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Nutrition Uptake among Pregnant Women: A Case of Solwezi District, North Western Province

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第5期13卷 960-982页

作者： Prisca Womba muchima catherine m. Ngoma Natali mbewe Shitima Department of midwifery Women and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Zambia has a population of 17.4 million people of which 48% are unable to meet their minimum calorie requirement and 35% of the children in Zambia are stunted (ZDHS, 2018). In the 2018 ZDHS report, 31% of women aged 15 - 49 had anaemia. most cases of anaemia in pregnancy are due to micronutrient deficiency and maternal malnutrition. The 2020 Zambia Global Nutrition Report shows an increase in the prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (45%) and low birth weight infants (13.0%) which suggested a need to explore determinants of pregnant women’s nutrition uptake in order to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women particularly those in Solwezi district of the north-western province of Zambia. methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on antenatal mothers aged 15 - 49 accessing routine antenatal care from four selected health facilities in Solwezi district from July 2021 to February 2021. Cluster sampling method was used to select the 4 health facilities and the 98 antenatal mothers were selected using systematic sampling method. Data was collected using a pretested researcher-assisted semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS version 26. Chi-square test was used to determine associations between the independent and independent variables. The level of significance was set at 0.05 and the confidence interval was set at 95%. multiple logistic regression analysis was done to predict associations among variables. Results: The findings revealed that a large proportion of respondents (71.4 %) had high knowledge regarding nutrition during pregnancy compared to (19.4%) and (9.2%) who expressed medium and low knowledge levels respectively. Attitude towards nutrition in pregnancy was positive in the majority, 82 (83.7%) of the respondents, and over half, (55%) of the respondents reported good nutrition uptake during pregnancy. Conclusions: In this study, nutrition uptake in pregnancy was significantly associated

关键词： Pregnant Women Determinants Nutritional Uptake Knowledge Attitude Practices

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Underwater video cameras allow for detection of North American giant salamanders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in both captive and wild streams

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第1期6卷 106-110页

作者： Shem Unger Zeb Cline Hull Lauren Diaz John D.Groves Lori A.Williams catherine m.Bodinof Jachowski Carolina Headwaters L.L.C.MathewsNC28105United States Clemson University ClemsonSC29634United States North Carolina Zoological Park(Curator Emeritus) AsheboroNC27205United States North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission RaleighNC27606United States

Captive propagation and translocation are becoming vital components of conservation and management strategies for Eastern hellbender(Cryptobranchus ***)***,aquaria,universities,and state and federal agencies are concomitantly collaborating on the protection,education,and maintenance of captive populations of this unusual,cryptic *** strategies include the use of artificial nesting structures,collection of eggs from the wild,and head-starting individuals in zoos or *** effects of these strategies need to be monitored,however,traditional survey and monitoring methods for the species in the wild involves rock-lifting,which has the potential to both harm habitat and alter reproductive ***,there is a need to develop effective,non-invasive and non-destructive methods of monitoring both wild and captive populations of Eastern ***,we compare two simple,affordable,underwater video and camera systems(borescope and Aqua-Vu cameras)in their ability to 1)facilitate detection of adults under potential cover items and 2)facilitate nest detection and monitoring in both wild and captive *** cameras were successful in detecting individual hellbender presence,albeit with different resolutions and detection *** borescope was better at accessing deep cavities given its large flexible attachment which allowed for greater flexibility of scanning crevices of adult ***,search time increased and even low levels of suspended sediment reduced visibility with the *** Aqua-Vu camera provided greater overall visibility and faster detection of individuals under both natural and artificial *** was a significant difference in the amount of time required to detect hellbenders with each camera design when searching under natural rocks(borescope:median=67.8 s,Aqua-Vu:median=39.1 s;Kruskal Wallis Test H=15.62,pmedian=30.9 s,A

关键词： Captive propagation Hellbender Aquatic science Freshwater conservation Underwater camera systems

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modelling changing population distributions:an example of the Kenyan Coast,1979–2009

