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Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

肝脏类器官在肝脏疾病模型与移植治疗中的应用潜力

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第8期29卷 1684-1692页

作者：袁维勃刘婵余丽梅遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室贵州省遵义市563003 遵义医科大学教育部省部共建组织损伤修复与再生医学协同创新中心贵州省遵义市563000 遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省干细胞临床应用与新药研发工程研究中心贵州省遵义市563003 遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省生物治疗人才基地贵州省遵义市563003 遵义医科大学附属医院遵义市干细胞与再生医学工程研究中心贵州省遵义市563003

背景:肝脏类器官对阐明肝脏疾病的确切病理机制及对肝脏疾病的治疗具有重要的意义。目的:总结目前国内外该领域的基础研究,回顾以往肝脏类器官的构建、疾病建模和移植治疗的重要研究进展,探讨肝脏类器官联合组织工程技术的应用前景。方... 详细信息

背景:肝脏类器官对阐明肝脏疾病的确切病理机制及对肝脏疾病的治疗具有重要的意义。目的:总结目前国内外该领域的基础研究,回顾以往肝脏类器官的构建、疾病建模和移植治疗的重要研究进展,探讨肝脏类器官联合组织工程技术的应用前景。方法:检索PubMed数据库及中国知网数据库收录的相关文献,英文检索词为“liver,organoids,liver diseases”,中文检索词为“肝,类器官,肝脏疾病”,主要检索时限为2018年4月至2024年4月,通过人工阅读排除重复文献等,最终纳入94篇文献进行归纳分析。结果与结论:①肝脏类器官构建的种子细胞主要集中于成体细胞和多能干细胞,通过辅助各种细胞因子参与信号引导作用和细胞外基质提供3D微环境,促进类器官的产生,但是整体成熟度不高,有望通过结合组织工程技术改善这一问题;②体外疾病建模方面主要在简单疾病和单基因遗传病领域研究较多,类器官高度保留患者遗传特性,有望通过结合CRISPR-Cas9基因矫正和其他新兴技术模拟更复杂的肝脏疾病并阐明更深层次的病理机制;③体内移植治疗方面,肝脏类器官能够安全有效的植入,表现出惊人的肝功能替代潜力及组织再生能力,并且还可能通过与其他组织工程材料结合达到治疗目的。

关键词：肝脏类器官干细胞种子细胞肝脏疾病疾病建模体内移植综述

On the validity of microscopic calculations of double-quantum-dot spin qubits based on Fock-Darwin states

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第4期61卷 36-43页

作者： GuoXuan chan Xin Wang Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 51805Z China

We consider two typical approximations that are used in the microscopic calculations of double-quantum dot spin qubits, namely,the Heitler-London(HL) and the Hund-Mulliken(HM) approximations, which use linear combinations of Fock-Darwin states to approximate the two-electron states under the double-well confinement potential. We compared these results to a case in which the solution to a one-dimensional Schr ¨odinger equation was exactly known and found that typical microscopic calculations based on Fock-Darwin states substantially underestimate the value of the exchange interaction, which is the key parameter that controls the quantum dot spin qubits. This underestimation originates from the lack of tunneling of Fock-Darwin states, which is accurate only in the case with a single potential well. Our results suggest that the accuracies of the current two-dimensional molecularorbit-theoretical calculations based on Fock-Darwin states should be revisited since underestimation could only deteriorate in dimensions that are higher than one.

关键词： spin qubits double quantum dots exchange interaction

PRECONDITIONED CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHODS FOR INTEGRAL EQUATIONS OF THE SECOND KIND DEFINED ON THE HALF-LINE

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1996年第3期14卷 223-236页

作者： chan, RH Lin, FR CHINESE UNIV HONG KONG DEPT MATHSHATINHONG KONG UNIV HONG KONG DEPT MATHHONG KONGHONG KONG

We consider solving integral equations of the second kind defined on the half-line [0, infinity) by the preconditioned conjugate gradient method. Convergence is known to be slow due to the non-compactness of the associated integral operator. In this paper, we construct two different circulant integral operators to be used as preconditioners for the method to speed up its convergence rate. We prove that if the given integral operator is close to a convolution-type integral operator, then the preconditioned systems will have spectrum clustered around 1 and hence the preconditioned conjugate gradient method will converge superlinearly. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the fast convergence.

