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Projected increases in population exposure of daily climate extremes in eastern China by 2050

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第6期12卷 804-813页

作者： SUN Shao DAI Tan-Long WANG Zun-Ya CHOU Jie-Ming chao qing-chen SHI Pei-Jun Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of ColoradoBoulderCO80309USA Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Climate extremes pose severe threats to human health,economic stability and environmental sustainability,especially in densely populated *** is generally believed that global warming drives increase in frequency,intensity and duration of climate extremes,and socioeconomic exposure plays a dominant role in climate *** order to promote climate risk governance at regional level,the historical and projected trends in the population exposure to climate extremes are quantified in eastern China using downscaled climate simulations and population growth *** frequency of temperature extremes(tx35days)is projected to more than double by 2050 in nearly half of prefecture-level cities in eastern China,leading to an 81.8%increment of total exposure under SSP2-4.5 *** increasing trend is also detectable in the frequency of precipitation extremes(r20mm)in eastern China,and the exposure increment is projected to be 22.9%by 2050,with a near equivalent contributions of both climate change and population ***,temperature exposure mainly grows in southern Hebei,western Shandong and inland Guangdong provinces,while precipitation exposure raises principally in southeast coastal areas of *** on the historical baseline and projected amplification of population exposure,we identify some hotspot cities such as Guangzhou,Shanghai,Dongguan and Hangzhou that response to climate change dramatically and confront greater potential risk of climate extremes in the coming future.

关键词： Climate projection Extreme events Population exposure Future scenario Eastern China

南水北调西线工程水源区和受水区降水变化及丰枯遭遇特征分析

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气候变化研究进展 2024年第5期20卷 571-580页

作者：王荣杜孝忠巢清尘赵珊珊叶殿秀李修仓李莹张梦然中国气象局国家气候中心中国南水北调集团有限公司中国气象局水文气象重点开放实验室

基于规划中的南水北调西线工程区域内274个国家气象站1961—2022年逐日降水资料，分析了西线工程水源区和受水区年和四季降水量的时空分布特征，以及两区降水的丰枯遭遇特征。结果表明：近62年来，南水北调西线工程水源区年降水量总体... 详细信息

基于规划中的南水北调西线工程区域内274个国家气象站1961—2022年逐日降水资料，分析了西线工程水源区和受水区年和四季降水量的时空分布特征，以及两区降水的丰枯遭遇特征。结果表明：近62年来，南水北调西线工程水源区年降水量总体呈增多趋势，而受水区年降水量没有明显变化趋势；夏、冬季水源区和受水区降水量均增多，春、秋季水源区降水量增多而受水区降水量减少；年和春、夏、秋季水源区枯水频率均低于受水区枯水频率，并且水源区枯水频率呈减少趋势，而丰水频率呈增加趋势；水源区和受水区年和四季降水丰枯异步频率普遍在60%以上，远大于丰枯同步频率，有利调水的5种丰枯遭遇在年和春、夏、秋季发生频率均超过50%。总体而言，南水北调西线工程水源区和受水区的降水具有较强的丰枯补偿性，且1971年以来有利调水发生频次呈增加趋势，理论上存在保证供水的可能性。但水源区出现连续枯水年的频次较多。因此，在南水北调西线工程规划设计和运行调度时需充分考虑水源区和受水区降水的变化。

关键词：降水丰枯遭遇南水北调西线水源区受水区

Enhancement of comprehensive properties of Nb-Si based in-situ composites by Ho rare earth doping

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4508-4520页

作者： Wei Wei Qi Wang Rui-Run chen chao-Wen Zheng Yan-qing Su National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

This study examines the microstructure,mechanical properties(with a focus on room-temperature toughness),and oxidation resistance of Ho-doped NbDSi based in-situ *** base alloy consists of the coarse primary Nb_(5)Si_(3)phase and the Nb_(5)Si_(3)+Nbss(Nb solid solution)eutectic *** doping influences the solidification *** the Ho doping is higher than0.2 at%,the alloys transform into eutectic *** can be solid-solved in trace amounts in the Nbss ***,most of Ho forms a stable Ho oxide phase,which alleviates oxygen contamination problem to some ***,the interface separation between Ho oxide and other phases reduces the plastic deformation ***,with 0.4 at%Ho doping,the K_(Q)value is18.03 MPa·m^(1/2),which is 31.1%higher than that of the base *** strength of the Ho-doped alloys does not deteriorate with an increase in ***,the large network-like Ho_(2)O_(3)in the 0.8Ho alloy causes a decrease in toughness and *** addition,the Ho oxide phase effectively blocks the inward oxygen *** 0.8 at%Ho doping,the oxidation mass gain per unit area is 10.16 mg·cm^(2),which is 39.7%lower than that of the base alloy.

