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Laminar Flame Structure-Dependent Exergy Destruction Behavior at Auto-Ignition Time Scale:A Case Study of Dimethyl Ether(DME)

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1257-1271页

作者： WU Honghuan huang Wenlin ZHAO Hao SUN Wuchuan huang Zuohua ZHANG Yingjia State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Hybrid deflagration/auto-ignition flame structures coexist in the combustion of advanced *** exergy destruction caused by different irreversible processes under varied flame regimes is thus important for understanding engine *** this study,the flame propagation modes for the premixed DME/air mixtures are numerically investigated under engine-relevant *** entropy generation and exergy destruction characteristics are compared under different flame *** reveal that as the typical premixed flame transition towards auto-ignition front,the exergy destruction from heat conduction and species mass diffusion gradually vanish and are dominated by chemical *** distributions of temperature and species mole fraction in the flame domain are analyzed to clarify the exergy destruction behaviors caused by heat conduction and mass ***,by dividing the DME oxidation process into four stages,the main reaction channels that contribute to the increase in exergy destruction from chemical reaction have been *** is found that the production and consumption of ch_(2)O and HO_(2) radical dominate the exergy destruction behavior during DME *** this basis,the kinetic mechanism of low-temperature chemistry causing greater exergy destruction is ***,low-temperature chemistry leads to significant exergy destruction due to(a)the large irreversibility of itself and(b)(mainly)the enhancement of H_(2)O_(2)loop reactions by low-temperature reaction *** the reduction of combustion irreversibility is promising to be achieved by reasonably regulating the fuel oxidation path.

关键词： exergy destruction flame structures entropy generation low-temperature chemistry DME

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Single-atom catalysis:a promising avenue for precisely controlling reaction pathways

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Frontiers of chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 97-120页

作者： Xiaobo Yang Xuning Li Yanqiang huang State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Single-atom catalysts (SACs), characterized by exceptionally high atom efficiency, have garnered significant attention across various catalytic reactions. Recent studies have showcased SACs with robust capabilities for precise catalysis, specifically targeting reactions along designated pathways. This review focuses on the advances in the precise activation and reconstruction of chemical bonds on SACs, including precise activation of C–O and C–H bonds and selective couplings involving C–C and C–N bonds. Our discussion begins with a thorough exploration of the factors that render SACs skilled in precise catalytic processes, encompassing the narrow d-band electronic state of single atom site resulting in the adsorption tendency, isolate site resulting in unique adsorption structure, and synergy effect of a single atom site with its neighbors. Subsequently, we elaborate on the applications of SACs in electrocatalysis and thermocatalysis including four prominent reactions, namely, electrochemical CO_(2) reduction, urea electrochemical synthesis, CO_(2) hydrogenation, and ch4 activation. Then the concept of rational design of SACs for precisely controlling reaction pathways is discussed from the aspects of pore structure design, support-metal strong interaction, and support hydrophilic/hydrophobic. Finally, we summarize the challenges encountered by SACs in the field of precise catalytic processes and outline prospects for their further development in this domain.

关键词： single atom catalysts selective oxidation CO_(2)RR bond coupling

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Physiological and pathological functions of circular RNAs in the nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 342-349页

作者： Min Zhou Shi Li chuan huang School of Life Sciences Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a class of covalently closed single-stranded RNAs that are expressed during the development of specific cells and *** play crucial roles in physiological and pathological processes by sponging microRNAs,modulating gene transcription,controlling the activity of certain RNA-binding proteins,and producing functional peptides.A key focus of research at present is the functionality of circRNAs in the nervous system and several advances have emerged over the last 2 ***,the precise role of circRNAs in the nervous system has yet to be comprehensively *** this review,we first summarize the recently described roles of circRNAs in brain development,maturity,and ***,we focus on the involvement of circRNAs in various diseases of the central nervous system,such as brain cancer,chronic neurodegenerative diseases,acute injuries of the nervous system,and neuropathic pain.A better understanding of the functionality of circRNAs will help us to develop potential diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic strategies to treat diseases of the nervous system.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain development circRNAs neuropathic pain Parkinson’s disease

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Carbene chemistry for unnatural biosynthesis

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 204-207页

作者： Jing huang Jay D.Keasling Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville 94608USA Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeley 94720USA Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Synthetic Biochemistry Center Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes for Advanced TechnologiesShenzhen 518055China

Previously,chemists working in synthesis were jealous of biologists since the enzymes found in nature usually exhibited great catalytic properties(e.g.,high catalytic efficiency,excellent selectivity such as substrate selectivity,regioselectivity and stereoselectivity).However,biological systems lack many counterparts of reactions widely used in chemical synthesis.

