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Variance in Clinical Profile and Use of Anticoagulants in Valvular and Non Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第7期10卷 488-499页

作者： Smriti Shakya Arun Sayami Ratna mani Gajurel chandra mani poudel Hemant Shrestha Surya Devkota Sanjeev Thapa Rajaram Khanal Department of Cardiology Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre (MCVTC) Institute of Medicine TUTH Kathmandu Nepal

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice that affects morbidity and mortality to a large extent. This study was intended to determine various clinical profile and etiological factors in valvular and non-valvular atrial fibrillation and evaluate the usage of anticoagulants in them in the settings of developing nation like ours. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional observational prospective study was conducted at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center, Institute of Medicine, Nepal for a period of sixteen months. All the patients with atrial fibrillation who were admitted in the cardiology department were included. The demographic profile, etiology, clinical features and the usage of anticoagulants were recorded. Results: A total of 175 patients with atrial fibrillation were enrolled in the study with 62% nonvalvular and 38% valvular cases. The overall mean age was 60 ± 16.79 years but among valvular atrial fibrillation, it was 47.9 ± 14.013 and among nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, it was 67.85 ± 13.507 years. Majority of patients were female (56%). Sixty percent were from outside Kathmandu valley. Rheumatic heart disease was the most common cause (38.9%) followed by dilated cardiomyopathy, systemic hypertension, degenerative valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, etc. The most common presentation was dyspnea. About 79% of valvular and 17% of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients were using anticoagulants. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation was common in young females and rheumatic heart disease was the leading cause. Ther

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation Clinical Profile Anticoagulation

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Study of Etiological Profile, Clinical Profile and Short Term Outcome of Patients Presenting with Pericardial Effusion in a Tertiary Care Center, Nepal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第12期9卷 879-890页

作者： Raja Ram Khanal Ratna mani Gajurel Ravi Sahi Hemant Shrestha chandra mani poudel Surya Devkota Sanjeev Thapa Smriti Shakya Department of Cardiology Manmohan Cardio Thoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre (MCVTC) Institute of Medicine TUTH Kathmandu Nepal

Introduction: Pericardial effusion is one of the common cardiac problems in our?part of the world and adds burden to the health and economy of the country, as it is associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality. Our objective of the study was to determine the etiological spectrum of pericardial effusion, their clinical presentations and complications and assessing the usefulness of echocardiographic features of effusion in helping to determine the etiology. Methods: A cross-sectional observational prospective study of 63 patients with diagnosis of pericardial effusion was enrolled in the study. Pericardial effusion was diagnosed by echocardiography and pericardiocentesis was done in the cardiac catheterization room. Patients were followed up 3 monthly for 1 year and reassessed clinically and by echocardiography. Results: Patients presenting with pericardial effusion belonged to the age group of 8 to 88 years. The most common etiology was tuberculosis (36.5%) followed by malignancy (19%) and idiopathic/Viral (12.6%). Among malignancies, carcinoma lung was the most common cause followed by lymphoma. Pericardiocentesis was done in 46 patients (73%) and the approach was subxiphoid. The procedure-related complications were in 4 patients (6.3%) and there was no death as a consequence of the procedure. The total mortality was 12 (19%) with in-hospital death of 6 patients (9.5%). Conclusions: The study showed tuberculosis as the most common cause of pericardial effusion in developing countries like Nepal and as a cause of cardiac tamponade in contrast to the studies from the developed world where malignancy remains the leading cause.

关键词： Malignancy Pericardial Effusion Pericardiocentesis Tuberculosis

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Inter-caste Marriage in Eastern Nepal： Context and Its Consequences

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2018年第2期6卷 93-101页

作者： Tanka mani poudel Padmakanya Multiple Campus Bagbazar KathmanduNepal

This study explores the current situation of inter-caste marriage in Eastern Nepal. It is based on a sample of 30 inter-caste couples collected in Sunsari District. It basically describes the extent and pattern of inter-caste marriage and responsible factors to be engaged in inter-caste marriage among diverse social groups. Inter-caste marriage is not only a matter of individual relation; it is also a matter of society and social transformation from traditional to modern. Love and affection, age factors, good moral character of the lower caste, modernization, migration, education, mass media, and identity based moments are taken major motivational factors for inter-caste marriage. Inter-caste couples are victimized from various factors of traditional society; they are facing different kinds of problems from their family, relatives, and society. Family problems, social problems, cultural problems, and psychological problems are the common for them.

