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Crustal stabilization:Evidence from the geochemistry and U–Pb detrital zircon geochronology of quartzites from simlipal Complex,singhbhum Craton,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 46-61页

作者： C.s.sindhuja Arijit Pahari C.Manikyamba M.santosh Li Tang Jyotisankar Ray k.s.V.subramanyam Madhuparna paul I.Gonzalez-Alvarez P.C.sruthi CsIR(Council of scientific and Industrial Research)-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI) Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India school of Earth science and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Geology University of CalcuttaKolkataIndia CsIRO Mineral ResourcesWestern AustraliaAustralia

Cratonic stabilization was a critical crustal process during the Hadean to Archean for the formation of *** understanding of how and where this process took place is significant to evaluate the architecture of *** singhbhum Craton of eastern India has well preserved Precambrian volcanosedimentary *** simlipal volcano-sedimentary complex of singhbhum Craton consists of circular bands of mafic volcanic rocks interlayered with quartzites/shales/*** the present study,we report petrographic and geochemical characteristics of quartzites from simlipal Complex coupled with U–Pb ages of detrital zircons and zircon geochemistry to understand the provenance and depositional conditions and its connection with the crustal stabilization in the singhbhum *** quartzites are texturally mature with sub-angular to sub-rounded quartz grains followed by feldspars embedded in a silty *** on modal compositions and major element ratios,these quartzites are categorized as quartz arenite and sub-lithic *** element abundances normalized to Archean Upper Continental Crust(AUCC)display positive anomalies at U,Zr,Hf and negative anomalies at *** patterns are characterized by negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)=0.47–0.97)and flat HREE suggesting felsic *** quartzites show depletion of LILE,enrichment of HFsE and transition metals relative to *** weathering indices such as CIA,PIA,and ICV are suggestive of moderate to intense chemical *** trace element ratios such as Th/Cr,Th/sc,La/sc,La/Co and Th/Co indicate a predominantly felsic source for these *** overall geochemical signatures indicate passive margin deposition for these *** zircons from the simlipal quartzites yield U–Pb ages 3156±31 Ma suggesting Mesoarchean crustal *** trace element geochemistry of detrital zircons suggests that the zircons are magmatic in origin and possibly derived from the 3.1 Ga anorogenic grani

关键词： Quartzites simlipal Complex singhbhum Craton U-Pb geochronology Crustal stablilization

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social interactions in striped hyena inferred from camera trap data:is it more social than previously thought?

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Current Zoology 2020年第4期66卷 345-353页

作者： Jonathan TICHON Jason s.GILCHRIsT Guy ROTEM paul Ward Orr spiegel Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben-Gurion 84990Israel school of Applied sciences Edinburgh Napier University1 Sighthll CourtEdinburgh EH114BNUK spatial Ecology Laboratory Department of Life SciencesBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShebaIsrael Faculty of Lifle sciences School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversiyTel Aviv 69978Israel

Understanding the drivers promoting sociality over solitariness in animal species is imperative for predicting future population trends and informing conservation and *** this study we investigate the social structure of a desert dwelling population of striped hyena Hyaena *** species is historically regarded as strictly solitary albeit being the least studied of the extant *** evidence regarding the frequency of social interactions sug-gests a revision of striped hyena social structure is *** hypothesized that striped hyena has a social structure that is more complex than expected for a strictly solitary *** that end,we deployed an array of camera-traps in a remote desert region in Israel,and compared observed frequencies of striped hyena co-occurrence against null models to test whether hyena co-occurred more than expected by *** adults were(re)captured by our camera-traps in 49 different instances over 83 tracking *** these,6 exhibited shared space-use around a scarce,isolated perennial water *** of them,co-occurred with other hyena(in 3 instan-ces)significantly more frequent than expected by chance(and that timing suggests reproduction is unlikely to be the driving factor).Our findings substantiate evidence of complex social structure in striped hyena,highlight the importance of a scarce resource in space use and sociality,and provide a baseline for future research of striped hyena social *** suggest that similar methods be employed to evaluate social structure in other"solitary species"to better under-stand their social dynamics.

