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Structural correlation and chemistry of molten NaF-ScF_(3) with dissolved metal aluminium:TG/DTA,XRD,NMR and molecular dynamics simulations

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3356-3369页

作者： Aydar Rakhmatullin Frantisek Simko Didier Zanghi Zuzana Netriová Ilya BPolovov Ayrat Dimiev Konstantin v.Maksimtsev catherine Bessada Michal Korenko Conditions Extrêmes et Materiaux:Haute Température et Irradiation CEMHTIUPR 3079-CNRS Univ Orleans45071 OrleansFrance Department of Molten Systems Institute of Inorganic ChemistrySlovak Academy of Sciences84536 BratislavaSlovakia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application-CEMEA Slovak Academy of Sciences84511Bratislava.Slovakia Department of Rare Metals and Nanomaterials Institute of Physics and TechnologyUral Federal UniversityUral Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University420008KazanRussia

For the first time,the mechanism of metal aluminum dissolution in NaF-ScF_(3) eutectic melts and the chemical interaction between the constituents of this mixture have been thoroughly studied by a combination of differential thermal analysis(DTA),high temperature and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD) coupled with the molecular dynamic *** formation of an insoluble Al_(3)Sc alloy in molten(NaF-ScF_(3))_(eut)system was proven,and the chemical mechanism of this aluminothermic Al_(3)Sc alloy production was *** ex situ examinations bring to light the formation of NaScF_4 and solid solution of Na_(3)(Al,Sc)F_(6) in cooled *** molecular dynamics calculations of the bath allow us to construct the structural model and to predict viscosity,density and electrical conductivity of the reagent melt to help to optimize the conditions of the alloy synthesis.

关键词： Scandium Alloy Molten salts NMR Molecular dynamics

Canine on the Couch:The New Canary in the Coal Mine for Environmental Health Research

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Environment & Health 2024年第8期2卷 517-529页

作者： catherine F.Wise Matthew Breen Heather M.Stapleton Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708United States Duke Cancer Institute DurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State University1060 William Moore DriveRaleighNorth Carolina 27607United States Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina 27607United States Center for Human Health and the Environment North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina 27607United States

Human health is intimately connected and tied to the health of our environment and ecosystem,with only a very small fraction of the risk for chronic diseases explained by genetics *** animals are prone to disease types that are shared with people,including cancers and endocrine disorders,reinforcing the thought that environmental factors contribute to the risks for chronic *** factors include air and water pollution and the built *** such,there is increasing interest in pursuing research with companion animals,and specifically dogs,as sentinel species to inform comparative health assessments and identify risk factors for *** the canine diseases for which environmental exposure research has been published,cancers have received the most *** review summarizes two main aspects of this comparative approach:(1)cancers that occur in dogs and which are similar to humans and(2)research investigating environmental exposures and health outcomes in *** goal of this review is to highlight the diverse conditions in which pet dogs may provide unique perspectives and advantages to examine relationships between environmental exposures and health outcomes,with an emphasis on chemical pollution and ***,this review seeks to raise awareness and stimulate discussion around the best practices for the use of companion animals as environmental health sentinels.

关键词： sentinels dogs environmental health comparative oncology cancer alternative models environmental exposure

Distribution of atrial cardiomyopathy markers and association with atrial fibrillation detected after ischaemic stroke in the SAFAS study

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Stroke & vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 165-173,I0426,I0427页

作者： Romain Didier Lucie Garnier Gauthier Duloquin Alexandre Meloux Audrey Sagnard Mathilde Graber Geoffrey Dogon Karim Benali Thibaut Pommier Gabriel Laurent catherine vergely Yannick Bejot Charles Guenancia Cardiology CHU Dijon BourgogneDijonFrance Dijon Stroke Registry Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Centre DijonDijonFrance PEC 2 Universitéde BourgogneDijonFrance Cardiology CHU Saint EtienneSaint EtienneFrance

Background Atrial cardiomyopathy(AC)is an emerging concept explaining the pathophysiology of cardioembolic strokes in absence of atrial fibrillation(AF).A definition based on the presence of electrical abnormality(P-wave terminal force in lead v1(PTFv1)>5000µv×ms),N-Terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT pro BNP)>250pg/mL and/or indexed left atrial diameter(LADI)>3cm/m^(2)is currently tested in the ARCADIA(AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke)*** set out to estimate the prevalence of AC as defined in the ARCADIA trial,its determinants and its association with AF detected after stroke(AFDAS).Methods Stepwise screening for silent Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke(SAFAS)study prospectively included 240 ischaemic stroke *** markers were complete for 192 of them and 9 were not included in this analysis because AF had been diagnosed on *** A total of 183 patients were analysed,of whom 57%(104 patients)met the AC criteria(79 NT-proBNP,47 PTFv1,4 LADI).In the multivariate logistic regression,C reactive protein>3mg/L(OR(95%CI)2.60(1.30 to 5.21),p=0.007)and age(OR(95%CI)1.07(1.04 to 1.10),pver,AC was not independently associated with AFDAS,contrary to left atrial volume index(>34mL/m^(2),OR 2.35(CI 1.09 to 5.06)p=0029).Conclusion AC as defined in ARCADIA is mostly based on NT pro BNP elevation(76%of patients)and is associated with age and ***,AC was not independently associated with AFDAS at *** ARCADIA trial,which compares aspirin to apixaban in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source with AC markers and must,therefore be analysed in the light of these limitations.