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第10期10卷 1017-1029页

作者： catherine Linard Caroline W.Kabaria marius Gilbert Andrew J.Tatem Andrea E.Gaughan Forrest R.Stevens Alessandro Sorichetta Abdisalan m.Noor Robert W.Snow Spatial Epidemiology Lab(SpELL) UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Geography Universitéde NamurNamurBelgium Spatial Health metrics Group KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research ProgrammeNairobiKenya Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique(F.R.S.-FNRS) BrusselsBelgium WorldPop Department of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Fogarty International Center National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Nuffield Department of Clinical medicine Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK

Large-scale gridded population datasets are usually produced for the year of input census data using a top-down approach and projected backward and forward in time using national growth *** temporal projections do not include any subnational variation in population distribution trends and ignore changes in geographical covariates such as urban land cover *** predictions of population distribution changes over time require the use of a limited number of covariates that are time-invariant or temporally *** we make use of recently released multi-temporal high-resolution global settlement layers,historical census data and latest developments in population distribution modelling methods to reconstruct population distribution changes over 30 years across the Kenyan *** explore the methodological challenges associated with the production of gridded population distribution time-series in data-scarce countries and show that trade-offs have to be found between spatial and temporal resolutions when selecting the best modelling *** used to fill data gaps may vary according to the local context and the objective of the *** work will hopefully serve as a benchmark for future developments of population distribution time-series that are increasingly required for population-at-risk estimations and spatial modelling in various fields.

关键词： Human population distribution modelling gridded population datasets temporal change Kenya

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Rapid GFAP and Iba1 expression changes in the female rat brain following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 378-385页

作者： mawj mandwie Jordan A.Piper catherine A.Gorrie Kevin A.Keay Giuseppe musumeci Ghaith Al-Badri Alessandro Castorina Laboratory of Cellular and molecular Neuroscience(LCmN) School of Life ScienceFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Neural Injury Research Unit School of Life ScienceFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSWAustralia School of medical Sciences(Neuroscience) The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences AnatomyHistology and Movement Sciences SectionSchool of MedicineUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly

Evidence suggests that rapid changes to supporting glia may predispose individuals with spinal cord injury(SCI) to such comorbidities. Here, we interrogated the expression of astrocyte-and microglial-specific markers glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba1) in the rat brain in the first 24 hours following SCI. Female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent thoracic laminectomy;half of the rats received a mild contusion injury at the level of the T10 vertebral body(SCI group), the other half did not(Sham group). Twenty-four hours post-surgery the amygdala, periaqueductal grey, prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, lateral thalamus, hippocampus(dorsal and ventral) in rats were collected. GFAP and Iba1 m RNA and protein levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. In SCI rats, GFAP m RNA and protein expression increased in the amygdala and hypothalamus. In contrast, gene and protein expression decreased in the thalamus and dorsal hippocampus. Interestingly, Iba1 transcripts and proteins were significantly diminished only in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus, where gene expression diminished. These findings demonstrate that as early as 24 hours post-SCI there are region-specific disruptions of GFAP and Iba1 transcript and protein levels in higher brain regions. All procedures were approved by the University of Technology Sydney Institutional Animal Care and Ethics Committee(UTS ACEC13-0069).

关键词： affective disorders astrocytes glial fibrillary acidic protein ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 memory microglia neurotrauma spinal cord injury

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Geomorphology and Hydrology of the Benin Region, Edo State, Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第2期7卷 144-157页

作者： catherine Imhangulaya Ikhile Department of Geography and Regional Planning Faculty of Social Sciences University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