关键词： behavioral ecology cluster in space Hyaena hyaena social iteracin striped hyena social structure

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Tunable filter Raman spectroscopy of purified semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2016年第9期9卷 2715-2728页

作者： paul Finnie security and Disruptive Technologies Portfolio National Research Council Canada1200 Montreal RoadOttawaOntarioK1A 0R6Canada

Tunable filter Raman spectroscopy is used to efficiently produce Raman excitation maps of unpurified and type-purified single walled carbon nanotubes (sWCNTs). Maps with fine excitation resolution (1 nm) are created over a wide wavelength range (727 to 980 nm), extending from metallic to semiconducting resonances. At a given wavelength, the wide bandwidth (>3,000 cm–1) allows the comparison of the G band with the radial breathing mode (RBM), and shows the 2D band and other less prominent bands. Materials examined included unsorted powders, aqueous sorted semiconductors, aqueous sorted metals, and polyfluorene sorted semiconductors in toluene. The Raman excitation profiles of the G band are broad, relative to the RBM bands. The maps offer evidence of minority species contamination, except in the case of the polyfluorene sorted semiconductors. Tunable Raman spectroscopy data help validate the simpler fixed wavelength Raman spectroscopy approaches to purity assessment. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016, Tsinghua University Press and springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： single walled carbon nanotube (sWCNT) tunable Raman spectroscop purity metallicity

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Compaction of coated multi-particulates

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical sciences 2016年第1期11卷 12-13页

作者： paul W.s.Heng GEA-NUs Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore

There has been a strong interest for controlled release solid dosage forms,and to achieve controlled release,coating of particulates is often attempted to modify drug *** to the disadvantages of coated single-unit dosage forms,such as occurrences of dose dumping and local irritation,coated multiparticulates are often ***,coated multiparticulates are often filled into *** tablet dosage form is more desirable than capsules as the unit production costs of tablets are lower and tablet presses are more common.

关键词： Coated multi-particulates Controlled release solid dosage forms

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A tabletop X-ray tomography instrument for nanometer-scale imaging: reconstructions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第2期9卷 249-259页

作者： Zachary H.Levine Bradley k.Alpert Amber L Dagel Joseph W.Fowler Edward s.Jimenez Nathan Nakamura Daniel s.swetz paul szypyt kyle R.Thompson Joel N.Ulom National Institute of standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA National Institute of standards and Technology BoulderCO 80305USA sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM 87123USA Department of Physics University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA

We show three-dimensional reconstructions of a region of an integrated circuit from a 130 nm copper *** reconstructions employ x-ray computed tomography,measured with a new and innovative high-magnification x-ray *** instrument uses a focused electron beam to generate x-rays in a 100 nm spot and energy-resolving x-ray detectors that minimize backgrounds and hold promise for the identification of materials within the *** x-ray generation target,a layer of platinum,is fabricated on the circuit wafer itself.A region of interest is imaged from a limited range of angles and without physically removing the region from the larger *** reconstruction is consistent with the circuit's design file.

关键词： process removing platinum

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keggin-type H_4PVMo_(11)O_(40)-based catalysts for the isobutane selective oxidation

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science China Chemistry 2010年第9期53卷 2039-2046页

作者： paul sébastien sULTAN Manzoor BORDEs-RICHARD Elisabeth Université Lille Nord de France ECLilleUnité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide(UMR CNRS 8181)Cité Scientifique Université Lille Nord de France ENSCLUnité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide(UMR CNRS 8181)Cité Scientifique

Cesium heteropolysalts Cs3PMo12O40 and HCs3PVMo11O40 were synthesized by modifying the preparation conditions in order to get materials with a much higher surface area than the original keggin-type heteropolyacids(H3PMo12O40 and H4PVMo11O40).These solids were used as carriers for the dispersion of H4PVMo11O40 heteropolyacid by the incipient wetness impregnation *** textural and structural properties of supports and catalysts were examined by scanning electron microscopy,N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and Raman *** supported catalysts were studied before and after red/ox pretreatments by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,which showed that both the surface composition and oxidized to reduced species ratio depend on the used *** catalytic performances of these novel supported catalysts in the selective oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid and methacrolein were *** best catalytic properties were obtained when H4PVMo11O40 was supported on *** isobutane conversion and yield of the desired oxygenates increased along the unsupported H4PVMo11O40s3PMo12O40s3PVMo11O40 series.

关键词： cesium heteropolysalts supports supported H4PVMo11O40 red/ox XPs isobutane selective oxidation keggin-type heteropolycompounds

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A nonparametric estimation of the infection curve

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science China Mathematics 2011年第9期54卷 1815-1828页

作者： LIN HuaZhen YIP paul s. F HUGGINs Richard M school of statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130 China social Work and social Administration University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Mathematics and statistics The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

Predicting the future course of an epidemic depends on being able to estimate the current numbers of infected ***,while back-projection techniques allow reliable estimation of the numbers of infected individuals in the more distant past,they are less reliable in the recent *** propose two new nonparametric methods to estimate the unobserved numbers of infected individuals in the recent past in an *** proposed methods are noniterative,easily computed and asymptotically normal with simple variance *** show that the proposed methods are much more robust and accurate than the existing back projection method,especially for the recent past,which is our primary *** apply the proposed methods to the 2003 severe Acute Respiratory syndorme(sARs) epidemic in Hong kong.