关键词： Nb-Si based composites Rare earth elements Ho Microstructure Properties

Role of adaptation measures in addressing heatwave exposure in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 148-157页

作者： Qin-Mei HAN qing-chen chao Shao SUN Pei-Jun SHI National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratoryof Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 0o08lChina Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Heatwave exposure has increased dramatically because of climate warming and population growth,along with their interactive ***,effective adaptation measures can reduce these ***,the dynamic changes,regional inequality in adaptive capacity and their potential contributions to reducing exposure in the future remain *** study quantifies the impact of adaptive capacity and underscores regional variations in heatwave magnitudes,population exposure and adaptation levels in *** projected the future adaptive capacity using air-conditioner penetration,factoring in climate cooling requirements and individuals'purchasing *** population and gross domestic product(GDP)data from four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP1,SSP2,SSP3 and SSP5)and daily temperature data from four SSP-based emission scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5),we estimated heatwave duration,population exposure and avoided impacts through adaptation across China and its *** show a substantial increase in heatwave duration in Southwest and Southern China,especially under the SSP5-8.5 scenario,with a projection of 163.2±36.7 d during *** the SSP3|SSP3-7.0 scenario,total exposure reaches 156.4±76.8 billion person d per year,which is the highest among all scenarios and 23 times greater than that in 1986-2005 without *** considering adaptation measures,a noteworthy reduction in population exposure is observed,especially in the SSP3|SSP3-7.0 and SSP5JSSP5-8.5 scenarios,with reductions of(62.6±3.9)%and(65.8±5.1)%,respectively,compared with the scenario without adaptation during *** regional disparities in avoided impacts are also evident,with variations of up to 50%across different *** implementation of effective and environmentally friendly adaptation measures can notably address climate change,thereby alleviating the profound threats posed to human well-being.

关键词： Heatwaves Population exposure Adaptation Future projection China

A data-driven approach for predicting the fatigue life and failure mode of self-piercing rivet joints

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第3期12卷 538-555页

作者： Jian Wang Qiu-Ren chen Li Huang chen-Di Wei chao Tong Xian-Hui Wang qing Liu Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094People’s Republic of China Material Academy JitriSuzhou215100JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009People’s Republic of China Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215123JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

In lightweight automotive vehicles,the application of self-piercing rivet(SPR)joints is becoming increasingly *** the importance of automotive service performance,the fatigue performance of SPR joints has received considerable ***,this study proposes a data-driven approach to predict the fatigue life and failure modes of SPR *** dataset comprises three specimen types:cross-tensile,cross-peel,and *** ensure data consistency,a finite element analysis was employed to convert the external loads of the different *** selection was implemented using various machine-learning algorithms to determine the model *** Gaussian process regression algorithm was used to predict fatigue life,and its performance was compared with different kernel functions commonly used in the *** results revealed that the Matern kernel exhibited an exceptional predictive capability for fatigue *** the data points,95.9%fell within the 3-fold error band,and the remaining 4.1%exceeded the 3-fold error band owing to inherent dispersion in the fatigue *** predict the failure location,various tree and artificial neural network(ANN)models were *** findings indicated that the ANN models slightly outperformed the tree *** ANN model accurately predicts the failure of joints with varying dimensions and ***,minor deviations were observed for the joints with the same ***,this data-driven approach provided a reliable predictive model for estimating the fatigue life and failure location of SPR joints.

关键词： Self-piercing rivet(SPR)joints Fatigue life prediction Failure mode prediction Machine learning

Progress on gas-solid phase photoreactor and its application in CO_(2) reduction

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 290-306页

作者： Litian Liu Yunlong Li Jialun He qing Wang Juan Deng Xiao chen chao Yu School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China

The burgeoning field of photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)has emerged as a remarkable promising solution to address some of the most pressing global energy and environmental issues which we face *** around the global have been striving to augment the efficiency of CO_(2)photocatalytic reduction,employing strategies that range from modifying the fundamental properties of photocatalysts to suppress the electron-hole recombination,optimizing reaction conditions to achieve the highest yield,and conceptualizing and constructing photoreactors to improve the adsorption *** these factors,the photoreactor plays a critical role in enhancing the overall photocatalytic *** the various types of photoreactors and their operational dynamic can significantly influence the experimental design,thus guiding the data collecting and *** to the solid-liquid phase,gas-solid phase photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)is gaining recognition for its potential advantages,such as rapid molecular diffusion rates,adjustable CO_(2)concentrations,and uniform and sufficient light ***,the currently reported gas-solid phase photoreactors are still in their *** this review,we dissect the underlying mechanism of photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction and the performance evaluation criteria of photoreactors,and review the development process of gas-solid phase ***,we explore the evolution of gas-solid phase photoreactors,elucidating their growth trajectory and future *** present a comprehensive classification of gas-solid phase photoreactors,offering a new insight into their design and functionality,summarizing their strengths and inevitable ***,we provide a forward-looking perspective on the future developmental prospects of carbon neutrality.

