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Nitrosam.nes crisis in p.arm.ceuticals-Insights on toxicological im.lications,root causes and risk assessm.nt:A system.tic review

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Journal of p.arm.ceutical Analysis 2024年第5期14卷 639-652页

作者： Hem.nth p.R.Vikram.Tegginam.th p.am.d kumar Gunjan kumar Narasim.a m.Beeraka Rajashree Deka Sheik m.ham.ed Suhail Sandeep.Jat Nam.tha Bannim.th Gayatiri p.dm.nabhan Ravandur S.chandan p.am.d kumar Bannim.th Gurup.dayya Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.ceutical Chem.stry JSS College of Pharmacy MysuruJSS Academy of Higher Education and Research(JSSAHER)Mysuru570015India Xenone Healthcare p.t.Ltd. New Delhi110076India Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.ceutics JSS College of Pharmacy MysuruJSS Academy of Higher Education and Research(JSSAHER)Mysuru570015India Dep.rtm.nt of Hum.n Anatom. I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow119991Russian Federation Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.cology Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(RIPER)Ananthapuramu515721India Herm.n B.Wells Center for p.diatric Research Department of PediatricsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA Anim.l p.ysiology and Biochem.stry Laboratory Department of ZoologyGauhati UniversityGuwahati781014India Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.cology JSS College of Pharmacy MysuruJSS Academy of Higher Education and Research(JSSAHER)Mysuru570015India Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.ceutical Analysis National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)-GuwahatiChangsari781101India Dep.rtm.nt of p.arm.cology University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

The p.esence of N-nitroso com.ounds,p.rticularly N-nitrosam.nes,in p.arm.ceutical p.oducts has raised global safety concerns due to their significant genotoxic and m.tagenic *** system.tic review investigates their toxicity in active p.arm.ceutical ingredients(Ap.s),drug p.oducts,and p.arm.ceutical excip.ents,along with novel analytical strategies for detection,root cause analysis,reform.lation strategies,and regulatory guidelines for *** review em.hasizes the m.lecular toxicity of N-nitroso com.ounds,focusing on genotoxic,m.tagenic,carcinogenic,and other p.ysiological ***,it addresses the ongoing nitrosam.ne crisis,the develop.0}nt of nitrosam.ne-free p.oducts,and the im.ortance of sensitive detection m.thods and p.ecise risk *** com.rehensive overview will aid m.lecular biologists,analytical scientists,form.lation scientists in research and develop.0}nt sector,and researchers involved in m.nagem.nt of nitrosam.ne-induced toxicity and p.om.ting safer p.arm.ceutical p.oducts.

关键词： Carcinogenicity Genotoxicity m.tagenicity m.lecular toxicity Nitrosam.ne im.urities Nitrosam.ne drug substance-related im.urities

Corrigendum.to“Nitrosam.nes crisis in p.arm.ceuticals-Insights on toxicological im.lications,root causes and risk assessm.nt:A system.tic review”[***.14(2024)100919]

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Journal of p.arm.ceutical Analysis 2024年第6期14卷 934-936页

Original statem.nt in the Section 2:*** search Our p.im.ry screening of 180 articles yielded the relevant data for this *** selection A total of 180 articles sp.nning from.1960 to the p.esent day,including original research,reviews,case rep.rts and studies rep.rting nitrosam.ne im.urities above the no-observed-adverse-effect levels(NOAEL)established by regulatory agencies,were initially *** the p.im.ry screening,we considered factors such as relevance,p.blication date,access to the full article text,and content.

关键词： statem.nt initially sp.nning

Im.act of frailty on endoscop.c retrograde cholangiop.ncreatograp.y outcom.s in nonagenarians:A United States national exp.rience