关键词： caste inter-caste marriage endogamy hyper gamy hypo gamy

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Heterologous expression of Lolium perenne antifreeze protein confers chilling tolerance in tomato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 1128-1136页

作者： Srinivasan Balamurugan Jayan Susan Ann Inchakalody P Varghese Shanmugaraj Bala Murugan mani chandra Harish Sarma Rajeev Kumar Ramalingam Sathishkumar Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory Department of BiotechnologyBharathiar University

Antifreeze proteins（AFP） are produced by certain plants, animals, fungi and bacteria that enable them to survive upon extremely low temperature. Perennial rye grass, Lolium perenne, was reported to possess AFP which protects them from cold environments. In the present investigation, we isolated AFP gene from L. perenne and expressed it in tomato plants to elucidate its role upon chilling stress. The T1 transgenic tomato lines were selected and subjected to molecular, biochemical and physiological analyses. Stable integration and transcription of Lp AFP in transgenic tomato plants was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization and RT-PCR, respectively. Physiological analyses under chilling conditions showed that the chilling stress induced physiological damage in wild type（WT） plants, while the transgenic plants remained healthy. Total sugar content increased gradually in both WT and transgenic plants throughout the chilling treatment. Interestingly, transgenic plants exhibited remarkable alterations in terms of relative water content（RWC） and electrolyte leakage index（ELI） than those of WT. RWC increased significantly by 3-fold and the electrolyte leakage was reduced by 2.6-fold in transgenic plants comparing with WT. Overall, this report proved that Lp AFP gene confers chilling tolerance in transgenic tomato plants and it could be a potential candidate to extrapolate the chilling tolerance on other chilling-sensitive food crops.

关键词： Lolium perenne antifreeze protein chilling tolerance genetic transformation transgenic tomato

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Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Young Male Secondary to Hyperhomocysteinemia

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第7期10卷 410-416页

作者： Kiran Prasad Acharya chandra mani Adhikari Dipanker Prajapati Sachin Dhungel Amrit Bogati Mohamed Shaneez Najmy Pratima poudel Deewakar Sharma Department of Cardiology Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre Kathmandu Nepal Department of Dermatology Kanti Children Hospital Kathmandu Nepal

Homocysteine is sulfur containing intermediary amino acid formed by the demethylation of dietary methionine to cysteine. The raised serum homocysteine level is one of the important risk factors associated with coronary artery disease. We present a 23-year-old male with no other risk factors of coronary artery disease presented to us with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction and was treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. During the routine work up post percutaneous coronary intervention significant elevation of serum homocysteine level was seen with markedly low serum vitamin B12 level and was treated for it along with standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction. The case illustrates the need to incorporate a plasma homocysteine level during work up of coronary artery disease especially in young patients, more importantly in those without any conventional risk factors.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia Young Myocardial Infarction Risk Factors

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Variations in Solar Cycles 22, 23 &24 and Their Effect on Earth’s Climate

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第1期6卷 8-13页

作者： Prithvi Raj Singh chandra mani Tiwari Ajay Kumar Saxena Department of Physics Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa India

In the present work, the study of influence of solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity on Earth’s climate during solar cycles 22, 23 and 24 has been done. The change in Earth’s climate, specifically the change in the global mean temperature has been associated with the variation of some solar activity indices, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity indices in the period of 1986-2014 (Till Dec.). The important solar indices that are total solar irradiance (TSI), Sunspot Number (SSN), F10.7 index, Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) Kiel (NM), geomagnetic activity indices Auroral Electrojet Index (AE) and aa index, have been presented. The study of the Earth’s climate in relationship with solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity has been analysed with variations and correlations. The variations of SSN with CRI are in anti-phase;SSN with F10.7, SSN with TSI, SSN with AE, SSN with aa are in same phase. The correlation of SSN with CRI is strongly negatively correlated;SSN with F10.7, SSN with TSI is strongly positively and SSN with AE, SSN with aa positively correlated to averaging solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. The Earth’s climate will be affected by the solar activity, cosmic ray intensity and geomagnetic activity.

关键词： Solar Activity Geomagnetic Activity Cosmic Ray Intensity

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Predicting morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis in an Indian population:a comparative study of the BISAP score,Ranson’s score and CT severity index

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第3期4卷 216-220,I0002页

作者： Jitin Yadav Sanjay Kumar Yadav Satish Kumar Ranjan George Baxla Dipendra Kumar Sinha Pankaj Bodra Ram chandra Besra Babu mani Baski Om Prakash Abhinav Anand Department of General Surgery Rajendra Institute of Medical SciencesRanchiJharkhandIndia

