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Federated Feature Concatenate Method for Heterogeneous Computing in Federated Learning

计算机、材料和连续体（英文） 2023年第4期75卷 351-371页

作者： Wu-Chun chung yung-Chin chang Ching-Hsien Hsu Chih-Hung chang Che-Lun Hung Department of Information and Computer Engineering Chung Yuan Christian UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichungTaiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan Department of Computer Science&Communication Engineering Providence UniversityTaichungTaiwan Institute of Biomedical Informatics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan

Federated learning is an emerging machine learning techniquethat enables clients to collaboratively train a deep learning model withoutuploading raw data to the aggregation server. Each client may be equippedwith different computing resources for model training. The client equippedwith a lower computing capability requires more time for model training,resulting in a prolonged training time in federated learning. Moreover, it mayfail to train the entire model because of the out-of-memory issue. This studyaims to tackle these problems and propose the federated feature concatenate(FedFC) method for federated learning considering heterogeneous *** leverages the model splitting and feature concatenate for offloadinga portion of the training loads from clients to the aggregation server. Eachclient in FedFC can collaboratively train a model with different cutting ***, the specific features learned in the deeper layer of the serversidemodel are more identical for the data class classification. Accordingly,FedFC can reduce the computation loading for the resource-constrainedclient and accelerate the convergence time. The performance effectiveness isverified by considering different dataset scenarios, such as data and classimbalance for the participant clients in the experiments. The performanceimpacts of different cutting layers are evaluated during the model *** experimental results show that the co-adapted features have a criticalimpact on the adequate classification of the deep learning model. Overall,FedFC not only shortens the convergence time, but also improves the bestaccuracy by up to 5.9% and 14.5% when compared to conventional federatedlearning and splitfed, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed approach isfeasible and effective for heterogeneous clients in federated learning.

关键词： Federated learning deep learning artificial intelligence heterogeneous computing

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Capillary Electrophoretic Separation of Monosialogangliosides by using cyclodextrin and borax as selectors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第11期7卷 1033-1034页

作者： chang, LW yu, ZL Xu, Gy Chen, y CHINESE ACAD SCI DEPT CHEMBEIJING 100080PEOPLES R CHINA

f The CE separation of monosialogangliosids (MSGLS) is generally difficult owing to theirmixed micelle formation. The addition of high concentration of borax to the buffer containing α-Cyclodextrin allowed for improvement of selectivity of separation. Under the optimum conditions,several forms of MSGLS were successfully separated and the commercial standard GM1 gave twopeaks, suggesting that the standard may contain two different types of species.

关键词： Monosialogangliosides using Separation Capillary

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Heavy Metals in Brown Rice(Oryza sativa L.) and Soil After Long-Term Irrigation of Wastewater Discharged from Domestic Sewage Treatment Plants

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Pedosphere 2011年第5期21卷 621-627页

作者： B.y.chung C.H.SONG B.J.PARK J.y.CHO Advanced Radiation Technology Institute Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI) Korea Testing & Research Institute(KTR) Department of Horticultural Science Chungbuk National University Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry Chonbuk National University

A pot experiment was conducted in a plastic film house to evaluate the translocation and uptake of heavy metals(Pb,Cd,Cu,and Zn) into brown rice(Oryza sativa L.) and the heavy metals residues in soils which had previously been irrigated with domestic wastewater for a long time(3 years).The range of Pb,Cd,Cu,and Zn was 5.10 ± 0.01,0.105 ± 0.017,5.76 ± 0.42,and 23.56 ± 1.40 mg kg-1,respectively in the domestic wastewater-irrigated soil,and 0.370 ± 0.006,0.011 ± 0.001,0.340 ± 0.04,and 2.05 ± 0.18 mg kg-1,respectively,in the domestic wastewater-irrigated brown *** results indicated that application of domestic wastewater to arable land slightly increased the levels of Pb,Cd,Cu,and Zn in soil and brown rice(P y metals in brown rice were lower than the recommended tolerable levels proposed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food ***,the continuous monitoring and pollution control of hazardous materials from domestic wastewater are needed in order to prevent excessive build-up of heavy metals in the food chain.