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscop. 2024年第3期16卷 148-156页

作者： Sanket Dhirubhai Basida Dushyant Singh Dahiya m.ham.ad Nadeem.Yousaf Brinda Basida Bhanu Siva m.han p.nnam.m.nesh kumar Gangwani Hassam.Ali Sahib Singh Yash R Shah Daksh Ahluwalia m.hir p.akash Shah Saurabh chandan Neil R Sharm. Shyam.Thakkar Dep.rtm.nt of Internal m.dicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Dep.rtm.nt of Rheum.tology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityNorth AugustaGA 30912United States Dep.rtm.nt of Internal m.dicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Dep.rtm.nt of Internal m.dicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Dep.rtm.nt of Internal m.dicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Dep.rtm.nt of Internal m.dicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Interventional Oncology&Surgical Endoscop. GI Oncology Tumor Site TeamParkview Cancer InstituteParkview HealthFort WayneIN 46845United States Section of Gastroenterology&Hep.tology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUND Endoscop.c retrograde cholangiop.ncreatograp.y(ERCp.is an essential therap.utic tool for biliary and p.ncreatic *** and elderly p.tients,esp.cially those aged≥90 years are generally considered a higher-risk p.p.lation for ERCp.related *** To investigate outcom.s of ERCp.in the Non-agenarian p.p.lation(≥90 years)concerning *** This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readm.ssion *** aged≥90 were identified who underwent ERCp.using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical *** Hop.ins’s adjusted clinical group. frailty indicator was used to classify p.tients as frail and *** p.im.ry outcom. was m.rtality,and the secondary outcom.s were m.rbidity and the 30 d readm.ssion rate related to *** used univariate and m.ltivariate regression m.dels for *** A total of 9448 p.tients were adm.tted for any indications of *** and non-frail p.tients were 3445(36.46%)and 6003(63.53%)*** for ERCp.were Choledocholithiasis(74.84%),Biliary p.ncreatitis(9.19%),p.ncreatico-biliary cancer(7.6%),Biliary stricture(4.84%),and Cholangitis(1.51%).m.rtality rates were higher in frail group.adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.68,p.0.02].The Intra-p.ocedural com.lications were insigni-ficant between the two group. which included bleeding(aOR=0.72,p.0.67),accidental p.nctures/lacerations(aOR=0.77,p.0.5),and m.chanical ventilation rates(aOR=1.19,p.0.6).p.st-ERCp.com.lication rate was sim.lar for bleeding(aOR=0.72,p.0.41)and p.st-ERCp.p.ncreatitis(aOR=1.4,p.0.44).Frail p.tients had a longer length of stay(6.7 d vs 5.5 d)and higher m.an total charges of hosp.talization($78807 vs$71392)com.ared to controls(p.0.001).The 30 d all-cause readm.ssion rates between frail and non-frail p.tients were sim.lar(p.0.96).CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher m.rtality risk and healthcare burden am.ngst nonagenarian frail p.tients undergoing ERCp.com.ared

关键词： Endoscop.c retrograde cholangiop.ncreatograp.y Nonagenarians Frailty m.rtality Healthcare burden

Blockchain-based p.er-to-p.er Transactive Energy System.for Com.unity m.crogrid with Dem.nd Resp.nse m.nagem.nt

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CSEE Journal of p.wer and Energy System. 2022年第1期8卷 198-211页

作者： Hanum.ntha Rao Bokkisam.Shashank Singh Ritesh m.han Acharya m.p.selvan National Institute of Technology Tiruchirap.alli Tamilnadu 620015India Dep.rtm.nt National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamilnadu 620015India

Interest in transactive energy fram.works(TEFs)is p.oliferating due to the m.dern sm.rt grid *** p.p.r p.op.ses a TEF,which ap.lies auction-theory,incorp.rates a system.of agents,and facilitates a transactive energy m.rket(TEm.through an ***,it also enables p.er-to-p.er(p.p.energy trading am.ng the residential buildings in com.unity m.crogrid for p.ssible m.netary *** this fram.work,there are three agents,nam.ly,auctioneer,p.rticip.nts,and *** auctioneer is a m.naging agent m.deled using auction theory to determ.ne day-ahead internal m.rket-clearing p.ice and *** p.rticip.nts are autonom.us and rational decision-m.kers;they aim.to m.nim.ze their electricity bills through the dem.nd resp.nse(DR)*** typ.s of architectures,one with the third-p.rty agent dem.nstrated using the m.TLAB environm.nt and the other with the virtual agent(without third-p.rty)im.lem.nted using the blockchain environm.nt are *** sim.lation results reflect significant m.netary benefits to each m.rket p.rticip.nt,im.roved com.unity selfsufficiency,self-consum.tion,and reduced reliance on the utility grid.

关键词： Blockchain dem.nd resp.nse op.im.zation p.p.energy trading sm.rt contracts and transactive energy

Geochem.cal system.tics of the m.uranip.r-Babina greenstone belt,Bundelkhand Craton,Central India:Insights on Neoarchean m.ntle p.um.-arc accretion and crustal evolution

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 769-788页

作者： S.p.Singh K.S.V.Subram.nyam.C.m.nikyam.a m.Santosh m.Rajanikanta Singh B.chandan kumar Dep.rtm.nt of Geology Institute of Earth SciencesBundelkhand UniversityJhansiU.P284128India CSIR-National Geop.ysical Research Institute Uppal RoadHyderabad500007India Dep.rtm.nt of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideAustralia School of Earth Science&Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijingChina Dep.rtm.nt of Geology Central University of KeralaKasaragodKerala671316India

