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Isolated gonadotropin deficiency with primary empty sella: Causal or casual association?

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012年第3期2卷 276-278页

作者： Shashank shekhar Chanderdeep sharma Mukesh Surya Neeti Aggarwal Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Dr RPGMC Tanda Kangra India Department of Radiodiagnosis Dr RPGMC Tanda Kangra India Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC) Shimla India

Empty sella is a radiological-anatomical entity characterised by a sella turcica filled partially or completely with cerebrospinal fluid, leading to varying degrees of pituitary flattening. Literature reports a 5% - 20% incidence of empty sella in unselected autopsies leading many to argue that its an extreme normal variant. Endocrine dysfunction varies from 8% - 25% with primary empty sella with growth hormone deficiency being most common. However isolated gonadotropin deficiency with normal sized primary empty sella are rare if any. We are reporting a case of isolated gonadotropin deficiency with primary empty sella unable to confirm or refute the association as causal or casual.

关键词： Empty Sella Empty Sella Syndrome Gonadotropin Deficiency

Urolithiasis in inflammatory bowel disease and bariatric surgery

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第6期5卷 538-546页

作者： Agapios Gkentzis Michael Kimuli Jon Cartledge Olivier Traxer chandra shekhar Biyani Department of Urology St James's University Hospital Department of Urology Tenon Hospital University Pierre and Marie Curie

AIM To analyse current literature focusing on pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of urolithiasis with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and following bariatric surgery. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, supplemented with additional references. Studies assessing the association of IBD or bariatric surgery with renal stones in both paediatric and adulthood were included. RESULTS Certain types of stones are seen more frequently with IBD. Hyperoxaluria and hypocitraturia are the main metabolic changes responsible for urolithiasis. The incidence of renal stones in malabsorptive types of bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass is high; this is not as common in modern restrictive surgical methods. Preventative methods and urine alkalinisation have been shown to be *** Both conditions are associated with renal stones. Patients' counselling and prevention strategies are the mainstay of urolithiasis management in these patients.

关键词： Kidney stones Inflammatory bowel disease Bariatric surgery Crohn’s Ulcerative colitis Urolithiasis

The effects of disturbance on forest structure and diversity at different altitudes in Garhwal Himalaya

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生态学杂志 2009年第3期28卷 424-432页

作者： Munesh KUMAR chandra Mohan sharma Govind Singh RA JWAR Department of Forestry Henwati Nandan BahugunaGarhwal University Department of Botany Henwati Nandan BahugunaGarhwal University Department of Botany Government Post Graduate College

The effects of disturbance on forest structure and diversity along an altitudinal gradient in the temperate,sub-tropical,and tropical regions of Garhwal Himalaya were *** region was further categorized into undisturbed(UD),mildly disturbed(MD),and highly disturbed(HD)sites on the basis of magnitude of disturbance in these *** UD sites of temperate,sub-tropical and tropical regions,Quercus leucotrichophora,Anogeissus latifolia and Holoptelea integrifolia were the dominant tree species *** highest values of tree density(1028 ind·hm-2)and total basal cover at breast height(31.70 m2 ·hm-2)were recorded for UD site of temperate region,whereas maximum species diversity(3.128)and equitability(14.09)values were observed for HD site of tropical *** structure and composition of the forests were greatly affected by the degree of disturbance.

关键词：植物多样性生物结构森林生态系统

PSO Based Multi-Objective Approach for Controlling PID Controller

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4409-4423页

作者： Harsh Goud Prakash chandra sharma Kashif Nisar Ag.Asri Ag.Ibrahim Muhammad Reazul Haque Narendra Singh Yadav Pankaj Swarnkar Manoj Gupta Laxmi Chand Indian Institute of Information Technology NagpurIndia School of Computing&Information Technology Manipal UniversityJaipur(Rajasthan)India Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400Kota Kinabalu SabahMalaysia Faculty of Computing&Informatics Multimedia UniversityPersiaran Multimedia63100CyberjayaSelangorMalaysia Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology BhopalIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JECRC UniversityJaipur(Rajasthan)India

CSTR(Continuous stirred tank reactor)is employed in process control and chemical industries to improve response characteristics and system *** has a highly nonlinear characteristic that includes complexities in its control and *** performance is compassionate to change in system parameterswhich need more effort for planning a significant controller for *** reactor temperature changes in either direction from the defined reference *** is important to note that the intensity of chemical actions inside the CSTR is dependent on the various levels of temperature,and deviation from reference values may cause degradation of biomass *** and implementation of an appropriate adaptive controller for such a nonlinear system are *** this paper,a conventional Proportional Integral Derivative(PID)controller is *** conventional techniques to deal with constraints suffer severe limitations like it has fixed controller ***,A novel method is applied for computing the PID controller parameters using a swarm algorithm that overcomes the conventional controller’s *** the proposed technique,PID parameters are tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).It is not easy to choose the suitable objective function to design a PID controller using PSO to get an optimal *** this article,a multi-objective function is proposed for PSO based controller design of CSTR.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization multi-objective PSO continuous stirred tank reactor proportional integral derivative controller

