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Barley chitinase genes expression revamp resistance against whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 90-100页

作者： BASHIR Samina YAQOOB Amina BASHIR Rohina BUKHARI Shanila SHAHID Naila AZAM Saira BAKHSH Allah HUSNAIN Tayyab SHAHID Ahmad Ali rao Abdul Qayyum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan Department of Botany Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Botany Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan.

Background chitinase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin,a major component of the exoskeleton of insects,including plant pests like *** present study aimed to investigate the expression of chemically synthesized barley ch1 and chi2 genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)through Agrobacterium-mediated ***-five putative transgenic cotton plants were obtained,out of which fifteen plants successfully survived and were shifted to the *** gene-specific primers,amplification of 447 bp and 401 bp fragments confirmed the presence of the ch1 and chi2 genes in five transgenic cotton plants of the T0 *** five plants were further evalu-ated for their mRNA expression *** T0 transgenic cotton plants with the highest mRNA expression level and better yield performance in field,were selected to raise their subsequent *** The T1 cotton plants showed the highest mRNA expression levels of 3.5-fold in P10(2)for the ch1 gene and 3.7-fold in P2(1)for the chi2 *** in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed a single copy number of ch1 and chi2(hemizygous)on chromosome ***,the efficacy of transgenes on whitefly was evaluated through an insect bioassay,where after 96 h of infestation,mortality rates of whitefly were calculated to be 78%–80%in transgenic cotton *** number of eggs on transgenic cotton plants were calculated to be 0.1%–0.12 per plant compared with the non-transgenic plants where egg number was calculated to be 0.90–1.00 per *** Based on these findings,it can be concluded that the chemically synthesized barley chitinase genes(ch1 and chi2)have the potential to be effective against insects with chitin exoskeletons,including *** transgenic cotton plants expressing these genes showed increased resistance to whiteflies,resulting in reduced egg numbers and higher mortality rates.

关键词： chitinase Cotton White fly Transgene Bioassay

Copy-Move Forgery Verification in Images Using Local Feature Extractors and Optimized Classifiers

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第3期6卷 347-360页

作者： S.B.G.Tilak Babu ch Srinivasa rao University College of Engineering JNTU KakinadaKakinada 533003India. Department of ECE JNTUK UCEVizianagaram 535003India.

Passive image forgery detection methods that identify forgeries without prior knowledge have become a key research *** copy-move forgery,the assailant intends to hide a portion of an image by pasting other portions of the same *** detection of such manipulations in images has great demand in legal evidence,forensic investigation,and many other *** paper aims to present copy-move forgery detection algorithms with the help of advanced feature descriptors,such as local ternary pattern,local phase quantization,local Gabor binary pattern histogram sequence,Weber local descriptor,and local monotonic pattern,and classifiers such as optimized support vector machine and optimized *** proposed algorithms can classify an image efficiently as either copy-move forged or authenticated,even if the test image is subjected to attacks such as JPEG compression,scaling,rotation,and brightness ***,CASIA,and MICC datasets and a combination of CoMoFoD and CASIA datasets images are used to quantify the performance of the proposed *** proposed algorithms are more efficient than state-of-the-art algorithms even though the suspected image is post-processed.

关键词： copy move forgery detection image authentication passive image forgery detection blind forgery detection

Asymptotic periodic solutions of some generalized Burgers equations

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of chinese Universities) 2018年第4期33卷 390-408页

作者： Smriti Nath ch.Srinivasa rao Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Madras

In this paper, we construct asymptotic periodic solutions of some generalized Burgers equations using a perturbative approach. These large time asymptotics(constructed) are compared with relevant numerical solutions o... 详细信息

关键词： periodic solution large time asymptotics generalized Burgers equations

Adaptive Signal Enhancement Unit for EEG Analysis in Remote Patient Care Monitoring Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1801-1817页

作者： ch.Srinivas K.chandrabhushana rao Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering J.N.T.UniversityKakinada533003India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JNTUK-UCEVVizianagaram535003India