This paper examines the geomorphology and hydrology of the Benin Region, Edo State, Nigeria. The major landform features and processes of the region are highlighted. This region is a strategic and significant landscape in Nigeria. Information was gathered on the various aspects of the landscape, including the Geology, Physiography (Relief) and Geomorphology, Geomorphic processes, Weathering, Drainage processes, Landforms, Surface Water Hydrology and Water Resources. The Benin Region is underlained by sedimentary formation of the South Sedimentary Basin. The geology is generally marked by top reddish earth, composed of ferruginized or literalized clay sand. Geologically, the Benin Region comprises of 1) the Benin formation;2) alluvium;3) drift/top soil and 4) Azagba-Ogwashi (Asuba-Ogwashi) formation. Several parts of the region are surrounded by the Benin historical moats. The region has been described as a tilled plain in the south western direction. The local relief of the region is 91 m. Boreholes records in the Benin Region show evidence of deep chemical weathering overtime. Soil profile reveals that the region is composed mainly of reddish brown sandy laterite. Intermittent layers of porous sands of sandy clays may reach a large depth as found in the borehole drilled in the region. These are products of deep chemical decay of the original parent rock materials. Three river systems drain the Benin Region. They are the Ikpoba River, the Ogba River and Owigie-Ogbovben River systems. The mean annual discharge of Ikpoba River for 1982-1983 and 1993-2002 was 1411 mm/yr, which was 1.019 × 109 m3 with a mean annual baseflow of 1256.23 mm (0. 907 × 109 m3). This constitutes 87.65% of the total flow. It has a mean annual surface runoff of 225.18 mm (0.112 × 109 m3) or 24.4 % of the total discharge. The water resources of the region include surface water and underground water.

关键词： Geology Physiography (Relief) and Geomorphology Geomorphic Processes Weathering Drainage Processes Landforms Surface Water Hydrology and Water Resources

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Towards predicting biochar impacts on plant-available soil nitrogen content

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1040-1054页

作者： Claire L.Phillips Kylie m.meyer manuel Garcia-Jaramillo Clara S.Weidman catherine E.Stewart Thomas Wanzek michael A.Grusak Donald W.Watts Jeff Novak Kristin m.Trippe USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesIAUSA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit CorvallisORUSA Department of Environmental Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA USDA-ARS Soil management and Sugarbeet Research Unit Ft.CollinsCOUSA USDA-ARS Edward T.Schafer Agricultural Research Center FargoNDUSA USDA-ARS Coastal Plain Soil Waterand Plant Research CenterFlorenceSCUSA

Biochars can improve soil health but have been widely shown to reduce plant-available nitrogen(N)owing to their high carbon(C)content,which stimulates microbial ***,because biochars contain large amounts of C that are not microbially available,their total elemental C:N ratio does not correspond well with impacts on soil *** hypothesized that impacts on soil plant-available N would relate to biochar mineralizable-C(C_(min))content,and that C:N ratios of the mineralizable biochar component could provide a means for predicting conditions of net soil N-mineralization *** conducted two laboratory experiments,the first measuring biochar C_(min)from respiration of isotopically labeled barley biochars manufactured at 300,500,and 750℃,and the second characterizing C_(min)by proxy measurements for ten biochars from six feedstocks at several *** both experiments,soils were incubated with 2%biochar by mass to determine impacts to soil *** to expectation,all the biochars increased soil N-mineralization relative to unamended *** unexpected,higher temperature(500 and 700℃)barley biochars with less C_(min)stimulated more soil decomposition and more soil N-mineralization than a 350℃barley ***,across diverse biochar feedstocks and production methods,none of the biochar characteristics correlated with soil *** finding of improved soil N-mineralization adds complexity to the range of soil N responses that can be expected in response to biochar *** of the limited ability to predict soil N responses from biochar properties,users should monitor soil N to manage soil fertility.

关键词： C:N ratio Plant-available nitrogen Priming Respiration ^(13)C

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Real-time PCR diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in low transmission areas of China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 87-97页

作者： Pei He catherine A.Gordon Gail m.Williams Yuesheng Li Yuanyuan Wang Junjian Hu Darren J.Gray Allen G.Ross Donald Harn Donald P.mcmanus Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases YueyangPeople’s Republic of China molecular Parasitology Laboratory Infectious Diseases DivisionQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia Discipline of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Population HealthUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Research School of Population Health The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia University of Georgia College of Veterinary MedicineAthensGAUSA.