关键词： synthesis selectivity catalytic

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Glymphatic system:a gateway for neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2661-2672页

作者： Kailu Zou Qingwei Deng Hong Zhang changsheng huang Department of Anesthesiology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Xiangya School of Medicine Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

The glymphatic system is a relatively recently identified fluid exchange and transpo rt system in the *** evidence indicates thatglymphatic function is impaired not only in central nervous system disorders but also in systemic *** diseases can trigger the inflammatory responses in the central nervous system,occasionally leading to sustained inflammation and functional disturbance of the central nervous *** review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between glymphatic dysfunction and central nervous system *** addition,we discuss the hypothesis that disease conditions initially associated with peripheral inflammation ove rwhelm the performance of the glymphatic system,thereby triggering central nervous system dysfun ction,chronic neuroinflammation,and *** research investigating the role of the glymphatic system in neuroinflammation may offer innovative therapeutic approaches for central nervous system disorders.

关键词： aquaporin-4 central nervous system disease cerebrospinal fluid chronic neuroinflammation glymphatic dysfunction neurodegeneration peripheral nerve injury perivascular space systemic disease vicious cycle

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Promoted surface charge density from interlayer Zn–N_(4) configuration in carbon nitride for enhanced CO_(2) photoreduction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2400-2409页

作者： Xianjin Shi Yu huang Gangqiang Zhu Wei Peng Meijuan chen State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG) Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Center of Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global change Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710062China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The solar-driven reduction of CO_(2) into valuable products is a promising method to alleviate global environmental problems and energy ***,the low surface charge density limits the photocatalytic conversion performance of CO_(2).Herein,a polymeric carbon nitride(PCN)photocatalyst with Zn single atoms(Zn1/CN)was designed and synthesized for CO_(2) *** results of the CO_(2) photoreduction studies show that the CO and ch_(4) yields of Zn1/CN increased fivefold,reaching 76.9 and 22.9μmol/(g·h),respectively,in contrast to the unmodified ***+plasma-etched X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption fine structure results reveal that Zn single atom is mainly present in the interlayer space of PCN in the Zn–N_(4) *** characterizations indicate that the interlayer Zn–N_(4) configuration can amplify light absorption and establish an interlayer charge transfer ***-assisted Kelvin probe force microscopy confirms that more photogenerated electrons are delivered to the catalyst surface through interlayer Zn–N_(4) configuration,which increases its surface charge ***,in-situ infrared spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculation reveals that promoted surface charge density accelerates key intermediates(*COOH)conversion,thus achieving efficient CO_(2) *** work elucidates the role of internal single atoms in catalytic surface reactions,which provides important implications for the design of single-atom catalysts.

关键词： single-atom catalysts photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction interlayer modification charge transfer dynamics surface charge density

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The Capture and Catalytic Conversion of CO_(2) by Dendritic Mesoporous Silica-Based Nanoparticles

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 126-151页

作者： Yabin Wang Liangzhu huang Songwei Li chuntai Liu Hua He College of chemistry and chemical Engineering Yan'an UniversityYan'an 716000China Institute for Triazine Compounds&Hierarchical Porous Materials Yan'an 716000China National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles own three-dimensional center-radial channels and hierarchical pores,which endows themselves with super-high specific surface area,extremely large pore volumes,especially accessible internal spaces,and so *** guest species(such as organic groups or metal nanoparticles)could be readily decorated onto the interfaces of the channels and pores,realizing the functionalization of dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted *** adsorbents and catalysts,dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials have experienced nonignorable development in CO_(2)capture and catalytic *** comprehensive review provides a critical survey on this pregnant subject,summarizing the designed construction of novel dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials,the involved chemical reactions(such as CO_(2)methanation,dry reforming of ch_(4)),the value-added chemicals from CO_(2)(such as cyclic carbonates,2-oxazolidinones,quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones),and so *** adsorptive and catalytic performances have been compared with traditional silica mesoporous materials(such as SBA-15 or MCM-41),and the corresponding reaction mechanisms have been thoroughly *** is sincerely expected that the in-depth discussion could give materials scientists certain inspiration to design brand-new dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials with superior capabilities towards CO_(2)capture,utilization,and storage.