Metaheuristics Algorithm for Tuning of PID Controller of Mobile Robot System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3481-3492页

作者： Harsh Goud Prakash chandra sharma Kashif Nisar Muhammad Reazul Haque Ag.Asri Ag.Ibrahim Narendra Singh Yadav Pankaj Swarnkar Manoj Gupta Laxmi Chand Indian Institute of Information Technology NagpurIndia School of Computing&Information Technology Manipal UniversityJaipurRajasthanIndia Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu88400SabahMalaysia Faculty of Computing&Informatics Multimedia UniversityPersiaran MultimediaCyberjaya63100SelangorMalaysia Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology BhopalIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JECRC UniversityJaipurRajasthanIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeongdong-guSeoul04763Korea

Robots in the medical industry are becoming more common in daily life because of various advantages such as quick response,less human interference,high dependability,improved hygiene,and reduced aging *** is why,in recent years,robotic aid has emerged as a blossoming solution to many challenges in the medical *** this manuscript,meta-heuristics(MH)algorithms,specifically the Firefly Algorithm(FF)and Genetic Algorithm(GA),are applied to tune PID controller constraints such as Proportional gain Kp Integral gain Ki and Derivative gain *** controller is used to control Mobile Robot System(MRS)at the required set *** FF arrangements are made based on various pre-analysis.A detailed simulation study indicates that the proposed PID controller tuned with Firefly Algorithm(FF-PID)for MRSis beneficial and suitable to achieve desired closed-loop system *** FF is touted as providing an easy,reliable,and efficient tuning technique for PID *** most suitable ideal performance is accomplished with FF-PID,according to the display in the time ***,the observed response is compared to those received by applying GA and conventional off-line tuning *** comparison of all tuning methods exhibits supremacy of FF-PID tuning of the given nonlinear Mobile Robot System than GA-PID tuning and conventional controller.

关键词： Metaheuristic algorithm genetic algorithm PID controller mobile robot system firefly algorithm

Wheat Stripe Rust Virulence and Varietal Resistance in the Foot Hill Himalayas of Nepal

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2015年第7期5卷 477-485页

作者： Sarala sharma Etienne Duveiller chandra Bahadur Karki Dhruba Bahadur Thapa Ram chandra sharma Arun Kumar Joshi Plant Pathology Division Nepal Agricultural Research Council Lalitpur 44700 Nepal CIMMYT Global Wheat Program Apdo Postal 6-641 Mexico 06600 DF Mexico Agriculture Botany Division Nepal Agricultural Research Council Lalitpur 44700 Nepal ICARDA Central Asia and the Caucasus Regional Program Tashkent 10000 Uzbekistan CIMMYT South Asia Regional Office Kathmandu 44600 Nepal

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst） is an important disease of wheat （Triticum aestivum） in Nepal, which is a part of the Himalayas stretching over the North of Nepal, India, Pakistan, Bhutan and beyond. Wheat production plays a crucial role in food security of the marginal hill farmers of Nepal. Frequent epidemics of the rust have caused huge loss in farmer＇s field. Periodic monitoring during 1980-2008 showed that changes in virulence occurred during this period. The objective of this study was to evaluate Pst resistance and its effective genes in wheat genotypes. For this, trap nurseries, wheat stripe rust differentials, commercial cultivars and advanced breeding lines were tested under artificial epiphytotic and natural hot spots conditions during 2005 to 2010. Four genes （Yr5, Yr10, Yr15 and YrSp） consistently showed resistance to the prevailing races. The gene Yr9 and Yr27 in combinations with Yrl8 were found effective. Other lines with combination of minor genes were also found effective. The genotypes Amadina, Kukuna, Tukuru, Kakatsi and Buck Buck widely used in breeding program were resistant. The cultivation of varieties WK1204, Gautam, Gaura and Dhaulagiri have ensured genetic diversity for the rust resistance and slowed down frequent occurrence of epidemics. The findings of these studies could help in developing effective varietal resistance program in the sub-continent.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis resistance virulence stripe rust Triticum aestivum wheat.

