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Evolution of desertification in a two-dimensional energy balance model coupled with thermodynamics and dynamics

Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1726-1733页

作者： chao {{1.& li yaokun3,4 1.ational marine environmental forecasting center, beijing 1.0081. china 2First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061. china 3State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 1.0029, china 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 1.0049, china 1. National marine {1. forecasting center Beijing 100081 China2. First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China3. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The relationship between desert evolution and change in albedo has been investigated quasi-analytically using a zonal mean two-dimensional energy balance model which considers the radiation transmission process due to thermodynamics and bound- ary layer movement caused by kinetics. A climate state including temperature, zonal wind, meridional wind and vertical wind can be simulated according to the current zonal distribution of albedo. Given desert distribution, characterized by the value and distribution of albedo, the response of climate on albedo has been studied to analyze the evolution of desert climate. One significant result is that the simple model can reproduce mean meridional circulation. Another result indicates that climate corresponds to two equilibria. This happens when the junction temperature between vegetation and desert is higher than a certain critical value. As for the first equilibrium, the desert belt is predicted to move southward in the northern hemisphere with the increasing values of albedo, which corresponds to the current trend of climate change. For the second equilibrium, vegetation will expand northward with increasing values of albedo, which would indicate a narrowing of the desert belt. In order to determine if the two equilibria exist, new physical models are needed.

关键词： two-dimensional energy balance model desertification two equilibria

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