关键词： Photoreactor Gas-solid phase Carbon dioxide reduction Photocatalysis

Predicting fatigue life of automotive adhesive bonded joints:a data-driven approach using combined experimental and numerical datasets

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第3期12卷 522-537页

作者： chen-Di Wei Qiu-Ren chen Min chen Li Huang Zhong-Jie Yue Si-Geng Li Jian Wang Li chen chao Tong qing Liu School of Advanced Technology Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215123People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009People’s Republic of China Material Academy JITRISuzhou215100People’s Republic of China Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094People’s Republic of China

The majority of vehicle structural failures originate from joint *** loading is one of the primary factors in joint failures,making the fatigue performance of joints a critical consideration in vehicle structure *** use of traditional fatigue analysis methods is constrained by the absence of adhesive life data and the wide variety of joint ***,there is a pressing need for an accurate fatigue life estimation method for the joints in the automotive *** this work,we proposed a data-driven approach embedding physical knowledge-guided parameters based on experimental data and finite element analysis(FEA)*** machine learning(ML)algorithms are adopted to investigate the fatigue life of three typical adhesive joints,namely lap shear,coach peel and KSII *** the feature engineering and tuned process of the ML models,the preferable model using the Gaussian process regression algorithm is established,fed with eight input parameters,namely thicknesses of the substrates,line forces and bending moments of the adhesive bonded joints obtained from *** proposed method is validated with the test data set and part-level physical tests with complex loading states for an unbiased *** demonstrates that for life prediction of adhesive joints,the data-driven solutions can constitute an improvement over conventional solutions.

关键词： Fatigue life Adhesive bonded joints Finite element analysis(FEA) Machine learning(ML)

Will the 2022 compound heatwaveedrought extreme over the Yangtze River Basin become Grey Rhino in the future?

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 547-556页

作者： Ai-qing FENG qing-chen chao Lu-Lu LIU Ge GAO Guo-Fu WANG Xue-Jun ZHANG Qi-Guang WANG China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038China China Meteorological Administration Training Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The increasingly frequent and severe regional-scale compound heatwave-drought extreme events(CHDEs),driven by global warming,present formidable challenges to ecosystems,residential livelihoods,and economic ***,uncertainty persists regarding the future trend of CHDEs and their insights into regional spatiotemporal *** integrating daily meteorological data from observations in 1961-2022 and global climate models(GCMs)based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways,the evolution patterns of CHDEs were compared and examined among three sub-catchments of the Yangtze River Basin,and the return periods of CHDE in 2050s and 210Os were *** findings indicate that the climate during the 2022 CHDE period was the warmest and driest recorded in 1961-2022,with precipitation less than 154.5 mm and a mean daily maximum temperature 3.4°C higher than the average of 1981-2010,whereas the char-acteristics in the sub-catchments exhibited temporal and spatial *** July-August 2022,the most notable feature of CHDE was its extremeness since 1961,with return periods of~200-year in upstream,80-year in midstream,and 40-year in downstream,*** 2050,the return periods witnessed 2022 CHDE would likely be reduced by *** towards 2100,under the highest emission scenario of SSP585,it was projected to substantially increase the frequency of CHDEs,with return periods reduced to one-third in the upstream and downstream,as well as halved in the *** findings provide valuable insights into the changing risks associated with forthcoming climate extremes,emphasizing the urgency of addressing these challenges in regional management and sustainable development.

关键词： Compound extreme event Joint return period Drought Heatwave Climate change Yangtze River Basin

Cascade electrolysis and thermocatalysis: a reliable system for upgrading C1 to C4 hydrocarbons

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 410-412页

作者： chao-Yue Sun Wen Li Hai-qing Wang Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China

The carbon cycle is important for maintaining a stable climate and carbon balance on Earth. Renewable-electricitydriven upcycling of carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) into value-added multi-carbon molecules is a potentially sus... 详细信息

关键词： cycling hydrocarbons enable