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Epidemiology, genetics and treatments for myopia

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第6期4卷 658-669页

作者： Lei Yu, chang-tai xu Department of Ophthalmology Xi'an Fourth Municipal People's Hospital Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China Department of Respiratory Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China Department of Anatomy and Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China

Myopia is a significant public health problem and its prevalence is increasing over time and genetic factors in disease development are important. The prevalence and incidence of myopia within sampled population often varies with age, country, sec race, ethnicity, occupation, environment, and other factors. Myopia growth is under a combination of genes and their products in time and space to complete the coordination role of the guidance. Myopia-related genes include about 70 genetic loci to which primary myopias have been mapped, although the number is constantly increasing and depends to some extent on definition. Of these, several are associated with additional abnormalities, mostly as part of developmental syndromes. These tend to result from mutations in genes encoding transcriptional activators, and most of these have been identified by sequencing candidate genes in patients with developmental anomalies. Currently, collagen alpha-1 chain of type I(COL1A1), collagen alpha-1 chain of type II(COL2A1), actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1), paired box gene 6 (PAX6) and NIPBL (nipped-B homolog), and so on have been mapped. Myopia is most commonly treated with spectacles or glasses. The most common surgical procedure performed to correct myopia is laser keratomileusis (LASIK). This review of the recent advances on epidemiology, genetic locations and treatments of myopia are summarized.

关键词： myopia refractive error refractive correction epidemiology genes genetics treatment

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Development of biomedical publications on ametropia research in PubMed from 1845 to 2010:a bibliometric analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： chang-tai xu, Bo-Rong Pan Department of Anatomy and Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China Outpatient Department Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi Province China Department of Vascular Endocrine Surgery Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China Outpatient Department of Oncology Institute of Tumour Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China

We have carried out a bibliometric analysis on the development of ametropia literature to determine its growth rule and tendency, and to provide the basis for the problems related to ametropia research. Literatures that contained the descriptors of ametropia in title or paper published before Nov. 10, 2010 in PubMed databases (***/Pubmed) were selected. As bibliometric indicators of ametropia, biomedical journals referring to ophthalmology by ISSN were calculated. The principal bibliometric indicators: Price's and Bradford's laws were applied on the increase or dispersion of scientific literature, the participation index of languages and the journals. By means of manual coding, literatures were classified according to documents study and statistical analysis. The literatures cited in ametropia, astigmatism, myopia and hypermetropia had accumulated to 26475, which consists of Review (n =1560), Randomized Controlled Trial (n =776), Practice Guideline (n =10), Meta-Analysis (n=23), Letter (n=1222), Editorial (n =328), Clinical Trial ( n =1726) and Others (n=20830); and Humans (n=23073), Animals (n=1434) and Others ( n=1968). 1136 literatures were included in PubMed Central, 22384 in MEDLINE and 2955 in others. The ametropia literatures rose every 5 years which of the ametropia-year cumulated amount of the literatures had three periods: before 1900, slowly increasing from 1901 to 1950, rapidly rising from 1951 to 2010 (increased approximate exponentiation exponent). Sixty kinds of languages were listed in PubMed databases, of which English was dominant for aborting to ametropia research documents before 2010 (77.32%, 20471/26475). The document language of top eight accounted for 95.58% (English, German, French, Japanese, Russian, Italian, Spanish, Chinese), and others for 4.42% (1171/26475). The SCI database includes 48 ophthalmologic journals and the impact factor of 39 journals is >= 1 on Thomson-Reuters in 2010. Of 48 ophthalmologic journals, there w

关键词： bibliometric analysis biomedical publications ametropia journal literature

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Epidemiology and gene markers of ulcerative colitis in the Chinese

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 788-803页

作者： Jun Yun chang-tai xu Bo-Rong Pan Department of General Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 ShaanxiProvince China Editorial Department Journalof Fourth Military Medical University Fourth Military MedicalUniversity Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Province China

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） includes two similar yet distinct conditions called ulcerative colitis （UC） and Crohn＇s disease （CD）. These diseases affect the digestive system and cause the inflammation of intestinal tissue, form sores and bleed easily. Most children with IBD are diagnosed in late childhood and adolescence. However, both UC and CD have been reported as early as in infancy. Most information pertaining to the epidemiology of IBD is based upon adult studies. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramping, fatigue and diarrhea. Genetic factors play a significant role in determining IBD susceptibility. Epidemiological data support a genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of IBD. Recently, numerous new genes have been identified as being involved in the genetic susceptibility to IBD： TNF- 308A, CARD15 （NOD2）, MIF-173, N-acetyltransferase 2 （NAT2）, NKG2D （natural killer cell 2D）, STAT6 （signal transducer and activator of transcription 6）, CTLA-4 （cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4）, MICA-MICB （major histocompatibility complex A and B）, HLA-DRB1, HLA class-Ⅱ, IL-18, IL-4, MICA-A5, CD14, TI R4, Fas-670, p53 and NF-kB. The characterization of these novel genes has the potential to identify therapeutic agents and aid clinical assessment of phenotype and prognosis in patients with IBD （UC and CD）.

