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Multifunctional core-shell-like nanoarchitectures for hybrid supercapacitors with high capacity and long-term cycling durability

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Nano Research 2019年第10期12卷 2597-2608页

作者： s.chandra sekhar Goli Nagaraju Bhimanaboina Ramulu sk.Khaja Hussain D.Narsimulu Jae su Yu Department of Electronic Engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence ElectronicsKyungHee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGihurtg-guYongin-siGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea1 Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringKyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGihung-guYongin-siGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea

Transition metal oxide/hydroxide with multif unctional hierarchical nano structures has attracted widespread attention in supercapacitors(sCs)because of their large accessible surface area,high electrochemical activity and superior redox ***,core-shell-like copper(Cu)hydroxide nano tube arrays grafted nickel aluminum layered double hydroxide n anosheets were facilely synthesized on porous Cu foam(CH NTAs@NiAI LDH Nss)for use as an efficient battery-type electrode in hybrid *** the synergistic effects of NiAl LDH Nss on well-adhered CH NTAs/CF,the core-shell-like composite(prepared for 24 h)delivered a maximum areal capacity of 334.3 pAh/cm2 at a current density of 3 mA/cm2 in 2 M KOH electrolyte,which is comparatively higher than other samples synthesized at different growth ***,the core-shell-like CH NTAs@NiAI LDH Nss-24 demonstrated an outstanding cycling stability of 134.3%after 10,000 *** high capacity and stability of CH NTAs@NiAI LDH Nss-24,a pouch-type hybrid sC was further assembled with core-shell-like composite as a positive electrode and reduced graphene oxide as a negative electrode with a filter paper as a separator in aqueous alkaline *** hybrid sC showed a high areal capacity of 250 pAh/cm2 at 2 mA/cm2 with maximum areal energy and power densities of 181.9 pWh/cm2 and 24,991.5 pW/cm2,*** harvest!ng the solar energy via solar cell panel and subsequently delivering the stored en ergy to switching and proximity applicati ons also dem on strated the real-time applicability of our hybrid sCs.

关键词： copper hydroxide layered double hydroxides core-shell hybrid supercapacitors energy density self-powered devices

Vertical impedance functions of pile groups under low-to-high loading amplitudes:numerical simulations and experimental validation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 647-666页

作者： Usama Zafar chandra shekhar Goit Masato saitoh Riku Fukuda school of science and Engineering Saitama University255 Shimo-OkuboSaitamaJapan

Piles in a group experience additional displacements in soil due to pile-to-pile interactions apart from those resulting from the external *** effect of these interactions determined assuming soil as an elastic and/or viscoelastic material on pile head impedance functions of the pile group is studied by relating the group stiffness to the static stiffness of a single ***,the prevailing elastic solutions may misestimate the resulting pile group response due to the lack of consideration for either soil(material)and/or soil-pile interface *** is well established that soil behaves nonlinearly under moderate-to-high loading amplitudes,and besides,the soil-pile interface nonlinearity can exist even at small loading *** study addresses the effects of these nonlinearities on the vertical impedance functions of a 3×3-pile group using numerical methods by direct analyses and superposition using pile-to-pile interaction *** numerical results are validated using scaled model tests under 1 g *** results highlight the overestimation of pile-to-pile interactions in the pile group when assuming elastic soil *** cases either by direct analyses or superposition approach involving soil and soil-pile interface nonlinearities agree well with the experimental pile group responses under close-to-elastic and nonlinear conditions.

关键词： impedance functions numerical simulations model-scale experiment superposition approach soil-pile interface nonlinearity

On the applicability of various levels of detail for occupant behavior representation and modeling in building performance simulation

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Building simulation 2023年第8期16卷 1481-1498页

作者： Jeetika Malik Handi chandra Putra Kaiyu sun Tianzhen Hong Building Technology and Urban system Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Occupant behavior(OB)is one of the significant sources of uncertainty in building performance *** OB modeling has received increased attention in the past decade,research on the degree of granularity or level of detail(LoD)required for representing occupants is still in the nascent *** paper analyzes the modeling and applicability of three LoDs to represent occupants in building performance assessment.A medium-sized prototype office building located in Chicago,Illinois is used as the simulation case *** occupant-centric attributes are adopted to develop the LoDs for OB *** first demonstrate the different modeling approaches required for simulating the three fidelity ***,we illustrate the suitability of the developed LoDs in supporting six building performance use cases across different lifecycle *** study intends to provide guidance for the building simulation community on appropriate OB representation to support various use cases.

