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Incorporating within- and between-patch resource selection in identification of critical habitat for brood-rearing greater sage-grouse

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Ecological Processes 2015年第1期4卷 57-71页

作者： Matthew R Dzialak chad v olson Stephen L Webb Seth M Harju Jeffrey B Winstead Hayden-Wing Associates LLCNatural Resource ConsultantsLaramieWY 2308 South 8th StreetUSA The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation 2510 Sam Noble ParkwayArdmoreOK 73401USA

Introduction:Incorporating information on animal behavior in resource-based predictive modeling(e.g.,occurrence mapping)can elucidate the relationship between process and spatial pattern and depict habitat in terms of its structure as well as its *** this paper,we assigned location data on brood-rearing greater sage-grouse(Centrocercus urophasianus)to either within-patch(encamped)or between-patch(traveling)behavioral modes by estimating a movement-based relative displacement *** were to estimate and validate spatially explicit models of within-versus between-patch resource selection for application in habitat management and compare these models to a non-behaviorally adjusted ***:A single model,the vegetation and water resources model,was most plausible for both the encamped and traveling modes,including the non-behaviorally adjusted *** encamped,sage-grouse selected for taller shrubs,avoided bare ground,and were closer to mesic *** sage-grouse selected for greater litter cover and herbaceous *** for proximity to mesic areas was common to both encamped and traveling modes and to the non-behaviorally adjusted *** non-behaviorally adjusted map was similar to the encamped model and validated ***,we observed different selection patterns during traveling that could have been masked had behavioral state not been accounted ***:Characterizing habitat that structured between-patch movement broadens our understanding of the habitat needs of brood-rearing sage-grouse,and the combined raster surface offers a reliable habitat management tool that is readily amenable to application by GIS users in efforts to focus sustainable landscape management.

关键词： Behavioral mode Brood-rearing Centrocercus urophasianus Conditional logistic regression Conservation planning Information-theoretic approach Relative displacement index Species occurrence model

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Landscape features and weather influence nest survival of a ground-nesting bird of conservation concern,the greater sage-grouse,in humanaltered environments

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Ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 83-97页

作者： Stephen L Webb chad v olson Matthew R Dzialak Seth M Harju Jeffrey B Winstead Dusty Lockman Hayden-Wing Associates LLC2308 South 8th StreetLaramieWY82070USA KC Harvey Environmental LLC376 Gallatin Park DriveBozemanMT59715USA

Introduction:Ground-nesting birds experience high levels of nest ***,birds can make selection decisions related to nest site location and characteristics that may result in physical,visual,and olfactory impediments to ***:We studied daily survival rate[DSR]of greater sage-grouse(Centrocercus urophasianus)from 2008 to 2010 in an area in Wyoming experiencing large-scale alterations to the *** used generalized linear mixed models to model fixed and random effects,and a correlation within nesting attempts,individual birds,and ***:Predation of the nest was the most common source of nest failure(84.7%)followed by direct predation of the female(13.6%).Generally,landscape variables at the nest site(≤30 m)were more influential on DSR of nests than features at larger spatial *** of shrub canopy cover at the nest site(15-m scale)and distances to natural gas wells and mesic areas had a positive relationship with DSR of nests,whereas distance to roads had a negative relationship with DSR of *** added to the vegetation model,maximum wind speed on the day of nest failure and a 1-day lag in precipitation(i.e.,precipitation the day before failure)improved model fit whereby both variables negatively influenced DSR of ***:Nest site characteristics that reduce visibility(i.e.,shrub canopy cover)have the potential to reduce depredation,whereas anthropogenic(i.e.,distance to wells)and mesic landscape features appear to facilitate ***,predators may be more efficient at locating nests under certain weather conditions(i.e.,high winds and moisture).

关键词： behavior Centrocercus urophasianus conservation depredation generalized linear mixed models greater sage-grouse human development management nest survival weather

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A Behind-the-Scenes Story of Precision Medicine

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第1期15卷 3-10页

作者： Maynard v.olson Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Let me start with a few words about the goals and intended audience for this introduction to republication of two reports of the U.S. National Research Council （NRC） - Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome （1988） and Toward Precision Medicine （2011）. I do not intend to summarize what the reports say. They are both short, well written, and can speak for themselves. I encourage readers who want a quick sum- mary to read these reports the way most policy-makers do： start with the Executive Summaries, particularly the Conclu- sions and Recommendations. NRC committees write these summaries with great care since they are read far more widely, and by a more influential audience, than the bodies of the reports. With respect to audience, I assume this book will be of greatest interest to scientists and policy-makers interested in how the policy-making apparatus in the United States works and how it shaped two key initiatives in biology and medicine during their formative stages.