关键词： Math Cr PRECONDITIONED CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHODS FOR INTEGRAL EQUATIONS OF THE SECOND KIND DEFINED ON THE HALF-LINE Pro III

Heterogeneous Structure Design to Strengthen Carbon-Containing CoCrFeNi High Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第11期34卷 1503-1510页

作者： Xiaomeng Qin chan Hung Shek Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China

A carbon-containing CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy(HEA)with heterogeneous structures was obtained through thermomechanical treatments,which induced concurrent recrystallization and carbide precipitation in the alloy.A combination of high yield strength(556 MPa)and large uniform elongation(45%)was achieved in the investigated *** enhancement of the strength is attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement,precipitation strengthening and microstructural *** work demonstrated that the heterogeneity design could be realized by thermomechanical processes,which provided a practical strategy for producing HEAs with high performance.

关键词： High entropy alloy Heterogeneous structures Mechanical properties Interstitial

Distribution of a Certain Partition Function Modulo Powers of Primes

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第4期27卷 625-634页

作者： Hei-Chi chan Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Illinois at Springfield Springfield IL 62703-5407 USA

In this paper, we study a certain partition function a（n） defined by ∑n≥0 a（n）qn ：= ∏n=1（1- qn）-1（1 -2n）-1. We prove that given a positive integer j 〉 1 and a prime m _〉 5, there are infinitely many congruences of the type a（An ＋ B） ≡ 0 （rood m3）. This work is inspired by Ono＇s ground breaking result in the study of the distribution of the partition function p（n）.

关键词： Distribution of partition function Ono's theorem Ramanujan's congruences

The evolution and refinement of vasoepididymostomy techniques

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 49-55页

作者： Peter T chan Department of Urology Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Health Center Montreal Quebec H3A 1A1 Canada

Obstructive azoospermia secondary to epididymal obstruction can be corrected by microsurgical reconstruction with vasoepididymostomy （VE）. Although alternative management such as epididymal or testicular sperm aspiration in conjunction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection is feasible, various studies have established the superior cost-effectiveness of VE as a treatment of choice. Microsurgical VE is considered one of the most technically challenging microsurgeries. Its success rate is highly dependent on the skills and experience of the surgeons. Various techniques have been described in the literature for VE. We have pioneered a technique known as longitudinal intussusception VE （LIVE） in which the epididymal tubule is opened longitudinally to obtain a larger opening to allow its tubular content to pass through the anastomosis. Our preliminary data demonstrated a patency rate of over 90%. This technique has been widely referenced in the recent literature including robotic-assisted microsurgery. The history of the development of different VE approaches, the oreoDerative evaluation along with the techniaues of various VE will be described in this article.

关键词： longitudinal intussusception vasoepididymostomy (LIVE) intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) male infertility microsurgery obstructive azoospermia vasoepididymostomy (VE)

Novel roles of Skp2 E3 ligase in cellular senescence,cancer progression,and metastasis

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癌症 2012年第4期31卷 169-177页

作者： Chia-Hsin chan Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) belongs to the F-box protein *** is a component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase ***2 has been shown to regulate cellular proliferation by targeting several cell cycle-regulated proteins for ubiquitination and degradation,including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor ***2 has also been demonstrated to display an oncogenic function since its overexpression has been observed in many human *** review discusses the recent discoveries on the novel roles of Skp2 in regulating cellular senescence,cancer progression,and metastasis,as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting Skp2 for human cancer treatment.

关键词： Skp2 p53 RhoA cellular senescence metastasis cancer therapy

Can cold dark matter paradigm explain the central-surface-densities relation?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第7期17卷 109-114页

作者： Man-Ho chan Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong

Recently, a very strong correlation between the central surface density of stars and dynamical mass in 135 disk galaxies has been obtained. It has been shown that this central-surface-densities relation agrees very well with Modified Newtonian Dynamics（MOND）. In this article, we show that if we assume the baryons have an isothermal distribution and dark matter exists, then it is possible to derive by means of the Jeans equation an analytic central-surface-densities relation connecting dark matter and baryons that agrees with the observed relation. We find that the observed central-surface-densities relation can also be accommodated in the context of dark matter provided the latter is described by an isothermal profile. Therefore, the observed relation is consistent with not only MOND.

关键词： (cosmology:) dark matter