Background:Schistosomiasis in the People’s Republic of China(PRC)can be traced back to *** the past 60 years,the Chinese government has made great efforts to control this persistent disease with elimination slated by 2020 through the implementation of a comprehensive control *** strategy aims to reduce the role of bovines and humans as sources of infection as a pre-requisite for elimination through transmission *** goal of elimination will be achievable only by the implementation of a sustainable surveillance and control system,with sensitive diagnosis a key feature so that the true disease burden is not *** used diagnostics lack the necessary sensitivity to accurately determine the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas with low infection *** is of critical importance to find and treat people and to identify animals with low-level infections if the National Control Programme for China is to achieve schistosomiasis ***:We evaluated a real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay using 633 human stool samples collected from five villages in Hunan,Anhui,Hubei,and Jiangxi provinces,and 182 bovine(70 cattle and 112 buffalo)stool samples obtained from four villages in Hunan,Anhui,and Jiangxi provinces in the *** stool samples were subjected to the miracidium hatching test(mHT,a diagnostic procedure used in the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme)and the qPCR *** positive by mHT were subjected to either the Kato-Katz technique for humans,or the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation-digestion(FEA-SD)procedure for bovines,to determine infection ***:The qPCR assay exhibited a high level of sensitivity in the detection of *** *** both the human and bovine samples,a significantly higher prevalence was determined using the qPCR assay(11.06%humans,24.73%bovines)than with the mHT(0.93%humans,7.69%bovines).The animal contamination

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma Japonicum China Real-time PCR miracidium hatching test Kato-Katz FEA-SD Bovine Human

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糖尿病患者足溃疡减压指南(2023年更新版)——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防与管理指南(2023)》的一部分

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感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 1-22页

作者： Sicco A.Bus David G.Armstrong Ryan T.Crews catherine Gooday Gustav Jarl Klaus Kirketerp-moller Vijay Viswanathan Peter A.Lazzarini on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 陈燕刘斌张晓诗邓武权(译) 王爱萍许樟荣(审校) Amsterdam UmC University of AmsterdamDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineAmsterdamthe Netherlands Amsterdam movement Sciences program Rehabilitation&DevelopmentAmsterdamthe Netherlands Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance(SALSA) Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern California(USC)Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Dr.William m.Scholl College of Podiatric medicine's Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research(CLEAR)at Rosalind Franklin University North ChicagoIllinoisUSA Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre Norfolk and Norwich University HospitalsNorwichUK Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden University Health Care Research Center Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenDenmark mV Hospital for Diabetes ChennaiIndia School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Allied Health Research Collaborative The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneAustralia 不详重庆大学附属中心医院重庆400014 东部战区空军医院糖尿病足中心江苏南京210002 战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101

减轻组织的机械性压力在治愈糖尿病相关的足溃疡所需的多种干预措施中最为重要。本文是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)发布的减压治疗促进糖尿病相关的足溃疡愈合的循证指南,也是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展... 详细信息

减轻组织的机械性压力在治愈糖尿病相关的足溃疡所需的多种干预措施中最为重要。本文是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)发布的减压治疗促进糖尿病相关的足溃疡愈合的循证指南,也是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)方法学,以患者-干预-比较-结局(patient-intervention-control-outcome,PICO)模式设计临床问题和重要结果,进行系统评价和meta分析,制定评判表汇总,为每个问题编写推荐和理由。每项推荐都是基于系统综述中发现的证据,在无证据情况下则采用专家意见,以及对判断项目的GRADE等级总结进行仔细权衡,包括可预期和不可预期的影响、证据的确定性、患者价值、所需资源、成本效益、公平性、可行性和可接受性。为了治愈糖尿病患者神经性前足底或中足底溃疡,要使用不可拆卸的齐膝高减压装置作为首选减压干预措施。如果患者存在对不可拆卸减压装置的禁忌证或不能耐受,考虑使用可拆卸齐膝(或踝)高减压装置作为减压干预措施的第二选择。如果无可用的减压装置,考虑使用合适的鞋具结合毡制泡沫作为减压干预措施的第三选择。如果这种非手术减压治疗不能治愈前足底溃疡,可以考虑跟腱延长术、跖骨头切除术、关节置换术或跖骨截骨术。为了治疗继发于屈趾畸形的神经性足底或小趾远端溃疡,可行趾屈肌腱切开术。为了促进后足、非足底或并发感染或缺血的溃疡的愈合,提出了进一步的推荐。所有推荐都已在减压临床路径中进行了总结,以帮助促进本指南在临床实践中的实施。这些减压推荐将帮助医务人员为糖尿病相关的足溃疡患者提供最佳的治疗和预后,降低患者感染、住院和截肢的风险。