The Neoarchean Bundelkhand greenstone sequences at m.uranip.r and Babina areas within the Bundelkhand Gneissic Com.lex p.eserve a variety of m.gm.tic rocks such as kom.tiitic basalts, basalts,felsic volcanic rocks and high-m. andesites belonging to the Baragaon, Rasp.hari and Koti *** intrusive and extrusive kom.tiitic basalts are characterized by low SiO_2(39-53 wt.%), high m.O(18-25 wt.%).m.derately high Fe_2O_3(7.1-11.6 wt.%), Al_2O_3(4.5-12.0 wt.%), and TiO_2(0.4-1.23 wt.%)with sup.r to subchondritic(Gd/Yb)N ratios indicating garnet control on the m.lts. The intrusive kom.tiitic suite of Ti-enriched and Al-dep.eted typ. p.ssesses p.edom.nant negative Eu and p.sitive Nb, Ti and Y anom.lies. The chem.cal com.osition of basalts classifies them.into three typ.s with varying SiO_2, TiO_2, m.O, Fe_2O_3, Al_2O_3 and CaO. At sim.lar SiO_2 content of typ. Ⅰ and Ⅲ basalts, the typ. II basalts show slightly high Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3 contents. Significant negative anom.lies of Nb, Zr, Hf and Ti, slightly enriched LREE with relatively flat HREE and low ∑REE contents are observed in typ. Ⅰ and Ⅱ basalts. Typ.Ⅲ basalts show high Zr/Nb ratios(9.8-10.4), TiO_2(1.97-2.04 wt.%), but p.ssess strikingly flat Zr, Hf, Y and Yb and are uncontam.nated. Andesites from.Agar and Koti have high SiO_2(55-64 wt.%), m.derate TiO_2(0.4-0.7 wt.%), slightly low Al_2O_3(7-11.9 wt.%), m.dium.to high m.O(3-8 wt.%) and CaO contents(10-17 wt.%). Anom.lously high Cr, Co and Ni contents are observed in the Koti rhyolites. Tholeiitic to calc alkaline affinity of m.fic-felsic volcanic rocks and basalt-andesite dacite-rhyolite differentiation indicate a m.ture arc and thickened crust during the advanced stage of the evolution of Neoarchean Bundelkhand greenstone belt in a convergent tectonic setting where the m.lts were derived from.p.rtial m.lting of thick basaltic crust m.tam.rp.osed to am.hibolite-eclogite facies. The trace elem.nt system.tics suggest the p.esence of arc-back arc association w

关键词： Bundelkhand craton Greenstone belts m.ntle dynam.cs p.um.-arc accretion Neoarchean crustal evolution

DC-Link Cap.citor Op.im.zation in AC–DC Converter by Load Current p.ediction

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2023年第4期36卷 1043-1062页

作者： V.V.Nijil p.selvan Erode Sengunthar Engineering College PerunduraiErode638057India

Alternating Current–Direct Current(AC–DC)converters require a high value bulk cap.citor or aﬁlter cap.citor between the DC–DC conversion stages,which in turn causes m.ny p.oblem. in the design of a AC–DC *** com.onent p.ckage size for this cap.citor is large due to its high voltage rating and cap.citance *** addition,the high charging current creates m.re p.o-blem. during the p.oduct com.liance testing *** shelf life of these sp.ciﬁc high value cap.citors is less than that of m.ltilayer Ceram.c Cap.citors(m.CC),which lim.ts its use for the highly reliable *** p.p.r p.esents a fea-sibility study to overcom. these two p.oblem. by adding a few sensing m.chan-ism. to the typ.cal AC–DC converter *** m.jority of the AC–DC converter,Al-Elko cap.citor takes ap.roxim.tely 3%to 5%of the converter *** p.op.sed m.thod reduces this to ap.roxim.tely 50%size and so it effectively ap.roxim.tes 2%to 3%size reduction in converter *** p.op.sed m.thod basically works based on the load current p.ediction m.thod and hence it is highly suitable for the constant load ***,the converter resp.nse tim. increases in this m.thod,which lim.t its ap.lication in high-sp.ed *** high tem.erature ap.lication of Al-Elko cap.citor is lim.ted because of its p.or p.rform.nce,which is signiﬁcantly rectiﬁed by rep.acing the Al-Elko with m.CC as it delivers good p.rform.nce in high tem.erature.

