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错位与归位:“平衡论”视角下环评告知承诺制审批改革

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黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报 2024年第5期37卷 56-62页

作者：苏阳吴满昌昆明理工大学法学院云南昆明650500

随着“放管服”改革的推进,环评审批在行政基础理论指导下呈现由“管理”到“控权”的转变,其中环评告知承诺制审批改革就是“控权”下的产物。但在改革过程中由于跨度较大,出现了“揠苗助长”的现象。主要表现在地方政府将效率价值置... 详细信息

随着“放管服”改革的推进,环评审批在行政基础理论指导下呈现由“管理”到“控权”的转变,其中环评告知承诺制审批改革就是“控权”下的产物。但在改革过程中由于跨度较大,出现了“揠苗助长”的现象。主要表现在地方政府将效率价值置于环境价值之上,使变革行为与环评制度的设计初衷发生了错位,打破了“管”与“控”间的平衡,突破了环评制度预防功能的底线。作为一项行政审批,环评告知承诺制审批改革既要把控“管理”的边界,同时也要把控“控权”的边界,遵循“平衡论”。实施“折衷审查”能够维持“管”与“控”间的平衡,避免环评审批改革从一个极端走向另一个极端。

关键词：环评告知承诺制平衡论折衷审查

Influence of temperature on performance of anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 810-815页

作者： ZHANG Ji-shi SUN Ke-wei WU man-chang ZHANG Lei National Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Resource Recovery Kunming 650033 China Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China

The influence of temperature on the performance of anaerobic reactors for treating the organic fraction of municipal sohd waste （OFMSW） was studied. Batch digestion of OFMSW was carded out for 32 d at different temperature （25℃, 35℃, 45℃ and 55℃） conditions for total solid concentrations （TS） 17% with the ratio of total organic carbon to nitrogen （C/N） being, 25：1 respectively, while keeping other parameters constant such as inoculum, start-up pH, reactor volume （2 L） and so on. Temperature can influence the methanogenic bacteria activity, accordingly inhibiting the OFMSW biodegradation and stabilization efficiency. Anaerobic reactors excelled at TS reduction, total volatile solid reduction, chemical oxygen demand reduction, increasing cumulative biogas production, whose rate was at temperature （35℃ and 55℃） conditions. Methane concentration in the biogas was above 65% in four reactors. In addition, the fluctuation of temperatures resulted in the biogas production variation. The data obtained indicated that temperature had a significant influence on anaerobic process.

关键词： municipal solid waste anaerobic digestion batch processing temperature

孕早期外周血PAF、 PAPP-A对PE发病的影响

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医学检验与临床 2024年第4期35卷 29-32页

作者：王静霞常晓曼王姗姗河南省第二人民医院妇产科河南郑州451100

目的:探究孕早期(孕9~13+6周)外周血血小板活化因子(PAF)、妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)对子痫前期(Preeclampsia,PE)发病的影响。方法:选取2021年5月-2022年12月我院收治的170例孕早期PE患者为观察组,另选取同期170例健康妊娠孕早期孕妇为对... 详细信息

目的:探究孕早期(孕9~13+6周)外周血血小板活化因子(PAF)、妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)对子痫前期(Preeclampsia,PE)发病的影响。方法:选取2021年5月-2022年12月我院收治的170例孕早期PE患者为观察组,另选取同期170例健康妊娠孕早期孕妇为对照组,于孕早期留取外周血样本,检测比较两组一般资料、血清PAF、PAPP-A水平,分析PE发病的影响因素,受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析血清PAF、PAPP-A对PE发病的预测价值,比较不同程度PE血清PAF、PAPP-A水平,采用Spearman相关性分析PE患者血清PAF、PAPP-A水平与病情程度关系。结果:两组舒张压、收缩压、24h尿蛋白定量(24hUpro)、血清PAF、PAPP-A水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析发现,舒张压、收缩压、24hUpro、血清PAF、PAPP-A是PE发病的危险因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,血清PAF、PAPP-A联合预测PE发病的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.934,敏感度、特异度分别为91.76%、80.00%,高于单一指标预测(P<0.05);重度PE患者血清PAF高于PE患者,血清PAPP-A低于PE患者(P<0.05);PE病情程度与血清PAF水平呈正相关,与血清PAPP-A水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:PAF、PAPP-A参与PE发生发展过程,且在预测PE发病及评估PE病情程度方面具有较高临床价值。