关键词： A Behind-the-Scenes Story of Precision Medicine NRC

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Numerical prediction of fiber motion in a branching channel flow of fiber suspensions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2005年第4期21卷 322-329页

作者： Jianzhong Lin Shanliang Zhang James A. olson Department of Mechanics The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and ControlZhejiang University: Ha ngzhou 310027 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Pulp and Paper CenterThe University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC Canada V6T IZ4

Fiber orientation and dispersion in the dilute fiber suspension that flows through a T-shaped branching channel are simulated numerically based on the slender-body theory. The simulated results are consistent qualitatively with the experimental data available in the literature. The results show that the spatial distribution of fibers is dependent on the fiber aspect ratio, but has no relation with the volume fraction of fiber. The content ratio of fibers near the upper wall increases monotonically with an increasing Re number, and the situation is reverse for the region near the bottom wall. The orientation of fibers depends on Re number, however, the function of fiber volume fraction and aspect ratio is negligible. The fibers near the wall and in the central region of the channel align along the flow direction at all times, but the fibers in the other parts of the channel tend to align along the flow direction only in the downstream region.

关键词： Fiber suspension Distribution Orientation ,Numerical simulation Branching flow

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Assessing the academic achievement of United States orthopaedic departments

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第2期13卷 201-211页

作者： Rishi Trikha Thomas E olson Ameen Chaudry chad R Ishmael Cristina villalpando Clark J Chen Kellyn R Hori Nicholas M Bernthal Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90404United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 90095United States

BACKGROUND Assessing academic productivity allows academic departments to identify the strengths of their scholarly contribution and provides an opportunity to evaluate areas for *** To provide objective benchmarks for departments seeking to enhance academic productivity and identify those with significant improvement in recent *** Our study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of orthopaedic faculty at United States-based academic orthopaedic programs.5502 full-time orthopaedic faculty representing 178 programs were included in *** included for analysis were National Institutes of Health funding(2014-2018),leadership positions in orthopaedic societies(2018),editorial board positions of top orthopaedic journals(2018),total number of publications and Hirsch-index.A weighted algorithm was used to calculate a cumulative score for each academic *** study was performed at a large,United States medical *** All 178 programs included in analysis were evaluated using the comprehensive weighted *** five institutions with the highest cumulative score,in decreasing order,were:Washington University in ***,the Hospital for Special Surgery,Sidney Kimmel Medical College(SKMC)at Thomas Jefferson University,the University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)and Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH)/Brigham and Women’s/*** five institutions with the highest score per capita,in decreasing order,were:Mayo Clinic(Rochester),Washington University in ***,Rush University,virginia Commonwealth University(vCU)and MGH/Brigham and Women’s/*** five academic programs that had the largest improvement in cumulative score from 2013 to 2018,in decreasing order,were:vCU,SKMC at Thomas Jefferson University,UCSF,MGH/Brigham and Women’s/Harvard,and Brown *** This algorithm can provide orthopaedic departments a means to assess academic productivity,monitor progress,and identify areas for improvement as th

关键词： Bibliometrics Academic achievement Number of publications National Institutes of Health funding Hirsch-index

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通过测量有源元件的硅片温度来监视电子系统中的散热情况

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今日电子 2004年第7期 50-53页

作者： chad olson MaximIntegratedProducts公司

功率密度日益增加的发展趋势要求人们对热传递给予更高的关注,设计师必须想方设法实现足够的散热,以确保电路元件的温度不超过规定的温度极限值.在众多可用的热设计工具中,最为重要的一个便是被称为'结点至环境热阻'的参数θJA°本文将... 详细信息

功率密度日益增加的发展趋势要求人们对热传递给予更高的关注,设计师必须想方设法实现足够的散热,以确保电路元件的温度不超过规定的温度极限值.在众多可用的热设计工具中,最为重要的一个便是被称为'结点至环境热阻'的参数θJA°本文将说明θJA的测量方法,并简述针对工作于静止空气中的电路的热设计程序.其首要之处是一种原型设计技术,该技术允许在芯片处于工作状态时对其结温进行直接测量.本文通篇均以采用了MAX1811线性电池充电器的电路作为实例来进行阐述.

关键词：硅片电路元件电子系统散热功率密度监视热传递有源增加

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Montezuma's revenge-the sequel: The one-hundred year anniversary of the first description of “post-infectious” irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5076-5080页

作者： Mark S Riddle Patrick Connor chad K Porter Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Uniformed Services University Military Enteric Disease Group Department of Military Medicine Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham Research Park Department of Enteric Diseases Naval Medical Research Center

One-hundred years have passed since the original description of the commonly described phenomenon of persistent abdominal symptoms being triggered by an acute enteric infection. This first account was generated out of astute observations by Sir Arthur Hurst in World War I. Additional descriptions followed from military and non-military practitioners adding the evidence which has transitioned this recognized condition from association to causation. While mechanistic understanding is an area of active pursuit, this historical accounting of a centuries progress highlights important advances and contributions of military medicine and scientists to advances benefiting global populations.