In this paper we propose an efcient process of physiological artifact elimination methodology from brain waves(BW),which are also commonly known as electroencephalogram(EEG)*** a clinical environment during the acquisition of BW several artifacts contaminates the actual BW *** leads to inaccurate and ambiguous *** the statistical nature of the EEG signal is more non-stationery,adaptive ltering is the more promising method for the process of artifact *** clinical conditions,the conventional adaptive techniques require many numbers of computational operations and leads to data samples overlapping and instability of the algorithm *** causes delay in diagnosis and decision *** overcome this problem in our work we propose to set a threshold value to diminish the problem of round off *** resultant adaptive algorithm based on this strategy is Non-linear Least mean square(NL2MS)***,to improve this algorithm in terms of ltering capability we perform data normalization,using this algorithm several hybrid versions are developed to improve ltering and reduce computational *** the method,a new signal enhancement unit(SEU)is realized and performance of various hybrid versions of algorithms examined using real EEG signals recorded from the *** ability of the proposed schemes is measured in terms of convergence,enhancement and multiplications *** various SEUs,the MCN2L 2MS algorithm achieves 14.6734,12.8732,10.9257,15.7790 dB during the artifact removal of RA,EMG,CSA and EBA components with only two ***,this algorithm seems to be better candidate for artifact elimination.

关键词： Adaptive algorithms artifacts brain waves clipped algorithms signal enhancement unit wireless EEG monitoring

Microstructure and pitting corrosion resistance of AA2219 Ale Cu alloy friction stir welds e Effect of tool profile

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2015年第2期11卷 123-131页

作者： ch VENKATA rao G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY K.SRINIVASA rao Department of Metallurgical Engineering Andhra University Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory

AA2219 Ale Cu alloy is widely used in defence and aerospace applications due to required combination of high strength-to-weight ratio and *** of components used for defence always involves *** though the mechanical properties of the base metal are better,but the alloy suffers from poor mechanical and corrosion properties during fusion *** overcome the problems of fusion welding,friction stir welding(FSW) is recognized as an alternative solid state joining method aimed to improve the mechanical and corrosion *** profile is one of the important variables which affect the performance of the friction stir *** the present work the effect of tool profile on the microstructure and pitting corrosion of AA2219 aluminiumecopper alloy was *** backscattered diffraction results established that the grain size and orientation of weld nugget of triangle profile is finer than that of conical *** scanning calorimetric results show the evidence of precipitate dissolution during *** was found that the microstructure changes,such as grain size and its orientation precipitate dissolution during FSW influence the hardness and corrosion *** corrosion resistance of friction stir welds of AA2219 was found to be better for triangle profile tool compared to conical profile which is attributed to material flow and strengthening precipitate morphology in various *** amount of heat generation during FSW made using triangle profile tool may be the reason for greater dissolution of strengthening precipitates in nugget zone and coarsening in thermo mechanically affected zone(TMAZ) and heat affected zone(HAZ).

关键词： Al-Cu合金搅拌摩擦焊接微观结构轮廓点蚀摩擦搅拌焊接电子背散射衍射机械性能

Influence of tool pin profile on microstructure and corrosion behaviour of AA2219 Al-Cu alloy friction stir weld nuggets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2015年第3期11卷 197-208页

作者： ch.VENKATA rao G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY K.SRINIVASA rao Department of Metallurgical Engineering Andhra University Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory

To overcome the problems of fusion welding of aluminium alloys, the friction stir welding(FSW) is recognized as an alternative joining method to improve the mechanical and corrosion properties. Tool profile is one of the important variables which affect the performance of the FS weld. In the present work, the effect of tool profile on the weld nugget microstructure and pitting corrosion of AA2219 aluminium-copper alloy was studied. FSW of AA2219 alloy was carried out using five profiles, namely conical, square, triangle, pentagon and hexagon. The temperature measurements were made in the region adjacent to the rotating pin. It was observed that the peak temperature is more in hexagonal tool pin compared to the welds produced with other tool pin profiles. It is observed that the extensive deformation experienced at the nugget zone and the evolved microstructure strongly influences the hardness and corrosion properties of the joint during FSW. It was found that the microstructure changes like grain size, misorientation and precipitate dissolution during FSW influence the hardness and corrosion behaviour. Pitting corrosion resistance of friction stir welds of AA2219 was found to be better for hexagon profile tool compared to other profiles, which was attributed to material flow and strengthening precipitate morphology in nugget zone. Higher amount of heat generation in FS welds made with hexagonal profile tool may be the reason for greater dissolution of strengthening precipitates in nugget zone.