关键词：糖尿病足溃疡减压减压装置指南国际糖尿病足工作组

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microRNAs and liver cancer associated with iron overload:Therapeutic targets unravelled

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第32期19卷 5212-5226页

作者： catherine m Greene Robert B Varley matthew W Lawless Respiratory Research Division Department of MedicineEducation and Research CentreRoyal College of Surgeons In IrelandBeaumont Hospital Experimental medicine UCD School of Medicine and Medical ScienceMater Misericordiae University Hospital

Primary liver cancer is a global disease that is on the *** carcinoma(HCC)accounts for most primary liver cancers and has a notably low survival rate,largely attributable to late diagnosis,resistance to treatment,tumour recurrence and ***(miRNAs/miRs)are regulatory RNAs that modulate protein *** are involved in several biological and pathological processes including the development and progression of *** the poor outcomes with current HCC treatments,miRNAs represent an important new target for therapeutic *** studies have demonstrated their role in HCC development and *** many risk factors underlie the development of HCC,one process commonly altered is iron *** overload occurs in several liver diseases associated with the development of HCC including Hepatitis C infection and the importance of miRNAs in iron homeostasis and hepatic iron overload is well *** miRNA expression in hepatic fibrosis and injury response have been reported,as have dysregulated miRNA expression patterns affecting cell cycle progression,evasion of apoptosis,invasion and ***2009,miR-26a delivery was shown to prevent HCC progression,highlighting its therapeutic *** studies have since investigated the clinical potential of other miRNAs with one drug,miravirsen,currently in phaseⅡclinical *** also have potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC and to evaluate treatment *** studies and clinical trials suggest miRNA-based treatments and diagnostic methods will have novel clinical applications for HCC in the coming years,yielding improved HCC survival rates and patient outcomes.

关键词： microRNAs Liver cancer Iron regulation Hepatitis C Therapeutic targets

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Formation of Extended Covalently Bonded Ni Porphyrin Networks on the Au（lll） Surface

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Nano Research 2011年第4期4卷 376-384页

作者： Sergey A. Krasnikov catherine m. Doyle Natalia N. Sergeeva Alexei B. Preobrajenski Nikolay A.Vinogradov Yulia N. Sergeeva Alexei A. Zakharov mathias O. Senge Attilio A. Cafolla School of Physical Sciences Dublin City University Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland Centre tbr Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices （CRANN） School of Physics Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland mAX-Lab Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden

The growth and ordering of {5,10,15,20-tetrakis（4-bromophenyl）porphyrinato}nickel（II）（NiTBrPP） molecules on the Au（111） surface have been investigated using scanning tunnelling microscopy, X-ray absorption, core-level photoemission, and microbeam low-energy electron diffraction. When deposited onto the substrate at room temperature, the NiTBrPP forms a well-ordered close-packed molecular layer in which the molecules have a flat orientation with the porphyrin macrocycle plane lying parallel to the substrate. Annealing of the NiTBrPP layer on the Au（111） surface at 525 K leads to dissociation of bromine from the porphyrin followed by the formation of covalent bonds between the phenyl substituents of the porphyrin. This results in the formation of continuous covalently bonded porphyrin networks, which are stable up to 800 K and can be recovered after exposure to ambient conditions. By controlling the experimental conditions, a robust, extended porphyrin network can be prepared on the Au（111） surface that has many potential applications such as protective coatings, in sensing or as a host structure for molecules and clusters.

关键词： Porphyrins covalently bonded networks scanning tunnelling microscopy X-ray photoemission spectroscopy near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure Au(111)

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