关键词： catalytic conversion CO_(2)adsorption CO_(2)capture dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles

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Weakly Polarized Organic Cation-Modified Hydrated Vanadium Oxides for High-Energy Efficiency Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 169-186页

作者： Xiaoxiao Jia chaofeng Liu Zhi Wang Di huang Guozhong Cao Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Vanadium oxides,par-ticularly hydrated forms like V_(2)O_(5)·nH_(2)O(VOH),stand out as promising cathode candidates for aqueous zinc ion batteries due to their adjustable layered structure,unique electronic characteristics,and high theoretical ***,challenges such as vanadium dissolution,sluggish Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics,and low operating voltage still hinder their direct *** this study,we present a novel vanadium oxide([C_(6)H_(6)N(ch_(3))_(3)]_(1.08)V_(8)O_(20)·0.06H_(2)O,TMPA-VOH),developed by pre-inserting trimethylphenylammonium(TMPA+)cations into *** incorporation of weakly polarized organic cations capitalizes on both ionic pre-intercalation and molecular pre-intercalation effects,resulting in a phase and morphology transition,an expansion of the interlayer distance,extrusion of weakly bonded interlayer water,and a substantial increase in V^(4+)*** modifications synergistically reduce the electrostatic interactions between Zn^(2+)and the V-O lattice,enhancing structural stability and reaction kinetics during *** a result,TMPA-VOH achieves an elevated open circuit voltage and operation voltage,exhibits a large specific capacity(451 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1))coupled with high energy efficiency(89%),the significantly-reduced battery polarization,and outstanding rate capability and cycling *** concept introduced in this study holds great promise for the development of high-performance oxide-based energy storage materials.

关键词： Zinc-ion battery Vanadium oxide V_(2)O_(5)·nH_(2)O Pre-intercalation Interlayer engineering

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Temporal and environmental factors drive community structure and function of methanotrophs in volcanic forest soils

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 1-13页

作者： Rusong chai Hongjie Cao Qingyang huang Lihong Xie Fan Yang Hongbin Yin Heilongjiang Forest Botanical Garden Harbin 150040People’s Republic of China 2 Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology Science Academy of Heilongjiang ProvinceHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China

Methanotrophs,organisms that obtain oxygen by oxidizing methane,are recognized as the only known biological sink for atmospheric ch_4,and forest soil methanotrophs play crucial roles in mitigating global *** succession patterns of methanotrophic communities and functions in Wudalianchi volcano forest soils could provide a basis for the study of evolutionary mechanisms between soil microorganisms,the environment,and carbon cycling of temperate forest ecosystems under climate *** this study,the characteristics and drivers of methanotrophic community structure and function of two volcanic soils at different stages of development are analyzed,including an old volcano and a new volcano,which most recently erupted 300 years and 17-19×10^(5)years ago,respectively,and a non-volcano hills as control,based on space for time substitution and Miseq sequencing and bioinformation *** results showed that ch_(4) fluxes were significantly higher in old-stage volcano forest soils than new-stage forest soils and non-volcano forest *** were significant differences in the community composition and diversity of soil methanotrophs from different volcano forest *** was the dominant genus in all soil ***,the relative abundance of Methylococcus,along with Clonothrix,Methyloglobulus,Methylomagum,Methylomonas and Methylosarcina,were the important genera responsible for the differences in methanotrophic community structure in different volcano forest *** relative abundance of methanotroph belonging toγ-proteobacteria was significantly higher than that belonging toα-proteobacteria(Pchao1,Shannon and Simpson indices of soil methanotrophic community were significantly lower in new-stage volcanos and were significantly affected by bulk density,total porosity,p H,nitrate,dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic *** were significant differences in community structure between new-stage and old-stage volcano

关键词： Methanotrophs pmo A Soil development stage Volcanoes Forest soils

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Ligand modulation of active center to promote lead-free Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 660-669,I0015页

作者： Baofei Sun Wei chen Yanyi huang Daofu Wu Heng Luo Faguang Kuang Hongmei Ran Yichen Liu Liqin Gao Jinchen Zhou Bo Gao Qiang huang Xiaosheng Tang Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province College of Basic MedicalGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina College of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Optoelectronic EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina

Metal halide perovskites(MHP)are potential candidates for the photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)due to their long photogenerated carrier lifetime and charge diffusion ***,the conventional long-chain ligand impedes the adsorption and activation of CO_(2)molecules in practical ***,a ligand modulation technology is employed to enhance the photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction activity of lead-free Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)microcrystals(MCs).The Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)MCs passivated by Oleic acid(OLA)and Octanoic acid(OCA)are used for photocatalytic CO_(2)*** results show that the surface defects and electronic properties of Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)MCs can be adjusted through ligand *** with the OLA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6),the OCA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)catalyst demonstrated a significant improvement in the catalytic yield of CO and ch_(4).The CO and ch_(4)catalytic yields of OCA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)reached 171.88 and34.15μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)which were 2.03 and 12.98 times higher than those of OLA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6),and the total electron consumption rate of OCA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)was 615.2μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)which was 3.25 times higher than that of OLA-Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6).Furthermore,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra revealed the enhancement of photocatalytic activity in Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)MCs induced by ligand *** study illustrates the potential of lead-free Cs_(2)AgInCl_(6)MCs for efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction and provides a ligand modulation strategy for the active promotion of MHP photocatalysts.

关键词： Surface ligand Photocatalysis CO_(2)reduction Lead-free perovskite Reactive mechanism

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