关键词：子痫前期孕早期血小板活化因子妊娠相关蛋白A 影响因素

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骨性关节炎软骨细胞铁死亡机制的研究进展

宁夏医科大学学报 2024年第9期46卷 964-969页

作者：王文鹏袁昂李俊常满陈德胜宁夏回族自治区人民医院骨科银川750002 宁夏医科大学第三临床医学院银川750002

目前对骨性关节炎的治疗主要为抗炎止痛、矫正畸形等对症治疗,对因治疗方案尚欠缺。软骨细胞的程序性死亡和软骨退化与骨性关节炎的发生发展密切相关。近年来,铁死亡作为新发现的细胞程序性死亡广受关注。研究者针对软骨细胞铁死亡,对... 详细信息

目前对骨性关节炎的治疗主要为抗炎止痛、矫正畸形等对症治疗,对因治疗方案尚欠缺。软骨细胞的程序性死亡和软骨退化与骨性关节炎的发生发展密切相关。近年来,铁死亡作为新发现的细胞程序性死亡广受关注。研究者针对软骨细胞铁死亡,对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)铁死亡抵抗途径、铁代谢途径、脂质过氧化、核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor2,Nrf-2)/一氧化碳氧化酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)通路、有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)/核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)通路等相互联系的铁死亡机制进行了深入的研究。通过干预软骨细胞铁死亡相关的信号通路和分子,可能有望减缓软骨退化的进程,甚至为骨性关节炎的治疗提供新的治疗靶点。

关键词：骨性关节炎铁死亡软骨细胞 GPX4

Analysis of Allergens in 5473 Patients with Allergic Diseases in Harbin, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期26卷 886-893页

作者： chang man Li SHAO Bing LIU Yan Hong LI Lu Lu PEI Li Chun WANG Bin You Department of Molecular Epidemiology Harbin Medical University Department of Laboratory Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Department of Geriatrics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Objective To analyze the allergic status to common inhalant allergens and food allergens in clinical patients in Harbin in northeastern China and provide evidence to develop the prevention strategy of allergic disease. Methods The data were collected from 5 473 patients with clinical suspected allergic diseases seeking medical care in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Among these patients, 2 530 （46.2%） were males aged 0-86 years, the youngest was only 1 month old and 2 579 （47.1%） were young children and teenagers. The serum specific Immunoglobulin E （slgE） to 14 kinds of common allergens and serum total IgE were detected by using AllergyScreen test （Mediwiss Analytic GmbH, Moers, Germany）. Results In 5 473 subjects the positive rate of slgE was 33.1% （n=1 813）. Cow milk （6.9%） and wheat （3.1%） were the most common food allergens, followed by house dust mite mix （12.5%） and mould mix （9.4%） and the age and gender specific differences in the positive rate were significant. For the children aged 〈7 years the positive rates to cow milk, beef-mutton, and egg white/egg yolk were high, but the positive rates to house dust mite mix, ragweed estragon, and mould mix were low （P〈0.05）. For the adults the positive rates to aeroallergens were high while the rates to food allergens were low. Conclusion The results from this study showed that the food allergens in Harbin had geographic characteristics, which support the viewpoint that the environment factors play an important role in the incidence of allergic diseases. Also, the detection of slgE and total IgE are essential to identify relevant allergens for the purpose of early diagnosis, management and prevention of allergic disease.

关键词： Aeroallergens Food allergens Specific IgE Harbin China

In vivo observation of cerebral microcirculation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 456-462页

作者： Xiao-mei Yang Xu-hao Chen Jian-fei Lu chang-man Zhou Jing-yan Han Chun-hua Chen Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology Peking University Health Science Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Tasly Microcirculation Research Center Peking University Health Science Center