关键词： occupant behavior agent-based modeling building performance simulation level of detail fit-for-purpose office buildings

An Efficient Tide-surge Interaction Model for the Coast of Bangladesh

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第1期34卷 56-68页

作者： M.Mizanur RAHMAN Gour chandra PAUL Ashabul HOQUE Department of Mathematics Shahjalal University of Science&TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

The numerical method of lines(MOLs)in coordination with the classical fourth-order Runge Kutta(RK(4,4))method is used to solve shallow water equations(sWEs)for foreseeing water levels owing to the nonlinear interaction of tide and surge accompanying with a storm along the coast of *** sWEs are developed by extending the body forces with tide generating forces(TGFs).spatial variables of the sWEs along with the boundary conditions are approximated by means of finite difference technique on an Arakawa C-grid to attain a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)of initial valued in time,which are being solved with the aid of the RK(4,4)*** grid technique is adopted to solve coastal complexities closely with least computational cost.A stable tidal solution in the region of our choice is produced by applying the tidal forcing with the major tidal constituent M2(lunar semi-diurnal)along the southern open-sea boundary of the outer *** experimentations are carried out to simulate water levels generated by the cyclonic storm AILA along the coast of *** model simulated results are found to be in a reasonable agreement with the limited available reported data and observations.

关键词： Bangladesh coast shallow water equations method of lines tide-surge interaction islands tide generating forces inverse barometer

Distance signless Laplacian eigenvalues of graphs

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2019年第4期14卷 693-713页

作者： Kinkar chandra DAs Huiqiu LIN Jiming GUO Department of Mathematics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Mat hematics East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China

suppose that the vertex set of a graph G is V(G) ={v1,v2,...,vn}.The transmission Tr(vi) (or Di) of vertex vi is defined to be the sum of distances from vi to all other *** Tr(G) be the n × n diagonal matrix with its (i,i)-entry equal to TrG(vi).The distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of a connected graph G is the spectral radius of the distance signless Laplacian matrix of G,defined as L(G) =Tr(G) + D(G),where D(G) is the distance matrix of *** this paper,we give a lower bound on the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of graphs and characterize graphs for which these bounds are best *** obtain a lower bound on the second largest distance signless Laplacian eigenvalue of ***,we present lower bounds on the spread of distance signless Laplacian matrix of graphs and trees,and characterize extremal graphs.

关键词： Graph distance signless Laplacian spectral radius second largest eigenvalue of distance signless Laplacian matrix spread

Vascular plants distribution in relation to topography and environmental variables in alpine zone of Kedarnath Wild Life sanctuary,West Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain science 2018年第9期15卷 1936-1949页

作者： chandra sudeep sINGH Ankit sINGH C.P. NAUTIYAL M.C. RAWAT L.s. High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre(HAPPRC)H.N.B.Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal-246174UttarakhandIndia space Applications Centre (Indian Space Research Organization)Ahmedabad 380015India Govind Ballabh Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment&sustainable Development Garhwal Unit Srinagar Garhwal-246174UttarakhandIndia

The present study was carried out in Tungnath alpine meadows of Kedarnath Wild Life sanctuary, Western Himalaya from subalpine to upper alpine zone. A total of four summits were selected along an altitudinal gradient and sampled for detailed vegetation analysis using multi summit approach as per Global observation research initiative in alpine environments(GLORIA). species richness, diversity, and evenness among four summits as well as the interaction between environmental variables with plant communities were assessed. Monthly mean soil temperature was calculated using data retrieved from geo-precision temperature logger in order to identify the trend of soil temperature among different season and altitudinal gradient and its implications to plant communities. soil samples were analyzed fromeach summit by collecting randomized composite soil samples. The indirect non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDs) and direct canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) tools of ordination techniques to determine the linkage between plant species from various sample summits and biotic/abiotic environmental gradients were used in the present study. The results of the study demonstrated increase in species richness as soil temperature increases, the ecotone representing summits were found most warm summits followed by highest species richness. Annual soil temperature increased by 1.43°C at timberline ecotone. Whereas, at upper alpine zone the soil temperature increased by 0.810 C from year 2015 to 2016. s?rensen's similarity index was found to be increased between subalpine and upper alpine zone with increase in the presence of subalpine plant species at upper alpine zone. Both the ordination tools separate the subalpine summit and their respective vegetation from summits representingtimberline ecotone and upper alpine zone. soil p H, altitude, soil cation exchange capacity were found as the key abiotic drivers for distribution of plant species.

