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An Autopsy and Histopathology-based Study to Ascertain the Cause of Death of Brought Dead Cases

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 28-33页

作者： chandan Bandyopadhyay Prabir Chandra Paul Prabhas Chandra Chakraborty Department of Forensic and State Medicine Medical CollegeKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Pathology Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Science and HospitalKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkataand M.G.M Medical College and L S.K HospitalKishanganjBiharIndia

Background and Objectives:The cases of apparent natural deaths are encountered in the hospital casualties who are noted dead at the time of the first medical attention and as such are labeled as“Brought Dead.”These include the cases of sudden death,unexplained death,and unattended *** cause of such deaths is reported in the literature to emanate principally from the cardiovascular system,though there are some documented geographical,racial,and other *** the present study,we endeavored to detect the cause of such natural deaths in terms of the disease and the organ system involved,in the deceased individuals of the contemporary Bengali population,with cases due to obvious unnatural causes being *** and Methods:An observational,cross-sectional study with 105(n=105,male:89,female:16)study subjects of age group of 20-80 years,selected by systemic random sampling,from the brought dead subjects coming to the mortuary of the NRS Medical College and Hospital for medicolegal autopsy from April 2011 to March 2012,excluding cases having a history of the obvious unnatural *** system-wise gross examination was done,followed by tissue sampling for histopathological *** case-wise findings were tabulated and analyzed for descriptive statistics using SPSS ***:In the present study,89 cases were male(84.8%)and 16 cases were female(15.2%),which reflects a male:female ratio of 5.56:*** dead bodies are mostly recovered from the footpaths(47 cases,44%).Sixty-four(61%)cases are of known *** 54 cases out of 105(51.4%),morbid pathology is detected in the respiratory system(RS),lobar pneumonia,and cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis being the most frequent disease entity,in both ***-one years-sixty-five years is found to be the most commonly affected age group,in both *** and Conclusions:The present study shows that the most common organ system involved in brought dead cases is the RS,which is s

关键词： Autopsy brought dead cause of death histopathology

SARS-CoV-2 And The Gastrointestinal Disorders

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TMR Theory and Hypothesis 2021年第4期4卷 549-558页

作者： SADIQUE HUSSAIN chandan MOHAPATRA KESHAV TRIVEDI LAKSHIKA gupta HARSHIT BAWEJA School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jaipur National UniversityJagatpura 302017JaipurRajasthanIndia School of Engineering and Technology Jaipur National UniversityJagatpura 302017JaipurRajasthanIndia.

Since the 1918 influenza pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has produced the largest pandemic throughout the globe. SARS-CoV and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) are both members of the Beta CoV. The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has terrible implications and is currently a serious health concern throughout the world. SARS-CoV-2 affects the respiratory system first since it is the major site of entrance into the patient, but it can also damage other systems. Aside from the typical respiratory problems, several COVID-19 patients develop gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as weight loss, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. SARS-CoV-2 may infect the GI system via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, and indications of a fecal-oral transmission pathway are growing. Globally, GI disorders (GIDs) are becoming a major source of morbidity in youth. The condition has a significant financial impact on healthcare systems and hurts people's lives;nonetheless, very little is documented about the condition's worldwide prevalence and incidence. Alterations in gut sensitivity, motility, microbiota, immunological function, and central nervous system processing are all factors that contribute to GIDs. GI malfunction results in changes in changes in gut bacteria as well as an elevation in inflammatory cytokines. As a result, recognizing GI symptoms that precede COVID-19 respiratory issues may be crucial for better early identification and treatment. In GI epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa, ACE2 and transmembrane protease serine-type 2 were also discovered to be substantially expressed. SARS-CoV-2 may also infect and multiply in both GI and liver cells in a dynamic manner. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 might be a viable target for the GI tract. This review focuses on the GI complications that arise due to COVID-19 and how the CoVs give rise to GI symptoms.

关键词： COVID SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal diseases ACE2 intestinal dysfunction

Diffusion weighted imaging: Technique and applications

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第9期8卷 785-798页

作者： Vinit Baliyan chandan J Das Raju Sharma Arun Kumar gupta Department of Radiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) is a method of signal contrast generation based on the differences in Brownian motion. DWI is a method to evaluate the molecular function and micro-architecture of the human body. DWI signal contrast can be quantified by apparent diffusion coefficient maps and it acts as a tool for treatment respon-se evaluation and assessment of disease progression. Ability to detect and quantify the anisotropy of diffusion leads to a new paradigm called diffusion tensor imaging(DTI). DTI is a tool for assessment of the organs with highly organised fibre structure. DWI forms an integral part of modern state-of-art magnetic resonance imaging and is indispensable in neuroimaging and oncology. DWI is a field that has been undergoing rapid technical evolution and its applications are increasing every day. This review article provides insights in to the evolution of DWI as a new imaging paradigm and provides a summary of current role of DWI in various disease processes.