关键词： Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome Medical history Military medicine Gastroenteritis Travelers’diarrhea Functional gastrointestinal disorder Bacterial diarrhea

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Clarifying sub-genomic positions of QTLs for flowering habit and fruit quality in U.S. strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) breeding populations using pedigree-based QTL analysis

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 85-93页

作者： Sujeet verma Jason D Zurn Natalia Salinas Megan M Mathey Beatrice Denoyes James F Hancock chad E Finn Nahla v Bassil vance M Whitaker IFAS/Department of Horticulture University of FloridaGulf Coast Research and Education Center14625 CR 672Wimauma33598FLUSA USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository 33447 Peoria RoadCorvallis97333ORUSA Department of Horticulture Oregon State University4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences BuildingCorvallis97331ORUSA Department of Horticulture UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et PathologieINRAUniv.BordeauxVillenave d’OrnonF-33140France Michigan State University East Lansing48824MIUSA USDA-ARS HCRU3420 NW Orchard AvenueCorvallis97330ORUSA

The cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)is consumed worldwide for its flavor and nutritional *** analysis of commercially important traits in strawberry are important for the development of breeding methods and tools for this *** several quantitative trait loci(QTL)have been previously detected for fruit quality and flowering traits using low-density genetic maps,clarity on the sub-genomic locations of these QTLs was *** discoveries in allo-octoploid strawberry genomics led to the development of the IStraw90 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,enabling high-density genetic maps and finer resolution QTL *** this study,breeder-specified traits were evaluated in the Eastern(Michigan)and Western(Oregon)United States for a common set of breeding populations during 2 *** QTLs were validated for soluble solids content(SSC),fruit weight(FWT),pH and titratable acidity(TA)using a pedigree-based QTL analysis *** fruit quality,a QTL for SSC on linkage group(LG)6A,a QTL for FWT on LG 2BII,a QTL for pH on LG 4CII and two QTLs for TA on LGs 2A and 5B were *** addition,a large-effect QTL for flowering was detected at the distal end of LG 4A,coinciding with the FaPFRU *** haplotype analysis in the FaPFRU region indicated that the homozygous recessive genotype was highly predictive of seasonal *** probes in the FaPFRU region may help facilitate marker-assisted selection for this trait.

关键词： breeding straw Fragaria

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Impact on 30-d readmissions for cirrhotic patients with ascites after an educational intervention: A pilot study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第10期11卷 701-709页

作者： Nicholas Lim Otto Sanchez Andrew olson Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Division of General Internal Medicine University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States

BACKGROUND A low proportion of patients admitted to hospital with cirrhosis receive quality care with timely paracentesis an important target for *** hypothesized that a medical educational intervention,delivered to medical residents caring for patients with cirrhosis,would improve quality of *** To determine if an educational intervention can improve quality of care in cirrhotic patients admitted to hospital with *** We performed a pilot prospective cohort study with time-based randomization over six months at a large teaching *** rotating on hospital medicine teams received an educational intervention while residents rotating on hospital medicine teams on alternate months comprised the control *** primary outcome was provision of quality care-defined as adherence to all quality-based indicators derived from evidence-based practice guidelines-in admissions for patients with cirrhosis and *** clinical outcomesincluding length of hospital stay(LOS);30-d readmission;in-hospital mortality and overall mortality-and resident educational outcomes were also *** Eighty-five admissions(60 unique patients)met inclusion criteria over the study period-46 admissions in the intervention group and 39 admissions in the control ***-seven admissions were female patients,and 44 admissions were for alcoholic liver *** model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)-Na score at admission was ***-seven(55.3%)admissions received quality *** was no difference in the provision of quality care(56.41%vs 54.35%,P=0.9)between the two groups.30-d readmission was lower in the intervention group(35%vs 52.78%,P=0.1)and after correction for age,gender and MELD-Na score[RR=0.62(0.39,1.00),P=0.05].No significant differences were seen for LOS,complications,in-hospital mortality or overall mortality between the two *** medical knowledge and self-efficacy with paracentesis improved after the edu

关键词： Cirrhosis Education Paracentesis Quality

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Case of hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with hereditary tyrosinemia in the post-newborn screening era

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第9期9卷 487-490页

作者： Essam M Imseis John S Bynon chad Thornhill Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology Divisionthe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston McG overn Medical School Department of Surgery the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Mc Govern Medical School

Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1(HT-1) is a metabolic disorder caused by a defect in tyrosine degradation. Without treatment, symptoms of hepatomegaly, renal tubular dysfunction, growth failure, neurologic crises resembling porphyrias, rickets and possible hepatocellular carcinoma can develop. The use of 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione and early diagnosis through newborn screening initiatives have resulted in a sharp decline in morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. We present a case report of a 7-year-old patient with HT-1 who was born prior to the addition of tyrosinemia to the newborn screening in her birth area. At her time of diagnosis, the patient had developed many of the symptoms associated with her disease, including chronic kidney disease, rickets, and myopathy that left her non-ambulatory. During her initial evaluation, she was also noted to have hepatocellular carcinoma. With cadaveric liver transplantation and nutritional support, her symptoms all either resolved or stabilized. Her case il ustrates the severity of the disease if left untreated, the need for vigilance in populations who do not routinely receive newborn screens, and the markedly improved outcomes in patients following transplant.

关键词： Tyrosinemia Screening Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation

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