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Soil depth- and root diameter- related variations affect root decomposition in temperate pine and oak forests

Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第5期12卷 871-881页

作者： Seung hyun Han Seongjun Kim Hanna chang hyun-Jun Kim Asia Khamzina Yowhan Son Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Graduate SchoolKorea UniversityAnam-DongSeongbuk-GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Aims Assessment of factors regulating root decomposition is needed to understand carbon and nutrient cycling in forest *** ob-jective of this study is to examine the effects of soil depth and root diameter on root decomposition and to analyze the relationship of root decomposition with factors such as soil environmental conditions and initial litter *** two decomposition experiments were conducted in natural pine(Pinus densiflora)and oak(Quercus serrata)forests over a 2-year period using the litterbag *** the soil depth experiment,216 litterbags containing fine roots(∅=0-2 mm)were buried at 0-10-,10-20-and 20-30-cm soil *** properties and soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass at each soil depth were *** the root diameter experiment,216 litterbags containing roots 0-1-,1-2-and 2-3-mm in diameter were buried at 10-cm soil *** initial litter qualities(carbon(c),nitrogen(N),calcium(ca)and phosphorus(P)concentrations)for each of the root diameter classes were *** were retrieved after 3,6,12 and 24 months in each forest *** Findingsthe root decomposition rate was significantly altered by soil depth and root *** 2 years,the root decay constant at 0-10-cm depth(pine:0.35 and oak:0.41)was significantly higher than that at 10-20-cm(0.31 and 0.37)and 20-30-cm(0.32 and 0.33)depths in the *** and *** *** activities and microbial biomass declined with soil depth,which may be associated with decreasing soil moisture and organic *** decay constant for the 0-1-mm roots(pine:0.32 and oak:0.37)was higher than that of 1-2-mm(0.29 and 0.33)and 2-3-mm roots(0.26 and 0.33)for the *** and *** *** in initial P concentration and c/N ratio among the different diameter roots were linearly related with root *** particular,the increasing c/N ratio with root diameter resulted in decreases in the decomposition *** re

关键词： decomposition stage litter quality soil environmental condition soil microbial activity

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Clinical advantages of single port laparoscopic hepatectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第3期24卷 379-386页

作者： Jae hyun Han Young Kyoung You ho Joong Choi Tae ho hong Dong Goo Kim Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreas Surgery and Liver Transplantation Department of SurgerySeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea

AIM To evaluate the clinical advantages of single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy(SPLH) compare to multiport laparoscopic hepatectomy(MPLH).METhoDS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 246 patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection between January 2008 and December 2015 at our hospital. We divided the surgical technique into two groups; SPLH and MPLH. We performed laparoscopic liver resection for both benign and malignant disease. Major hepatectomy such as right and left hepatectomy was also done with sufficient disease-free margin. The operative time, the volume of blood loss, transfusion rate, and the conversion rate to MPLH or open surgery was evaluated. The post-operative parameters included the meal start date after operation, the number of postoperative days spent in the hospital, and surgical complications was also *** Of the 246 patients, 155 patients underwent SPLH and 91 patients underwent MPLH. Conversion rate was 22.6% in SPLH and 19.8% in MPLH(P = 0.358). We performed major hepatectomy, which was defined as resection of more than 2 sections, in 13.5% of patients in the SPLH group and in 13.3% of patients in the MPLH group(P = 0.962). Mean operative timewas 136.9 ± 89.2 min in the SPLH group and 231.2 ± 149.7 min in the MPLH group(P how a significant difference(0.84 ± 0.84 cm in SPLH vs 1.04 ± 1.22 cm in MPLH, P = 0.704). Enteral feeding was started earlier in the SPLH group(1.06 ± 0.27 d after operation) than in the MPLH group(1.63 ± 1.27 d)(P hospital stay after operation was non-significantly shorter in the SPLH group than in the MPLH group(7.82 ± 2.79 d vs 7.97 ± 3.69 d, P = 0.744). The complication rate was not significantly different(P = 0.397) and there was no major perioperative complication or mortality case in both groups. CONCLUS

关键词： Hepatectomy Laparoscopy Minimally invasive surgery Treatment outcome Feasibility study