关键词： atrial cardiomyopathy prevention

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Fucoxanthin from Marine Macroalga Padina australis:Optimization,Bioactivity,and Structural Characterization

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 89-104页

作者： L.Antony catherine Flora Kirubanandan Shanmugam Renganathan Sahadevan Department of Chemical Engineering Alagappa College of TechnologyAnna UniversityChennai 600025India Independent Research Professional ChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Alagappa College of TechnologyAnna UniversityChennai 600025India

Macroalgae serve as a potential feedstock for fucoxanthin ***,a bioactive pigment found in the chloroplasts of marine algae,exhibits significant pharmacological *** a member of the carotenoid family,fucoxanthin plays a crucial role in both the food and pharmaceutical *** research explores the effects of ultrasonics on the extraction of fucoxanthin from the marine macroalga Padina *** addition,various extraction techniques and the influence of solvents on the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from algae have been studied and *** methanol,chloroform,and a combination of methanol and chloroform(1:1,v/v),conventional fucoxanthin extraction from Padina australis yielded 8.12 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of ***,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction resulted in a significantly higher yield of 16.9 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass,demonstrating that the use of ultrasonics enhances the extraction rate compared to conventional ***,the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from Padina australis is highly dependent on ultrasonic-assisted *** process conditions for the extraction were optimized to maximize the yield of fucoxanthin from *** following parameters were selected for optimization studies:moisture content,particle size,mixing speed,extraction temperature,extraction duration,and solid-to-solvent *** extracted fucoxanthin exhibited various biological activities,including antimicrobial and antioxidant properties,and its structure was elucidated through FTIR and NMR ***,thin-layer chromatography of the crude algae extracts confirmed the presence of fucoxanthin in the marine *** these findings,the optimized extraction process holds the potential for scaling up to large-scale fucoxanthin ***,as a potent pharmacological agent,offers promising applications in the treatment of various ailments.

关键词： Marine algae Fucoxanthin Ultrasonics Extraction Optimization TLC DPPH Antimicrobial antioxidant activities

Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of vγ9vδ2 T-cell killing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.Fulford Adam P.Uldrich catherine C.L Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

vγ9vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of vγ9vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale CRISPR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary vγ9vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QPCTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in vγ9vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape vγ9vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin vγ9vδ2 T-cell Cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

Does a large prostate size,small lesion volume,or long needle distance from the probe to the lesion reduce magnetic resonance imaging–targeted cancer detection?

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 144-147页

作者： Mark D.Bevill Justin N.Drobish Kevin J.Flynn Maheen Rajput catherine Metz Chad R.Tracy Paul T.Gellhaus Department of Urology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Department of Radiology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Background:We aimed to evaluate whether large prostate size,small lesion volume,or long lesion distance from the ultrasound probe tip would decrease cancer detection in transrectal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)–targeted *** and methods:Patients who underwent MRI-targeted biopsy at our institution between May 2017 and August 2019 were enrolled in a prospective *** to 5 cores were obtained from≥2 prostate imaging reporting and data system v2 lesions.A multivariable model was created that included needle distance to the lesion,prostate specific antigen,prostate imaging reporting and data system,lesion volume,and prostate ***:A total of 377 patients with 533 lesions underwent a biopsy during the study period.A total of 233(44%)lesions were positive for prostate cancer,and 173(32%)lesions had clinically significant prostate *** mean needle distance to the lesion was 11.7mm(interquartile range,7.6–15.5mm).The likelihood of obtaining a positive core on biopsy decreased as the distance fromthe ultrasound probe increased for all prostate cancers and clinically significant prostate cancer(p=0.018 and p=0.004,respectively).Every 10mmfrom the rectum,there was an 8%–10%decrease in the rate of cancer ***,as the prostate volume increased,the odds of obtaining a positive core also decreased(p=0.039).There was no significant association between the lesion size and amount of cancer obtained on ***:Our data showed that transrectal MRI-targeted biopsy cancer detection modestly decreased the lesion from the ultrasound probe and with a large prostate volume but could not prove that lesion volume was a significant predictor of the amount of cancer detected.