Effect of Chromium on Magnetic Characteristics of Powder Processed Fe-0.35wt%P Alloy

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第7期10卷 617-624页

作者： Deepika sharma Kamlesh chandra Prabhu Shankar Misra Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667 India

The present investigation deals with hot powder preform forging technique for the development of high density iron-phosphorus based alloys. These alloys are known for hot-shortness and are therefore not considered suitable for high temperature working. To remove this problem proper soaking at high temperature to eliminate iron- phosphide eutectic and bring entire phosphorus into solution in iron was aimed. Attempting hot forging thereafter completely eliminates hot as well as cold shortness and thereby helps to form these alloys into very thin sheets. It has also been possible to eliminate the use of costly hydrogen atmosphere during sintering by use of addition of carbon as a reducing agent to form CO gas within the compact by reacting with oxygen of iron powder particles. The glassy ceramic coating applied over the compact serves as a protective coating to avoid atmospheric oxygen attack over the compact held at high temperature. Combined application of carbon and glassy ceramic coating has lead to economy in P/M processing for soft magnetic applications. Fe- 0.07C- 0.3O- 0.35wt% P- 0.35wt% Cr alloy so formed yielded coercivity as low as 0.42 Oe, resistivity as high as 21.8 μ cm and total loss as low as 0.170 W/Kg. Such a combination of properties may suit their application in magnetic relays and transformer cores.

关键词： Glassy Ceramic Coating Preform Forging Coercivity

System of Rice Intensification Verses Conventional Rice System: Off-farm Field Studies

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2019年第1期1卷 7-17页

作者： Ravi chandra sharma Nobuhiko Fuwa Pabitra Banik R esearch and Development Division Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizer LimitedMumbai 400074 University of Tokyo Japan Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical InstituteKolkata 700103

With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs,water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the *** is a highly water-stressed ***,India needs to invest in improving its water productivity,and any capacity to produce more rice with less *** of Rice Intensification(SRI)has attracted much attention in increasing rice yield per unit *** this study,fifteen farmers were selected those were practicing SRI technology by themselves during the Boro-cultivation season(January-April).The study was continued for three consecutive years 2012 to 14 on the same *** addition to the SRI plots,a similar size of non-SRI plot was maintained in conventional cultivation for comparison *** an average,the non-SR I ight increased by 12%,number of tillers per square meter by 85%,number of reproductive tillers per hill by 286%,weight of panicle per hill by 139%,number of seeds per panicle by 41%and test weight by 26% due to SRI practice over the non-SRI *** increment in straw and grain yield due to SRI over the non-SRI is 70%and 59%*** physico-chemical and biological properties of soil improved due to SRI practice.

关键词： System of rice intensification(SRI) Rice productivity Microbial population Soil properties

Impact of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub>on Wheat Growth and Yield under Free Air CO<sub>2</sub>Enrichment

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第4期6卷 573-596页

作者： Vivek Pandey Marisha sharma Farah Deeba Vivek K. Maurya Sunil K. Gupta Satyendra P. Singh Aradhana Mishra chandra shekhar Nautiyal Plant Ecology & Environmental Sciences CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow India Division of Plant Microbe Interaction CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow India

Impact of elevated CO2 (free air CO2 enrichment) was studied on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var Kundan) growth, yield and proteome. Elevated CO2 significantly impacted both underground (+24%) and aboveground (+15%) biomass. Grain weight/plant and harvest index were increased by 35% and 11.4%, respectively under high CO2. On the other hand, seed protein content was decreased by 19% under CO2 enrichment while seed starch and soluble sugar contents were increased by 8% and 23%, respectively. Wheat leaf proteomics revealed that 50 proteins were showing differential expression. Twenty proteins were more abundant while 30 were less abundant. Thirty two proteins were identified by MALDI TOF TOF. More abundant proteins were related to defense, photosynthesis, energy metabolism etc. While less abundant proteins were related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Wheat grain proteomics revealed that out of 49 differentially abundant proteins, 24 were more in abundance and 25 were less in abundance in wheat grains under eCO2 condition. Thirty three proteins were identified and functionally characterized. They were found to be involved mainly in carbon metabolism, storage, defence and proteolysis. Gluten proteins are the major component of wheat storage proteins. Our results showed that both high and low molecular weight glutenins were more in eCO2 wheat seeds while there was no change in gliadin evels. This might alter wheat dough strength. Concentration of grain Cr and As was increased at eCO2 while that of Fe, Cu, Zn and Se were found to be decreased. Dynamics of carbon utilization and metabolic abilities of soil microbes under eCO2 were significantly altered. Our study showed that altered wheat seed composition is cause for concern vis-à-vis nutrition and health and for industries which may have implications for agriculturally dominated country like India.

关键词： Carbon Dioxide FACE Wheat Proteomics Grain Yield Soil Microbes