关键词： GLORIA Non-metric multidimensionalscaling (NMDs) Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) Ecotone West Himalaya

The Himalayan cryosphere:A critical assessment and evaluation of glacial melt fraction in the Bhagirathi basin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第1期8卷 107-115页

作者： Abul Amir Khan Naresh chandra Pant Anindaya sarkar s.K.Tandon Meloth Thamban Mahalinganathan K Department of Geology University of DelhiNew Delhi 11007India Department of Geology and Geophysics Indian Institute of TechnologyWest Bengal 721302India Department of Earth science Indian Institute of TechnologyKanpurUttar Pradesh 208016India Department of Cryosphere science National Centre for An tarctic and Ocean Research(NCAOR)Ministry of Earth SciencesGovernment of IndiaHeadland SadaVasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

The cryosphere constitutes an important subset of the hydrosphere. The Himalayan cryosphere is a significant contributor to the hydrological budget of a large river system such as the Ganges. Basic data on the cryosphere in the Himalaya is inadequate and also has large uncertainties. The data on glacial melt component in the Himalayan rivers of India also shows high variability. The Gangotri glacier which constitutes nearly a fifth of the glacierized area of the Bhagirathi basin represents one of the fastest receding, large valley glaciers in the region which has been surveyed and monitored for over sixty years. The availability of measurement over a long period and relatively small glacier-fed basin for the Bha- girathi river provides suitable constraints for the measurement of the glacial melt fraction in a Himalayan river. Pre- and post-monsoon samples reveal a decreasing trend of depletion of 0180 in the river water from glacier snout （Gaumukh） to the confluence of the Bhagiratbi river with the Alaknanda river near Devprayag. Calculations of existing glacial melt fraction （-30% at Rishikesh） are not consistent with the reported glacial thinning rates. It is contended that the choice of unsuitable end-members in the three component mixing model causes the overestimation of glacial melt component in the river discharge. Careful selection of end members provides results （-11% at Devprayag） that are consistent with the expected thinning rates.

关键词： CryosphereGlacial melt fractionBhagirathi riverOxygen isotope

Trade Destruction and Trade Diversion： Evidence from China

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China & World Economy 2017年第3期25卷 31-59页

作者： Piyush chandra Associate Professor Economics Department Stonehill College USA.

Over the past three decades, we have seen a dramatic increase in the incidence oftemporary trade barriers such as antidumping duties and countervailing duties. Chinahas been at the receiving end of a large number of such measures. In this paper, we studyhow China＇s exports to its major trade partners have been affected when its major tradepartners have used these measures either against China or against other countries. Wefind that Chinese exports to the country that imposed an antidumping duty decreased byapproximately 35 percent. At the same time, an antidumping duty used by the importingcountry that was directed towards other countries but not against China led to anapproximate 30-percent increase in China＇s exports to the policy-imposing *** results remain robust across various specifications. Our findings have importantpolicy implications. In particular, the magnitude of these effects highlights why it isimportant to curb the recent widespread use of these barriers.

关键词： antidumping duties, China, temporary trade barriers, trade destruction, trade diversion

Tectonic control on the drainage system in a piedmont region in tectonically active eastern Himalayas

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Frontiers of Earth science 2012年第1期6卷 29-38页

作者： Chandreyee GOsWAMI Dhruba MUKHOPADHYAY Bikash chandra PODDAR Asutosh College Saltlake CityKolkata 700026India Raman Center for Applied and Interdisciplinary sciences Saltlake CityKolkata 700075India BE 267 Saltlake CityKolkata 700064India

The impact ofneotectonic activity on drainage system has been studied in a large alluvial fan in the eastern Himalayan piedmont area between the Mal River and the Murti River. Two distinct E-W lineaments passing through this area had been identified by Nakata （1972, 1989） as active faults. The northern lineament manifested as Matiali scarp and the southern one manifested as Chalsa scarp represent the ramp anticlines over two blind faults, probably the Main Boundary Thrust （MBT） and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust （HFT）, respectively. The fan surface is folded into two antiforms with a synform in between. These folds are interpreted as fault propagation folds over the two north dipping blind thrusts. Two lineaments trending NNE-ssW and nearly N-s, respec- tively, are identified, and parts of present day courses of the Murti and Neora Rivers follow them. These lineaments are named as Murti and Neora lineaments and are interpreted to represent a conjugate set of normal faults. The rivers have changed their courses by the influence of these normal faults along the Murti and Neora lineaments and their profiles show knick points where they cross E-W thrusts. The overall drainage pattern is changed from radial pattern in north of the Matiali scarp to a subparallel one in south due to these conjugate normal faults. The interfluve area between these two rivers is uplifted as a result of vertical movements on the above mentioned faults. Four major terraces and some minor terraces are present along the major river valleys and these are formed due to episodic upliftment of the ground and subsequent down- cutting of the rivers. The uppermost terrace shows a northerly slope north of the Chalsa scarp as a result of folding mentioned above. But rivers on this terrace form incised channels keeping their flow southerly suggestingthat they are antecedent to the folding and their downcutting kept pace with the tectonism.

关键词： alluvial fan drainage pattern thrust normalfault active tectonic