关键词： Prostate cancer Biopsy Magnetic resonance imaging

Enhancing the dissolution of phenylbutazone using Syloid based mesoporous silicas for oral equine applications

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 181-186页

作者： Laura J. Waters John P. Hanrahan Joseph M. Tobin catherine v. finch Gareth M.B. Parkes Shamsuddeen A. Ahmad Faraj Mohammad Maria Saleem School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK Glantreo Ltd ERI Building Lee Road Cork City T23 XE1O Ireland

Three mesoporous silica excipients （Syloid~ silicas AL-1 FR XDP 3050 and XDP 3150） were formulated with a model drug known for its poor aqueous solubility, namely phenylbutazone, in an attempt to enhance the extent and rate of drug dissolution. Although other forms of mesoporous silica have been investigated in previous studies, the effect of inclusion with these specific Syloid silica based excipients and more interestingly, with phenylbutazone, is unknown. This work reports a significant enhancement for both the extent and rate of drug release for all three forms of Syloid silica at a 1：1 drug：silica ratio over a period of 30 min. An explanation for this increase was determined to be conversion to the amorphous form and an enhanced drug loading ability within the pores. Differences between the release profiles of the three silicas were concluded to be a consequence of the physicochemical differences between the three forms. Overall, this study confirms that Syloid silica based excipients can be used to enhance dissolution, and potentially therefore bioavailability, for compounds with poor aqueous solubility such as phenylbutazone. In addition, it has been confirmed that drug release can be carefully tailored based on the choice of Syloid~ silica and desired release profile.

关键词： Dissolution Syloid silicas Drug-loading Phenylbutazone Solubility

Optimization and Characterization of Cellulose Extraction from Grevillea robusta (Silky Oak) Leaves by Soda-Anthraquinone Pulping Using Response Surface Methodology

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2024年第3期14卷 43-65页

作者： catherine N. Muya John M. Onyari Lydia W. Njenga Joab O. Onyango Wilson M. Gitari Department of Chemistry The University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya School of Chemical and Material Science The Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya

Response surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD) was applied to examine the impact of soda-anthraquinone pulping conditions on Grevillea robusta fall leaves. The pulping factors studied were: NaOH charge 5% to 20% w/v, pulping time 30 to 180 minutes, and the anthraquinone charge 0.1 to 0.5% w/w based on the oven-dried leaves. The responses evaluated were the pulp yield, cellulose content, and the degree of delignification. various regression models were used to evaluate the effects of varying the pulping conditions. The optimum conditions attained were;NaOH charge of 14.63%, 0.1% anthraquinone, and a pulping period of 154 minutes, corresponding to 20.68% pulp yield, 80.56% cellulose content, and 70.34% lignin removal. Analysis of variance (ANOvA), was used to determine the most important variables that improve the extraction process of cellulose. The experiment outcomes matched those predicted by the model (Predicted R2 = 0.9980, Adjusted R2 = 0.9994), demonstrating the adequacy of the model used. FTIR analysis confirmed the elimination of the non-cellulosic fiber constituents. The lignin and hemicellulose-related bands (around 1514 cm−1, 1604 cm−1, 1239 cm−1, and 1734 cm−1) decreased with chemical treatment, indicating effective cellulose extraction by the soda-anthraquinone method. Similar results were obtained by XRD, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis of the extracted cellulose. Therefore, Grevillea robusta fall leaves are suitable renewable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly non-wood biomass for cellulose extraction.

关键词： Cellulose Extraction Response Surface Methodology Central Composite Design Delignification

Assessing the sensitivity of Melanoplus frigidus （Orthoptera： Acrididae） to different weather conditions＂ A modeling approach focussing on development times

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 167-178页

作者： Oliver-D. finch Jorg Loffler Roland Pape Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg Fk V Institute of Biology and Environmental-Sciences Terrestrial Ecology D-26111 Oldenburg University of Bonn Department of Geography Meckenheimer AIlee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany

The temperature and soil moisture conditions as well as vegetation patterns were studied to describe the habitat and to model the life cycle of Melanoplusfrigidus, a true alpine grasshopper of the Scandes. In the low alpine belt of the Norwegian Scandes the species colonizes only the warmest microhabitats with maximum soil surface temperatures of 31℃. vegetation of these habitats consists of shrub-rich heath dominated by vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna vulgaris. Using continuously measured temperature data, the development times for four different seasons were modeled and related to field observations. The maximum delay of adult molt was estimated to amount to 3 weeks, the delay being determined by the variation in spring temperature conditions between different years. The possibilities of using M. frigidus as an indicator organism of climate change effects on alpine zoo-coenoses of the Scandes are discussed.

关键词： alpine insects climate change indicator life history thermal effective environment