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Two Types of Diurnal Variations in Heavy Rainfall during July over Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2201-2211页

作者： chang-Kyun PARK Minhee chang chang-hoi ho Kyung-Ja HA Jinwon KIM Byung-Ju SOHN School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea School of Earth and Environmental Systems Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Center for Climate Physics Institute for Basic ScienceBusan 46241Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Korean Meteorological AdministrationJeju 63568Korea

This study examined the characteristics of the diurnal variations of heavy rainfall(≥110 mm in 12 hours)in Korea and the related atmospheric circulation for July from 1980−*** the analysis period,two dominant pattens of diurnal variation of the heavy rainfall emerged:all-day heavy rainfall(AD)and morning only heavy rainfall(MO)*** the AD-type,the heavy rainfall is caused by abundant moisture content in conjunction with active convection in the morning(0000−1200,LST;LST=UTC+9)and the afternoon hours(1200−2400 LST).These systems are related to the enhanced moisture inflow and upward motion induced by the strengthening of the western North Pacific subtropical high and upper-tropospheric *** the MO-type,heavy rainfall occurs mostly in the morning hours;the associated atmospheric patterns are similar to the *** find that the atmospheric pattern related to severe heavy rainfalls in 2020 corresponds to a typical AD-type and resembles the 1991 heavy-rainfall system in its overall synoptic/mesoscale *** present results imply that extremely heavy rainfall episodes in Korea during the 2020 summer may occur again in the future associated with the recurring atmospheric phenomenon related to the heavy rainfall.

关键词： heavy rainfall diurnal cycle of rainfall 2020 summer summer rainy season Korea

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Sexual dimorphism and sex-differential migration of Little Buntings(Emberiza pusilla)at an East Asian stopover site

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 87-93页

作者： Sook-Young Cho hyun-Young Nam Se-Young Park chang-Yong Choi Bird Research Center Korea National Park Research InstituteJeonnam58863Republic of Korea Division of Zoology Honam National Institute of Biological ResourcesMokpo58762Republic of Korea School of Biological Sciences College of Natural SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea

Sex differences in morphology provide key information for understanding a species'morphological adaptations in relation to the evolution of sexual *** migratory birds,morphological traits have adapted to long-distance travel,and sexual dimorphism is typically related to sex-differential migration *** Buntings(Emberiza pusilla)have one of the longest migrations and are the least dichromatic species among the Emberiza *** this study,we measured sexual size dimorphism and sexual dichromatism of Little Buntings in relation to the spring arrival dates at a stopover site in *** length was the most important predictor for identifying sex;the wings of males were longer than those of *** also had a significantly stronger chestnut color of the head feathers than females,but this color difference was more prominent in the spring than in the *** arrived earlier than females by four *** dates correlated with both size and color,but unlike other bunting species previously studied in the same area,there was no clear sex-differential trend in the relationship between arrival date and morphological *** differences in the degree of sexual dichromatism suggest that chestnut plumage coloration can be used as a social or sexual signal of males in the breeding *** correlation of size and color to early arrival regardless of sex may indicate that a preference for assortative mating exists or that a sex-differential migration strategy is not clearly defined in the early stages of northward *** findings on the sexual dimorphism of Little Buntings provide insight into the evolution of the sex-differential migration of buntings in the East Asian Flyway.

关键词： Digital photography Emberiza pusilla Little Bunting Protandrous migration Sexual dichromatism Sexual dimorphism

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Unveiling the redox electrochemistry of 1D,urchin-like vanadium sulfide electrodes for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 569-580页

作者： K.Karuppasamy Dhanasekaran Vikraman Sajjad Hussain Balamurugan Thirumalraj P.Santhoshkumar Hemalatha Parangusan hyun-chang Park Jongwan Jung hyun-Seok Kim Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Materials Science&Engineering Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707Republic of Korea Millimeter-Wave Innovation Technology Research Center(MINT) Dongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea Qatar University Young Scientist Center(QUYSC) Qatar UniversityP.O.Box 2713DohaQatar