关键词： epidemic back-projection nonparametric method infection curve

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Traditional Chinese Medicine and COVID-19:Experiences,Lessons,and suggestions

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2022年第4期5卷 241-247页

作者： Zuo-Biao Yuan paul s.Amieux Yi Acupuncture&Chinese Medicine Edina 55439USA Bastyr University Kenmore 98028USA

Coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19) has now entered its third year as a worldwide pandemic. Unlike the Unites states,over 90% of patients have used traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in China combined with conventional western *** present minireview/commentary summarizes the experiences of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19 combined with conventional western medicine, lessons from the United states and some additional insights. COVID-19 falls into the category of “dampness-toxin plague” and is divided into five stages: mild stage, moderate stage, severe stage, critical stage, and recovery stage. Clinical trials conducted in China have suggested that TCM treatment plays a significant role in alleviating clinical symptoms, decreasing the time of hospitalization, reducing the overall fatality rate, and providing other beneficial outcomes when combined with conventional western medicine. To date, TCM is not widely used in the American hospital system. Only one TCM clinical trial to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 has been registered with ***. A suggestion of dialogues among associated parties is proposed. TCM has been used as part of an integrative medicine treatment paradigm combined with conventional western medicine for COVID-19 in China. As registered clinical trials combining conventional western medicine with TCM continue to be produced and show positive benefits, the possibilities for TCM integration into treatment protocols for COVID-19 will become more of a possibility in the United states.

关键词： Acupuncture COVID-19 Dialogue Miscommunication Traditional Chinese medicine

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Ultrahigh quantum efficiency photodetector and ultrafast reversible surface wettability transition of square In2O3 nanowires

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Nano Research 2017年第8期10卷 2772-2781页

作者： Ming Meng Xinglong Wu Xiaoli Ji Zhixing Gan Lizhe Liu Jiancang shen paul k. Chu school of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 China key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics MOE Institute of Acoustics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Notional Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University Nonjing 210093 China school of Electronic science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology of Jiangsu Province School of Physical Science and Technology Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China Department of Physics and Materials science City University ofHong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China

Due to a large surface-to-volume ratio, the optoelectronic performance of low- dimensional semiconductor nanostructure-based photodetectors depends in principle on chemisorption/photodesorption at the exposed surface, but practical examples that show such an effect are still unavailable. some theoretical calculations have predicted that the {001} facets of In2O3 can effectively accumulate photogenerated holes under irradiation, providing a model material to examine whether the facet cutting of nanowires （NWs） can boost their optoelectronic performance. Herein, we present the design and construction of a novel nanowire-based photodetector using square In2O3 NWs with four exposed {001} crystal facets. The photodetector delivers excellent optoelectronic performance with excellent repeatability, fast response speed, high spectral responsivity （Rλ）, and high external quantum efficiency （EQE）. The Rλ and EQE values are as high as 4.8 × 10^6 A/W and 1.46 × 10^9%, respectively, which are larger than those of other popular semiconductor photodetectors. In addition, the square In2O3 NWs show hydrophobic wettability as manifested by a contact angle of 118° and a fast photoinduced reversible switching behavior is observed.

关键词： square In2O3 nanowires crystal facet photodetector reversible wettability transition

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Geochemistry and zircon sHRIMP U-Pb dating of granitoids from the west segment of the North Qaidam

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science China Earth sciences 2009年第11期52卷 1771-1790页

作者： Joseph L.WOODEN paul T.ROBINsON Frank k.MAZDAB Chris MATTINsON Department of Earth and Environmental sciences Stanford University Department of Earth sciences Dalhousie University

Granitoid intrusives such as saishitenshan, Tuanyushan, Aolaohe and sanchagou occur widely in the western segment of North Qaidam. All these bodies trend NW, roughly parallel to the regional structure. Zircon sHRIMP dating for these granites show that they range in age from Ordovician to Permian; 465.4±3.5 Ma for saishitenshan, 469.7±4.6 Ma and 443.5±3.6 Ma for Tuanyushan, 372.1±2.6 Ma for Aolaohe, and 271.2±1.5 Ma and 259.9±1.2 Ma for sanchagou. Both the Tuanyshan and Aolaohe plutons record two distinct intrusive events. Geochemically, the early Paleozoic granites have an island arc or active continental margin affinity, and their protolith may have been Mesoproterozoic oceanic crust derived from depleted mantle. The protolith of the late Paleozoic granites may have been Mesoproterozoic lower crust from the root of an island arc with the magmas reflecting a mixture of mantle and crustal material.

关键词： granitoid zircon sHRIMP U-Pb dating North Qaidam

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