Objective:Our aim was to prospectively evaluate the accuracy of the bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP)score in predicting mortality,as well as intermediate markers of severity,in a tertiary care centre in east central India,which caters mostly for an economically underprivileged ***:A total of 119 consecutive cases with acute pancreatitis were admitted to our institution between November 2012 and October *** scores were calculated for all cases,within 24 hours of ***’s score and computed tomography severity index(CTSI)were also *** respective abilities of the three scoring systems to predict mortality was evaluated using trend and discrimination *** optimal cut-off score for mortality from the receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the development of persistent organ failure and pancreatic necrosis(PNec).Results:Of the 119 cases,42(35.2%)developed organ failure and were classified as severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),47(39.5%)developed PNec,and 12(10.1%)*** area under the curve(AUC)results for BISAP score in predicting SAP,PNec,and mortality were 0.962,0.934 and 0.846,***’s score showed a slightly lower accuracy for predicting SAP(AUC 0.956)and mortality(AUC 0.841).CTSI was the most accurate in predicting PNec,with an AUC of *** sensitivity and specificity of BISAP score,with a cut-off of≥3 in predicting mortality,were 100%and 69.2%,***:The BISAP score represents a simple way of identifying,within 24 hours of presentation,patients at greater risk of dying and the development of intermediate markers of *** risk stratification method can be utilized to improve clinical care and facilitate enrolment in clinical trials.

关键词： acute pancreatitis mortality bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP) Ranson’s score computed tomography severity index(CTSI)

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Force Control in Monopod Hopping Robot While Landing

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2010年第2期1卷 96-104页

作者： Vaidyabhushan Leela Krishnan Pushparaj mani Pathak Satish chandra Jain Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology

In this paper, the issue of control of impact forces generated during the interaction between the hopping ro-bot toe and the ground while landing has been considered. The force thus generated can damage the robot altogether. With the objective to control these impact forces, impedance control strategy has been applied to the hopping robot system. The dynamics pertaining to the impact between robot toe and ground has been modeled as in case of a ball bouncing on the ground. Bond Graph theory has been used for the modeling of the hopping robot system. Simulation results show that impact forces generated during the landing has been controlled to a specified limiting value. This model and the corresponding analysis can be further extended for understanding the dynamics involved in continuous hopping of robot with constant height and velocity control.

关键词： Hopping Robot Impact Forces Impedance Control

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Effects of Organic Amendments on Soil Physical Attributes and Aggregate-Associated Phosphorus Under Long-Term Rice-Wheat Cropping

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Pedosphere 2018年第5期28卷 823-832页

作者： Tarik MITRAN Pabitra Kumar mani Prasanta Kumar BANDYOPADHYAY Nirmalendu BASAK Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya

The quantification of phosphorus(P) in bulk soil and P distribution in different size fractions of water-stable aggregates(WSAs)are important for assessing potential P loss through runoff. We evaluated available and total P distribution within WSAs of a sitty clay to clay soil in a long-term fertility experiment of a rice-wheat cropping system in India. Surface soil samples were collected from seven plots amended with NPK fertilizers in combination with or without organic amendments, farmyard manure(FYM), green manure(GM), and paddy straw(PS). The plot with no NPK fertilizers or organic amendments was set as a control. The soil samples were separated by wet sieving into four soil aggregate size fractions: large macroaggregates(> 2.0 mm), small macroaggregates(0.25–2.0 mm), fine microaggregates(0.05–0.25 mm), and a silt + clay-sized fraction( small macroaggregates > fine microaggregates> large macroaggregates. Within a size class, aggregate-associated available and total P contents in the organically amended soil were in the following order: FYM > PS ≥ GM. The available P content of the microaggregates( 0.25 mm), and the total P content of the microaggregates was 4-to 5-times higher than that of the macroaggregates. Cultivation without organic amendments resulted in more microaggregates that could be checked by the application of organic amendments such

关键词： aggregate size fractions clay content crop rotation organic inputs soil aggregates soil particles soil physical properties

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Effect of Coronal Mass Ejection on Earth’s Magnetic Field during Ascending Phase of Solar Cycles 23-24

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期7卷 213-220页

作者： Bharti Nigam Prithvi Raj Singh Pramod Kumar Chamadia Ajay Kumar Saxena chandra mani Tiwari Govt. Autonamous P. G. Science College Satna India Department of Physics Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa India

We have studied the width and speed of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and geomagnetic disturbance storm time (Dst) Index during ascending phase of solar cycles 23 and 24. We have classified total CMEs according to angular width and speed for the ascending period 1996-2002 and 2008-2014. We have found that the width of 62% CMEs is narrow, and 3% are Halo for the solar cycle 23 and 73% CMEs are narrow, and 2% CMEs are Halo for the solar cycle 24. The speed distribution of 65% CMEs has speed ≤ 500 km/sec and 4% CMEs has speed > 1000 km/sec for solar cycle 23 and 84% CMEs has speed ≤ 500 km/sec and 1% CMEs has speed > 1000 km/sec in cycle 24. The relationship between width and speed is more pronounced for fast ejecta (>1000 km/sec.), while slower ejecta shows more astronomically immense scatter. We have reported that the correlation between Dst and CMEs for ascending phase of solar cycle 24 is less than as compare to ascending phase of solar cycle 23.

关键词： CME Dst SSN

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