Exploring novel versatile electrode materials with outstanding electrochemical performance is the key to the development of advanced energy conversion and storage *** this work,we aim to construct new-fangled one-dimensional(1D)quasi-layered patronite vanadium tetrasulfide(VS_(4))nanostructures by using different sulfur sources,namely thiourea,thioacetamide,and L-cysteine through an ethyleneaminetetraacetic-acid(EDTA)-mediated solvothermal *** as-prepared VS4exhibits several unique morphologies such as urchin,fluffy nanoflower,and polyhedron with appropriate surface *** the prepared nanostructures,the VS_(4)-1@NF nanostructure exhibited excellent electrochemical properties in 6 M KOH solution,and we explored its redox electrochemistry in *** asprepared VS_(4)-1@NF electrode exhibited battery-type redox characteristics with the highest capacity of280 C g^(-1)in a three-electrode ***,it offered a capacity of 123 F g^(-1)in a hybrid twoelectrode set-up at 1 A g^(-1)with the highest specific energy and specific power of 38.5 W h kg^(-1)and750 W kg^(-1),***,to ensure the practical applicability and real-world performance of the prepared hybrid AC@NF//VS_(4)-1@NF cell,we performed a cycling stability test with more than 5,000galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles at 2 A g^(-1),and the cell retained around 84.7%of its capacitance even after 5,000 cycles with a CE of 96.1%.

关键词： Patronite Redox electrochemistry Urchin VS_(4) 1D material Mesoporous

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Statistical Analysis on Gender Difference in Neural Activity for Spatial Ability Tasks

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2023年第1期13卷 14-27页

作者： Sung-ho Kim Namgil Lee chang-hyun Park Department of Mathematical Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea Department of Information Statistics Kangwon National University Chuncheon South Korea Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(EPFL) Geneva Switzeland

Gender differences are investigated from the viewpoint of cognitive neuroscience in the domain of spatial ability. Five task types of geometric problems are used for the collection of task-evoked fMRI data. Although there was no gender-difference in task performance, we found gender differences in neural activity. Some of the important gender differences that we found are 1) that there are far more joint neuro-activations among the brain regions, co-activations or reverse-activations, in males than in females, 2) that the two types of joint activations were nearly half and half in females while it was mostly co-activations in males, 3) that males tend to have more co-activations in the left hemisphere than expected while females tend to have more between-hemisphere co-activations than expected, and 4) that the left-right pairs of BA's are more highly associated than average for males while they are far less associated than average for females.

关键词： Cross-Correlation Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Co-Activation and Reverse-Activation Between and Within Hemisphere

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Interface properties and phase formation between surface coated SKD61 and aluminum alloys

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第4期19卷 875-878页

作者： Se-Weon ChoI Young-Chan KIM Se-Hun chang Ik-hyun OH Joon-Sik PARK chang-Seog KANG Automotive Components Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Hanbat National University

The intermediate phase formation and surface protection effects between SKD61 die mold alloys and aluminum alloys were investigated during a simulated die-casting *** surface coatings of SKD61 alloy were carried out via Si pack cementation coatings at 900 ℃ for 10 h and the ε-FeSi phase *** the coated SKD61 alloy was dipped in the liquid aluminum alloy(ALDC12),the surface coated SKD61 alloys showed better surface properties compared with uncoated SKD61 alloys,i.e.,the intermediate phases(FeSiAl compound) were not produced for the coated SKD61 *** coating layer of ε-FeSi served as a diffusion barrier for the formation of FeSiAl compounds.

关键词：表面涂层铝合金接口特性表面合金涂层表面保护合金生产化合物中间相

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Inhibitory Mechanisms of Water Extract of Oplopanax elatus on Lipopolysaccharide-lnduced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第9期26卷 670-676页

作者： Ki Sun Kwon hyun Lim Yong Soo Kwon Myong Jo Kim Ji Hye Yoo Nam ho Yoo hyun Pyo Kim College of Pharmacy Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea Department of Bio-Resource Sciences Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea

Objective:To study the anti-inflammatory action and cellular mechanism of Oplopanax ***:A hot water extract of OE(WOE)was prepared and a major constituent,syringin,was successfully *** content in WOE was found to be 214.0 p.g/g dried plant(w/w).Their anti-inflammatory activities were examined using RAW 264.7 macrophages and a mouse model of croton oil-induced ear ***:In lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells,a mouse macrophage cell line,WOE was found to significantly and strongly inhibit cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)-induced prostaglandin E2(PGE2)production[half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)=135.2μg/mL]and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)-induced NO production(IC50=242.9μg/mL).In the same condition,WOE was revealed to inhibit NO production by downregulating iNOS expression,mainly by interrupting mitogen activated protein kinases(MAPKs)/activator protein-1(AP-1)*** activation of all three major MAPKs,p38 MAPK,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and c-Jun N-terminal kinase,was inhibited by WOE(50-300μg/mL).On the other hand,WOE reduced PGE2 production by inhibiting COX-2 enzyme activity,but did not affect COX-2 expression *** addition,WOE inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α.In croton oil-induced ear edema in mice,oral administration of WOE(50-300 mg/kg)dose-dependently inhibited edematic ***:Water extract of OE exhibited multiple anti-inflammatory action mechanisms and may have potential for treating inflammatory disorders.

关键词： Oplopanax elatus Chinese medicine stem syringin anti-inflammation RAW 264.7

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Microstructural characteristics and low-cycle fatigue properties of AZ91 and AZ91-Ca-Y alloys extruded at different temperatures

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 892-902页

作者： Ye Jin Kim Young Min Kim Jun ho Bae Soo-hyun Joo Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

The commercial AZ91 alloy and nonflammable SEN9(AZ91-0.3Ca-0.2Y,wt%)alloy are extruded at 300°C and 400°*** microstructure,tensile and compressive properties,and low-cycle fatigue(LCF)properties are investigated,with particular focus on the influence of the extrusion *** the AZ91 and SEN9 materials extruded at 300°C(300-materials),numerous fine Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles are inhomogeneously distributed owing to localized dynamic precipitation during extrusion,unlike those extruded at 400°C(400-materials).These fine particles suppress the coarsening of recrystallized grains,decreasing the average grain size of *** the four extruded materials have considerably different microstructures,the difference in their tensile yield strengths is insignificant because strong grain-boundary hardening and precipitation hardening effects in 300-materials are offset almost completely by a strong texture hardening effect in ***,owing to their finer grains and weaker texture,300-materials have higher compressive yield strengths *** the LCF tests,{10-12}twinning is activated at lower stresses in 400-materials than in *** the fatigue damage accumulated per cycle is smaller in 400-materials,they have longer fatigue lives than those of 300-materials.A fatigue life prediction model for the investigated materials is established on the basis of the relationship between the total strain energy density(ΔW_(t))and the number of cycles to fatigue failure(N_(f)),and it is expressed through a simple equation(ΔW_(t)=10·N_(f)-0.59).This model enables fatigue life prediction of both the investigated alloys regardless of the extrusion temperature and strain amplitude.

关键词： AZ91-Ca-Y Extrusion temperature Microstructure Low-cycle fatigue Fatigue life prediction model

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Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for neoplasms in the pyloric ring of the stomach: Four case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第14期8卷 3050-3056页

作者： Dong hyun Kim Seon-Young Park chang Hwan Park hyun Soo Kim Sung Kyu Choi Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChonnam National University Hospital and Medical SchoolGwangju 61469South Korea

BACKGROUND Tumors located in the pylorus are technically more complex to resect by endoscopic resection,as the anatomical characteristics of this region can affect the adequate assessment of margins and performance of the *** reported the results of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)of benign mucosal neoplasms located in the pyloric *** SUMMARY This case series describes 4 patients with 4 mucosal neoplasms located in the pyloric *** diameter of each neoplasm was less than 15 *** performed UEMR for the *** immersion enabled slight floating of the lesions,resulting in easy *** achieved en bloc resection with a snare and electrosurgical *** procedure were performed within 3 min without adverse *** examination showed low-grade dysplasia with clear resection margins in one case and hyperplastic polyps in three *** UEMR can be an effective and safe treatment method for neoplasms in the gastric pyloric ring.

关键词： Duodenoscopy Endoscopic mucosal resection Neoplasm Pylorus Stomach Case report

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