关键词： Al-Cu合金搅拌摩擦焊微观结构焊缝区刀具腐蚀行为焊接接头性能耐腐蚀性能

Morpho-anatomical and physicochemical studies of Fumaria indica(Hausskn.)Pugsley

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第10期2卷 830-834页

作者： Prakash chandra Gupta ch V rao University Institute of Pharmacy Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University National Botanical Research Institute

Objective:To study morpho-anatomical characters and physicochemical analysis of Fumaria indica(***)(Hausskn.)Pugsley,(Fumariaceae),an important medicinal plant used extensively for treating a variety of ailments in various system of indigenous ***:Evaluation of the different parts of the plant was carried out to determine the morphoanatomical,physicochemical,phytochemical and HPTLC fingerprinting profile of *** and other WHO recommended methods were performed for ***:Morphoanatomical studies showed compound and pinnatifid leaf,4 to 6 cm in length,linear and oblong in shape and anomocytic arrangement of stomata,thin walled parenchymatous cells,scattered,sclerenchymatous,capped vascular bundles and radiating medullary *** studies showed foreign matter 0.2%,loss on drying 6.8%,total ash 16.77%,alcohol and water soluble extractives 8.92%and 20.26%,respectively,sugar 17.75%,starch 22.97%and tannins 2.37%.Phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of carbohydrate,alkaloids,flavonoids,saponins,tannins and *** layer chromatography was carried out with different solvents and the best solvent system was chloroform and methanol in 80:20 ratio and revealed 12 spots with different R_f value under UV light 366λ.Conclusions:The results of the study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this plant material for future investigations and applications.

关键词： Morpho-anatomy Transverse sections HPTLC Stomata Xylem Physicochemical

Hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Ziziphus oenoplia(L.)Mill roots against antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity in experimental models

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 283-288页

作者： ch V rao AKS Rawat Anil P Singh Arpita Singh Neeraj Verma Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division National Botanical Research Institute(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)Rana Pratap MargP.O.Box No.436Lucknow 226001Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology Goel Institute of Pharmacy & SciencesFaizabad Road(Near Indira Canal) Lucknow 227105Uttar PradeshIndia

Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic(50%) extract of Ziziphus oenoplia(L.) Mill(***) root against isoniazid(INH) and rifampicin(RIF) induced liver damage in animal ***:Five groups of six rats each were selected for the *** extract at a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg as well as silymarin(100 mg/kg) were administered orally once daily for 21 d in INH + RIF treated *** serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT),glutamate pyruvate transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatase (SALP),and bilirubin were estimated along with activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase, glutathione S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase,and hepatic melondialdehyde formation. Histopathological analysis was carried out to assess injury to the ***:The considerably elevated serum enzymatic activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,glutamate pyruvate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin due to INH + RIF treatment were restored towards norma) in a dose dependent manner after the treatment with ethanolic extract of *** ***,the decreased activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase were also restored towards normal dose *** addition,ethanolic extract also significantly prevented the elevation of hepatic melondialdehyde formation in the liver of INH + RIF intoxicated rats in a dose dependent manner. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver ***:The results of this study slrongly indicate that ethanolic extract of *** has a potent hepatoprotective action against INH + RIF induced hepatic damage in rats.

关键词： Ziziphus oenoplia(Rhamnaceae) Rifampicin Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第5期36卷 18-32页

作者： Zhuming rao Ruichao LI Peizhe ZHAO Bing WANG Dan ZHAO Qiaofeng XIE School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

In this study,flame responses to acoustic disturbances with different frequencies and amplitudes were experimentally investigated in a lean premixed swirl-stabilized combustor operating at different bulk *** total heat release rate fluctuations and spatial ch*chemiluminescence distributions were captured using a photomultiplier tube and high-speed camera,*** results indicate that the heat release rate exhibits a relatively drastic oscillation and high-order harmonics for low-frequency *** the bulk velocity and forcing frequency were doubled simultaneously,similar flame structures were observed in the ch*chemiluminescence *** the bulk velocity increases,the gain of the Flame Describing Function(FDF)extends toward the higher frequencies,and the delay time of the flame response *** similarity among FDFs at different bulk velocities was effectively captured by introducing a non-dimensional parameter,defined as the ratio of the flame response delay to the forcing time scale,to replace the dimensional forcing ***,the availability of the newly defined non-dimensional parameter was verified for flames with different swirl numbers,as this played an important role in determining the flame structures and associated unsteady heat release rate.

关键词： Bulk velocity Combustion instability Flame describing function Strouhal number Swirling flame Swirl number