Acute brain injury caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage is the major cause of poor prognosis. The pathology of subarachnoid hemorrhage likely involves major morphological changes in the microcirculation. However, previous studies primarily used fixed tissue or delayed injury models. Therefore, in the present study, we used in vivo imaging to observe the dynamic changes in cerebral microcirculation after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced by perforation of the bifurcation of the middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries in male C57/BL6 mice. The diameter of pial arterioles and venules was measured by in vivo fluorescence microscopy at different time points within 180 minutes after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral blood flow was examined and leukocyte adhesion/albumin extravasation was determined at different time points before and after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral pial microcirculation was abnormal and cerebral blood flow was reduced after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acute vasoconstriction occurred predominantly in the arterioles instead of the venules. A progressive increase in the number of adherent leukocytes in venules and substantial albumin extravasation were observed between 10 and 180 minutes after subarachnoid hemorrhage. These results show that major changes in microcirculation occur in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Our findings may promote the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the early treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

关键词： nerve regeneration subarachnoid hemorrhage microcirculation disturbance leukocyte adhesion albumin extravasation cerebral blood flow vasoconstriction early brain injury neural regeneration

Sequence structure controllable polymerization-induced self-assembly

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 390-397页

作者： Zi-Xuan chang Ren-man Zhu Chun-Yan Hong Wen-Jian Zhang Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)combines synthesis and self-assembly of artificial polymers in one-pot,which brings us one step closer to emulating ***,the reported PISA formulations primarily focus on developing nano-objects with new chemical compositions and rarely on structural regulation of polymers with specific ***,sequence structure controllable polymerization-induced self-assembly(SCPISA)is reported by using 7-(2-methacryloyloxyethoxy)-4-methylcoumarin(CMA)as a *** the copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA)and CMA,controlled incorporation of CMA units into the polymer chains can be realized by programmable light/heat ***-based P(HEMA-co-CMA)copolymers with the same composition but different sequence structures generate a range of ***,the morphologies of the resultant nano-objects can also be controlled by regulating the feed molar ratio of CMA and HEMA,which is similar to the conventional PISA,but the synthesis procedure is obviously simplified in *** versatility of the methodology is further demonstrated by the fabrication of different functional nano-objects with sequence structure-dependent morphologies in SCPISA systems with different functional monomers.

关键词： polymerization-induced self-assembly sequence-controlled polymers PET-RAFT polymerization

Studies on Lead Tungstate Crystal

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第1期15卷 46-47页

作者： LIU Feng-zhen HAN Jian-ru man chang-feng CHEN Huan-chu HE Mao Department of Physics Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250100 Institute of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250100

The growth of lead tungstate(PWO)single crystals and their luminescence properties such as light yield,scintillation decay time,and transmittance were *** colourless PWO single crystal has been obtained by using the presyntheses ***,Nb,and Mg ions were doped in the crystals and the Ba-doped crystal has a relatively short decay *** crystal was found having a better transmission spectrum than that of unannealed one.

关键词： crystal decay annealed

The Effect of Signs Design of Wayfinding to Elders in Hospital： Take National Taiwan University College of Medicine for Example

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2016年第6期6卷 359-365页

作者： FEI man-chang Ming-Chuan University Taoyuan Taiwan

Taiwan had officially entered aging society in 1993, and meantime the birthrate reaches its lowest point again and again. The constitution of population dramatically turns into an elder and low-birthrate society. Therefore, the ratio of elders living along is increasing yearly. When the elders need to deal the illness and go to hospital along, decays come from degeneration might have affect on their activity in accessible environment in hospital. Signs is a vital tool for delivering and communicating information in the road sign system. Whether the elders can identify the signs in hospital clearly becomes an important issue in the current research. To understand the affect of signs design in hospital to elders, the research reviewed and gained insight of degeneration in both physical and psychological of elders and the proper principal of signs design for elders. The research surveys in Taipei City, which has densest medical center, and mainly focus on National Taiwan University College of Medicine, which has hundred years of history （founded in 1895）. The research conducts field survey in both old and new buildings of National Taiwan University College of Medicine in August, 2015. The survey includes five types of signs design： Public Facilities, Prohibition, Safety, Warning, and Commercial Facilities. The result from article review indicates the most salient psychological degenerations includes the change in cognitive function, decay of memory, and deceleration of information processing; physical degenerations includes the decay of vision. As a result, the following properties should be taken into consideration when designing sings for elders：（1） The proper ratio of graphic and text. （2） Avoid using colors or matches difficult to identify by elders, like purple, blue, and green. （3） Take the visibility, legibility, identity, attention, and memory into consideration, there should be 70% differentiation in contrast between text of sign and background. （4） Avoid usi

关键词： elderly hospital wayfinding signs