关键词： DC link cap.citor op.im.zation AC–DC converter inp.t rip.le reduction alum.num.cap.citor rem.val CRp value engineering

Sm.rt residential energy m.nagem.nt system.for dem.nd resp.nse in buildings with energy storage devices

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第4期13卷 715-730页

作者： S.L.ARUN m.p.selvan Hybrid Electrical System. Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli-620015India

In the p.esent scenario,the utilities are focusing on sm.rt grid technologies to achieve reliable and p.ofitable grid *** side m.nagem.nt(DSm.is one of such sm.rt grid technologies which m.tivate end users to actively p.rticip.te in the electricity m.rket by p.oviding *** are exp.cted to resp.nd(dem.nd resp.nse(DR))in various ways to attain these ***,residential consum.rs are interested in energy storage devices such as battery to reduce p.wer consum.tion from.the utility during p.ak *** this p.p.r,the use of a sm.rt residential energy m.nagem.nt system.SREm.)is dem.nstrated at the consum.r p.em.ses to reduce the total electricity bill by op.im.lly tim. scheduling the op.ration of household ***,the SREm. effectively utilizes the battery by scheduling the m.de of op.ration of the battery(charging/floating/discharging)and the am.unt of p.wer exchange from.the battery while considering the variations in consum.r dem.nd and utility p.ram.ters such as electricity p.ice and consum.r consum.tion lim.t(CCL).The SREm. fram.work is im.lem.nted in m.tlab and the case study results show significant yields for the end user.

关键词： sm.rt grid dem.nd side m.nagem.nt(DSm. dem.nd resp.nse(DR) sm.rt building sm.rt ap.liances energy storage

Three-Dim.nsional Num.rical m.deling of an Ar-N_2 p.asm. Arc Inside a Non-Transferred Torch

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p.asm. Science and Technology 2009年第6期11卷 679-687页

作者： B.selvan K.RAm.CHANDRAN K.p.SREEkumar T.K.THIYAGARAJAN p.V.ANANTHAp.Dm.NABHAN School of m.chanical and Building Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityVellore 632014India Laser and p.asm. Technology Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

A three-dim.nsional num.rical m.del is develop.d to study the behaviour of an argon-nitrogen p.asm. arc inside a non-transferred torch. In this m.del, both the entire cathode and anode nozzle are considered to sim.late the p.asm. arc. The argon-nitrogen p.asm. arc is sim.lated for different arc currents and gas flow rates of argon. Various com.inations of arc core radius and arc length, which corresp.nd to a given torch p.wer, are p.edicted. A m.st feasible com.ination of the sam., which corresp.nds to an actual p.ysical situation of the arc inside the torch, is identified using the therm.dynam.c p.incip.e of m.nim.m.entrop. p.oduction for a p.rticular torch p.wer. The effect of the arc current and gas flow rate on the p.asm. arc characteristics and torch efficiency is exp.ained. The effect of the nitrogen content in the p.asm. gas on the torch p.wer and efficiency is clearly detected. p.edicted torch efficiencies are com.arable to the m.asured ones and the effect of the arc current and gas flow rate on p.edicted and m.asured efficiencies is alm.st sim.lar. The efficiency of the torch, cathode and anode losses and core tem.erature and velocity at the nozzle exit are rep.rted for five different cases.

关键词： p.asm. arc num.rical m.deling p.asm. torch m.nim.m.entrop. p.oduction electro-therm.l efficiency

Unified m.p. Controller for p.rtially Shaded p.nels in a p.otovoltaic Array

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International Journal of Autom.tion and com.uting 2014年第5期11卷 536-542页

作者： R.Sridhar S.Jeevananthan S.S.Dash N.T.selvan Dep.rtm.nt of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SRM University Dep.rtm.nt of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College

The p.wer outp.t of the p.otovoltaic(p.) system.having m.ltip.e arrays gets reduced to a great extent when it is p.rtially shaded due to environm.ntal hindrances. The m.xim.m.p.wer trackers which are conventionally used m.y not be com.etent enough to find the m.xim.m.p.wer p.int(m.p. during p.rtially shaded conditions. The sensible reason for the failure of conventional trackers is during p.rtial shaded conditions the p. arrays exhibit m.lti p.ak p.wer curves, thereby m.king sim.le m.xim.m.p.wer p.int tracking(m.p.) algorithm. like p.rturb and observe(p.O) to get stuck with local m.xim. instead of cap.uring global ***, global search m.p. aided by evolutionary and swarm.intelligence algorithm. will be conducive to find global p.wer p.int during p.rtially shaded conditions. This work suggests a unified controller which feeds control signal to its p.wer electronic conditioner p.aced at each m.dule. The evolutionary algorithm.which is taken into consideration in this work is differential evolution(DE).The p.rform.nce of the p.op.sed m.thod is com.ared to the classical un-dim.nsional search controller and it is evident from.the m.tlab/Sim.link results that the unified controller p.evails over the distributed counterp.rt.

关键词： m.xim.m.p.wer p.int tracking (m.p.) solar energy p.otovoltaic (p.) differential evolution (DE) solar p.wer generation evolutionary algorithm soft com.uting