关键词： accumulation domestic wastewater ground water irrigation P2O5 total N

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A correlation between pulse diagnosis of human body and health monitoring of structures

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2004年第1期3卷 117-125页

作者： C.C.chang Henry T.y.yang Department of Civil Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Department of Mechanical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering University of California

The concept of health monitoring is a key aspect of the field of medicine that has been practiced for a long time. A commonly used diagnostic and health monitoring practice is pulse diagnosis, which can be traced back approximately five thousand years in the recorded history of China. With advances in the development of modern technology, the concept of health monitoring of a variety of engineering structures in several applications has begun to attract widespread attention. Of particular interest in this study is the health monitoring of civil structures. It seem natural, and even beneficial, that these two health-monitoring methods, one as applies to the human body and the other to civil structures, should be analyzed and compared. In this paper, the basic concepts and theories of the two monitoring methods are first discussed. Similarities are then summarized and commented upon. It is hoped that this correlation analysis may help provide structural engineers with some insights into the intrinsic concept of using pulse diagnosis in human health monitoring, which may of be some benefit in the development of modern structural health monitoring methods.

关键词： human health monitoring pulse diagnosis structural health monitoring vibration-based techniques local detection techniques

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Relationship between antibacterial activity of chitosan and surface characteristics of cell wall

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第7期25卷 86-90页

作者： ying-chien chung,Chiing-chang CHEN,Huey-lan WANG,J C Gaston WU,Jaung-geng LIN Department of Industrial Engineering and Management China Institute of Technology Taipei 245 China Department of GeneralStudies NationalTaichung Nursing College Taichung 403 China Basic Medical Science Education Center Fooyin University Kaohsiung 831 China Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 116 China Institute of Chinese Medical Science China Medical University Taichung 404 China

AIM: Five representative waterborne pathogens were used to illustrate the relationship between chitosan’s antibac- terial activity and the surface characteristics of the bacterial cell wall. METHODS: Chitosan was prepared with averaged 75 % or 95 % deacetylated degree to examine its antibacterial activity against waterborne pathogens. Fresh microbial inoculants for the antibacterial assessment were prepared on nutrient agar at 37oC for 24 h. The evaluation items of antibacterial mechanism included hydrophilicity and negative charge analysis of cell surface, and adsorptive characteristics of chitosan to bacterial cell. All the experiments were applied in triplicate tests at least. RESULTS: Although cell wall hydrophilicity was similar among Gram-negative bacteria, the distribution of negative charge on their cell surfaces was quite different. More negatively charged cell surfaces had a greater interaction with chitosan, a phenomenon further confirmed by transmission electron micrography (TEM). CONCLUSION: Results showed the hydrophilicity in Gram-negative bacteria was much higher than in Gram-positive ones. The correlation coefficient 0.988 between the amount of absorbed chitosan and its inhibition efficiency indicated a close relationship.

关键词： anti-bacterial agents chitosan cell wall

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Application of phase diagram calculations to development of new ultra-high temperature structural materials

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第6期17卷 1396-1404页

作者：杨莹 B.P. Bewlay 陈双林 y.A. chang CompuTherm LLC Madison Wisconsin 53719 USA General Electric Global Research Schenectady New York 12301 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53705 USA

In-situ refractory metal intermetallic composites(RMICs) based either on (Nb, Si) or (Mo, Si, B) are candidate materials for ultra-high temperature applications (>1400 ℃). To provide a balance of mechanical and environmental properties, Nb-Si composites are typically alloyed with Ti and Cr, and Mo-Si-B composites are alloyed with Ti. Phase diagrams of Nb-Cr-Ti-Si and Mo-Si-B-Ti, as prerequisite knowledge for advanced materials design and processing development, are critically needed. The phase diagrams in the metal-rich regions of multicomponent Nb-Cr-Ti-Si and Mo-Si-B-Ti were rapidly established using the Calphad (Calculation of phase diagram) approach coupled with key experiments. The calculated isotherms, isopleths, and solidification paths were validated by experimental work. The important heterogeneous multiphase equilibria in both quaternary systems identified will offer engineers the opportunity to develop materials with a balance of properties for high-temperature applications.