关键词： Genetic Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Epidemiology Susceptibility Gene

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Reliability ensemble averaging reduces surface wind speed projection uncertainties in the 21st century over China

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Advances in Climate change Research 2024年第2期15卷 222-229页

作者： Zheng-tai ZHANG chang-Ai xu Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Accurate prediction of future surface wind speed(SWS)changes is the basis of scientific planning for wind *** studies have projected SWS changes in the 21st century over China on the basis of the multi-model ensemble(MME)of the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).However,the simulation capability for SWS varies greatly in CMIP6 multi-models,so the MME results still have large *** this study,we used the reliability ensemble averaging(REA)method to assign each model different weights according to their performances in simulating historical SWS changes and project the SWS under different shared socioeconomic pathways(SSPs)in *** results indicate that REA considerably improves the SWS simulation capacity of CMIP6,eliminating the overestimation of SWS by the MME and increasing the simulation capacity of spatial *** spatial correlations with observations increased from 0.56 for the MME to 0.85 for ***,REA could eliminate the overestimation of the SWS by 33%in *** for southeastern China,the SWS generally decreases over China in the near term(2020-2049)and later term(2070-2099),particularly under high-emission *** SWS reduction projected by REA is twice as high as that by the MME in the near term,reaching-4%to-3%.REA predicts a larger area of increased SWS in the later term,which expands from southeastern China to eastern *** study helps to reduce the projected SWS uncertainties.

关键词： Surface wind speed Uncertainty Multi-model ensemble Reliability ensemble averaging CMIP6

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Effect of erythromycin on gastric emptying

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1996年第1期2卷 53-57页

作者： chang-tai xu Bo-Rong Pan chang-tai xu Physician-in-Charge having 65 papers and 2 books published currently Director of the Department of Gastroenterology and Haematology Air Force 473 Hospital Lanzhou 730070 Gansu Province China Bo-Rong Pan Professor of Internal Medicine Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an 710033 Shanxi Province China

INTRODUCTIONMotility is a general term that embraces allmovements of the gastrointestinal tract,such as con-tractions of smooth muscle,the intralumunal pres-sures,and the transit of chyme throughout *** movements are modified by the actionsof specialized segments of the intestine and thesphincters,and the whole is integrated by neural andhumoral levels of *** is best understoodteleologically,*** a process that facilitates theother,more fundamental functions of the *** has three major functions:

关键词： Erythromycin Gastric emptying

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Current treatment for inflammatory bowel disease

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世界感染杂志 2003年第1期3卷 55-61,70页

作者： chang-tai xu Xiue-gan Guo Bo-rong Pan Editorial Department of the Journal Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032 Shaanxi Provience China Gastroenterology Center and Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Provience China Oncology Center Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi Provience China

Introduction Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease consists of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). CD can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus, and is also known a... 详细信息

关键词：功能性肠疾病诊断治疗药物不良反应 CD 酸炎证肠

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0^(--) hidden-heavy tetraquark states via QCD sum rules

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 50-59页

作者： Bing-Dong Wan Hong-tai xu Department of Physics Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029China Center for Theoretical and Experimental High Energy Physics Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029China

In this study,we evaluated the mass spectra of the prospective 0^(--) hidden-charm and hidden-bottom tetraquark states in molecular configuration via QCD sum *** our calculation,the nonperturbative condensate contributions are considered up to dimension eight in operator product *** is found that there could exist 4possible 0^(--) hidden-charm tetraquark states with masses(4.68±0.07),(4.22±0.09),(4.53±0.09),and(4.26±0.13) *** corresponding hidden-bottom partners are found lying at(11.04±0.10),(10.71±0.12),(11.09±0.10),and(11.82±0.14) GeV,*** possible tetraquark decay modes were analyzed,which are expected to be measured in BESⅢ,BELLEⅡ,and LHCb experiments.

