveness of ultra-deep fractures and their efects on reservoir properties and natural gas production,outcrops,cores,thin section,image logs and production testing data are used to investigate the efectiveness of tectonic fractures in ultra-deep reservoirs in the Kuqa foreland thrust zone,and the corresponding geological signifcance for oil and gas exploration and development are *** fractures in the thrust belt include EW-trending high-angle tensile fractures and NS-trending vertical shear *** former has a relatively high flling rate,while the latter is mostly ***-fractures are usually grain-piercing-through cracks with width of 10-100 *** the planar view,the efective fractures are concentrated in the high part and wing zones of the long axis of the anticline,and along the vertical direction,they are mainly found in the tensile fracture zone above the neutral *** adjustment fracture zone has the strongest vertical extension abilities and high efectiveness,followed by the nearly EW longitudinal tensile fracture zone,and the netted fracture zone with multiple dip *** efectiveness of fracture is mainly controlled by fracture aperture and flling *** fractures can increase reservoir permeability by 1-2 orders of *** higher part of the anticline is associated with high tectonic fracture permeability,which control enrichment and high production of natural *** netted vertical open fractures efectively communicate with pores and throats of the reservoir matrix,which forms an apparent-homogenous to medium-heterogeneous body that is seen with high production of natural gas sustained for a long term.

关键词： Fracture efectiveness Ultra-deep Reservoir Foreland thrust belt Kuqa depression Geological signifcance

Numerical Simulations of Coastal Overwash Using A Phase-Averaged Wave−Current−Sediment Transport Model

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第2期36卷 191-207页

作者： LI Song-zhe JI chao zhang qing-he CHEN Tong-qing State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringMinistry of TransportTianjin 300456China

Coastal overwash is a natural phenomenon that commonly occurs during storm events and can cause considerable changes in nearshore morphology within a short *** this study,a complete set of empirical overwash transport algorithms is developed and introduced into a phase-averaged wave-current-sediment transport coupling model that integrates the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model(FVCOM)and the Simulating Waves Nearshore(SWAN)*** resulting morphological evolution model can simulate coastal *** against the data obtained from multiple sets of laboratory overwash experiments demonstrates that the model performs relatively well in simulating morphological changes caused by runup overwash and inundation overwash under different hydrodynamic and beach profile *** sensitivity of each empirical coefficient in the overwash transport algorithms is comprehensively *** effects of each coefficient on the output of the model are discussed,and a recommended value range is provided for each coefficient.

关键词： wave-current coupling phase-averaged model overwash wave runup morphological evolution