关键词： Diffusion weighted imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Onco-imaging Neuro-imaging

Diffusion weighted imaging in gynecological malignancies-present and future

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第3期8卷 288-297页

作者： Dinesh Manoharan chandan J Das Ankita Aggarwal Arun K gupta Department of Radiology Diagnosis All India Institute of Medical Science

The management of gynaecological malignancies has undergone a significant change in recent years with our improved understanding of cancer biogenetics, development of new treatment regimens and enhanced screening. Due to the rapid blooming of newer methods and techniques in gynaecology, surgery and oncology the scope and the role of imaging has also widened. Functional imaging in the form of diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) has been recently found to be very useful in assessing various tumours. Its ability to identify changes in the molecular level has dramatically changed the diagnostic approach of radiologists which was solely based on morphological criteria. It can improve the diagnostic accuracy of conventional magnetic resonance imaging, lend a hand in assessing tumour response to treatment regimens and detect tumour recurrence with better spatial resolution, negative radiation and diagnostic accuracy compared to positron emission tomography scan. The ability to quantify the diffusion has also lead to potential prediction of tumour aggressiveness and grade which directly correlate with the patient prognosis and management. Hence, it has become imperative for a radiologist to understand the concepts of DWI and its present and evolving role. In this article we present a brief description of the basics of DWI followed by its role in evaluation of female gynaecological malignancies.

关键词： Diffusion weighted imaging Female pelvis Magnetic resonance imaging Gynaecology Malignancy

MRI in central nervous system infections: A simplified patterned approach

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第9期6卷 716-725页

作者： Krithika Rangarajan chandan J Das Atin Kumar Arun Kumar gupta Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari Nagar East

Recognition and characterization of central nervous system infections poses a formidable challenge to the *** plays a vital role,the lesions typically being relatively inaccessible to tisue *** results of an accurate diagnosis are endlessly re-warding,given the availability of excellent pharmaco-logical *** availability of numerous magnetic resonance(MR)sequences which provide functional and molecular information is a powerful tool in the hands of the ***,the plethora of se-quences and the possibilities on each sequence is also intimidating,and often confusing as well as time *** a large number of reviews have already described in detail the possible imaging findings in each infection,we intend to classify infections based on their imaging *** this review we describe an algorithm for first classifying the imaging findings into patterns based on basic MR sequences(T1,T2 and enhancement pattern with Gadolinium),and then sub-classify them based on more advanced molecular and functional sequences(Diffusion,Perfusion,Susceptibili-ty imaging,MR Spectroscopy).This patterned approachis intended as a guide to radiologists in-training and in-practice for quickly narrowing their list of differentials when faced with a clinical *** entire content of the article has also been summarised in the form of flow-charts for the purpose of quick reference.

关键词： Central nervous system Infection Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Perfusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging Diffu-sion weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Perfusion computed tomography in renal cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Radiology 2015年第7期7卷 170-179页

作者： chandan J Das Usha Thingujam Ananya Panda Sanjay Sharma Arun Kumar gupta Department of Radiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Various imaging modalities are available for the diagnosis, staging and response evaluation of patients with renal cell carcinoma(RCC). While contrast enhanced computed tomography(CT) is used as the standard of imaging for size, morphological evaluation and response assessment in RCC, a new functional imaging technique like perfusion CT(p CT), goes down to the molecular level and provides new perspectives in imaging of RCC. p CT depicts regional tumor perfusion and vascular permeability which are indirect parameters of tumor angiogenesis and thereby provides vital information regarding tumor microenvironment. Also response evaluation using p CT may predate the size criteria used in Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, as changes in the perfusion occurs earlier following tissue kinase inhibitors before any actual change in size. This may potentially help in predicting prognosis, better selection of therapy and more accurate and better response evaluation in patients with RCC. This article describes the techniques and role of p CT in staging and response assessment in patients with RCCs.

关键词： Angiogenesis Anti-angiogenic therapy Perfusion computed tomography Renal cell carcinoma