关键词： exotic hadronic states QCD sum rules tetraquarks

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Thermal and hydrological processes in permafrost slope wetlands affect thermosyphon embankment stability

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Advances in Climate change Research 2024年第4期15卷 680-694页

作者： Bo-Wen tai Qing-Bai WU Xiao-Ming xu State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

To ensure the long-term service performance of infrastructure such as railways,highways,airports and oil pipelines built on permafrost slope wetland sites,it is imperative to systematically uncover the long-term heat-water changes of soil in slope wetlands environment under climate *** specifically,considering valuable field data from 2001 to 2019,the long-term heat and water changes in active layers of the slope wetland site along the Qinghai-Xizang Railway(QXR)are illustrated,the effect of thermosyphon measures in protecting the permafrost environment is evaluated,and the influences of climate warming and hydrological effects on the stability of slope wetland embankments are systematically *** permafrost at the slope wetland site is rapidly degrading,demonstrating a reduction in active layer thickness of>3.7 cm per year and a permafrost temperature warming of>0.006℃ per *** thermosiphon embankment developed by QXR has a specific cooling period;thus,to mitigate the long-term impacts of climate warming on the thermal stability of permafrost foundation,it is essential to implement strengthening measures for the thermosiphon embankment,such as adding a crushed-rock layer or sunshade board on the slope of thermosiphon embankment to creating a composite cooling ***-term seasonal groundwater seepage intensifies frost damage to the slope wetland embankment,while long-term seasonal supra-permafrost water and groundwater seepage exacerbates uneven transverse deformation of slope wetland ***-term climate warming and slope effects have altered the surface water and groundwater hydrological processes of slope wetlands,potentially leading to an increased occurrence of slope embankment *** results are crucial for improving our understanding of heat and water variation processes in the active layer of slope wetland sites located in permafrost regions and ensuring long-term service safety for the QXR.

关键词： Heat and water process Active layer Slope wetland Permafrost environment Thermosyphon embankment

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The unique spontaneous polarization property and application of ferroelectric materials in photocatalysis

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3571-3585页

作者： Jinghua An chang xu Lu Li Bo Tang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular and Nano ProbesMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in University of ShandongInstitute of Molecular and Nano ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Laoshan Laboratory 168 Wenhai Middle RdAoshanwei JimoQingdao 266237China

The unique spontaneous polarization property of ferroelectric material makes it to be a special catalyst in *** spontaneous polarization property can induce the formation of built-in electric field,which can improve the separation of photoelectrons and holes to affect photocatalytic *** internal electric field induced by spontaneous polarization can be influenced by multiple factors such as the morphology,the concentration of defect,the type of doped heteroatoms,as well as the composition of ***,the preparation method,pretreating temperature,the strength of prepolarized external electric field of ferroelectric-based photocatalysts as well as the strength of external mechanical force or external magnetic field in photocatalytic reactions can influence the photocatalytic effectivity via influencing spontaneous polarization-induced internal electric ***,it is urgently to unveil the mystery of structure-activity relationships for ferroelectric materials-based photocatalysts,which is usually *** this in mind,this review was provided for the role of various complex influencing factors on ferroelectric materials-based photocatalysis based on the latest advancement in the fields of new energy development,environmental *** the beginning,the basic structure and properties of ferroelectric material are ***,popular synthesis methods of ferroelectric-based photocatalysts are *** that,two main mechanisms of ferroelectric photocatalysis are *** research progress of ferroelectric photocatalysis is then given emphatically according to the classification of photocatalytic ***,the problems existing nowadays and the challenges facing in the future on the application of ferroelectric materials-based photocatalysts are outlined in the summary and outlook section.

关键词： spontaneous polarization photocatalysis ferroelectric separation of electrons and holes

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NOX4 promotes tumor progression through the MAPK-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 axis in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1421-1436页

作者： Yu-Jie xu Ya-chang Huo Qi-tai Zhao Jin-Yan Liu Yi-Jun Tian Lei-Lei Yang Yi Zhang Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople’s Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450003Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming plays a key role in cancer progression and clinical outcomes;however,the patterns and primary regulators of metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer(CRC)are not well *** To explore the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4(NOX4)in promoting progression of *** We evaluated the expression and function of dysregulated and survival-related metabolic genes using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and *** clustering was used to cluster CRC based on dysregulated metabolic genes.A prediction model was constructed based on survival-related metabolic *** formation,migration,invasion,proliferation,apoptosis and clone formation was used to evaluate the biological function of NOX4 in *** sequencing was utilized to explore the alterations of gene expression NOX4 over-expression tumor *** vivo subcutaneous and lung metastasis mouse tumor model was used to explore the effect of NOX4 on tumor *** We comprehensively analyzed 3341 metabolic genes in CRC and identified three clusters based on dysregulated metabolic *** these genes,NOX4 was highly expressed in tumor tissues and correlated with worse *** vitro,NOX4 overexpression induced clone formation,migration,invasion,and stemness in CRC ***,RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that NOX4 overexpression activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling ***,a MEK1/2 inhibitor,abolished the NOX4-mediated tumor *** vivo,NOX4 overexpression promoted subcutaneous tumor growth and lung metastasis,whereas trametinib treatment can reversed the *** Our study comprehensively analyzed metabolic gene expression and highlighted the importance of NOX4 in promoting CRC metastasis,suggesting that trametinib could be a potential therapeutic drugs of CRC clinical therapy targeting NOX4.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metabolic reprogramming Metastasis Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling

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