关键词：金属间化合高温材料 Mo-Si-B-Ti Nb-Cr-Si-Ti

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Secure Probabilistic Prediction of Dynamic Thermal Line Rating

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 378-387页

作者： N.Safari S.M.Mazhari C.y.chung S.B.Ko Grid Operations Support SaskPower.ReginaSKS4P 0S1Canada the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

Accurate short-term prediction of overhead line(OHL)transmission ampacity can directly affect the efficiency of power system operation and *** overcstiniation of the dynamic thermal line rating(DTLR)can lead to the lifetime degradation and failure of OHLs,safety hazards,*** paper presents a secure yet sharp probabilistic model for the hour-ahead prediction of the *** security of the proposed DTLR limits the frequency of DTLR prediction exceeding the actual *** model is based on an augmented deep learning architecture that makes use of a wide range of predictors,including historical climatology data and latent variables obtained during DTLR ***,by introducing a customized cost function,the deep neural network is trained to consider the DTLR security based on the required probability of exceedance while minimizing the deviations of the predicted DTLRs from the actual *** proposed probabilistic DTLR is developed and verified using recorded experimental *** simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed DTLR compared with the state-of-the-art prediction models using well-known evaluation metrics.

关键词： Deep neural network dynamic thermal line rating overhead line prediction recurrent neural network

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li Ruo-yu Liu Ruizhi yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

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许芝银教授从中焦气机论治非哺乳期乳腺炎经验

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南京中医药大学学报 2024年第6期40卷 640-644页

作者：周君卞卫和姚昶南京中医药大学第一临床医学院江苏南京210029 南京中医药大学附属医院江苏南京210029

总结许芝银教授从中焦气机论治非哺乳期乳腺炎经验,认为非哺乳期乳腺炎病变脏腑在肝脾胃,与中焦气机失调关系密切,根据临床表现分为肿块期、脓肿期和瘘管期,主要病机为肝郁脾虚,痰阻乳络;日久郁热,热盛肉腐;气虚邪滞,缠绵阻遏。治疗上... 详细信息

总结许芝银教授从中焦气机论治非哺乳期乳腺炎经验,认为非哺乳期乳腺炎病变脏腑在肝脾胃,与中焦气机失调关系密切,根据临床表现分为肿块期、脓肿期和瘘管期,主要病机为肝郁脾虚,痰阻乳络;日久郁热,热盛肉腐;气虚邪滞,缠绵阻遏。治疗上应根据疾病不同时期明辨病机,药随机转,以调畅中焦气机为关键分期化裁论治,肿块期辛开苦降,抑木扶土;脓肿期降浊升清,泻火平木;瘘管期运转中州,培土荣木,从而获得满意疗效。

关键词：非哺乳期乳腺炎粉刺性乳痈中焦气机分期论治名医经验

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A framework for train derailment risk analysis

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第7期26卷 1874-1885页

作者： chung Ming-hwa chang Che-hao chang Kuan-yuan WU yu-shiang GAO Shih-feng SHEN Zhe-ping Graduate Institution of Engineering Technology-doctoral National Taipei University of Technology Taipei China Department of Civil Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei China Department of Mechanical Engineering China University of Science and Technology Taipei China Department of Construction and Spatial Design Tungnan University New Taipei China

This study aims to develop a framework based on the Nadal formula to assess train derailment risk. Monte Carlo simulation was adopted to develop 10000 sets of random parameters to assess train derailment risk subject to the curvature radius of the track, the difference between the flange angle and the equivalent conicity, and accelerations from 250 to 989.22 gal during horizontal earthquake. The results indicated that railway in Taiwan, China has no derailment risk under normal conditions. However, when earthquakes occur, the derailment risk increases with the unloading factor which is caused by seismic force. The results also show that equivalent conicity increases derailment risk;as a result, equivalent conicity should be listed as one of maintenance priorities. In addition, among all train derailment factors, flange angle, equivalent conicity and unload factors are the most significant ones.

关键词： derailment performance flange angle equivalent conicity reliability risk earthquake

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