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Characterizing historical(1992–2010) transitions between grassland and cropland in mainland France through mining land-cover survey data

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1511-1523页

作者： Ying Xiao catherine Mignolet Jean-Fran?ois Mari Marc Beno?t INRA SAD UPR 055 AStER 662 Avenue Louis BuffetMirecourt 88500 France Université de Lorraine LORIA UMR 7503Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506 France

Grassland, as one of the largest ecosystems on the earth, supports various goods and services to ***, humans have increased agricultural output primarily by cropland expansion and agricultural *** cropland area was primarily gained at the expense of grassland and *** from grassland conversion, increasing consumption of calorie- and meat-intensive diets drives the intensification of livestock systems, which is shifting steadily from grazing to feeding with *** cope with the environmental degradation due to agriculture, various forms of ‘green payment＇ were implemented to promote the adoption of sustainable farming practices over the last two decades in the European *** aim of this study is to monitor the recent transitions（1992–2010） between grassland and cropland during two Common Agricultural Policy（CAP） reforms at the French mainland *** proposed an innovative approach to link grassland conversion to agricultural commodities and farming systems *** first assessed the grassland-to-cropland conversion and further investigated the crop sequence patterns that were observed to be dominant after the conversion through mining land-cover survey data teruti and *** found the trends of the transitions between grassland and cropland over the two time intervals： the loss of grassland（1992–2003） and restoration or re-expansion of grassland（2006–2010） in mainland *** finding on the crop sequence patterns after the grassland conversion reveals two notable evolutions of agricultural production *** evolutions were related to the increase in the proportion of cropland in the total agricultural land *** evolution was most likely influenced by the demand for fodder： the conversion from grazing livestock to feeding *** evolution was the conversion from livestock production to field crop *** results indicate that the intensification of livestock farming systems

关键词： conversion crop sequence patterns land-cover survey agricultural land-use change

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Melting of carbonate wall rocks and formation of the heterogeneous aureole of the Panzhihua intrusion,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 535-546页

作者： Clement Ganino Nicholas t.Arndt catherine Chauvel Alexandre Jean Charlotte Athurion Geoazur Universite de Nice-Sophia AntipolisCNRS/IRD250 rue Albert Einstein06560 ValbonneFrance ISterre Grenoble UniversitesCNRS/IRDBP 5338041 GrenobleCedex 9France

the Panzhihua gabbroic intrusion,part of the plumbing system of the Emeishan large igneous province, intruded late-Proterozoic dolomites and marls about～263 Ma *** dolomites in the contact aureole were converted to brucite marbles and a diverse suite of forsterite,diopside and garnet *** variation in mineralogy is explained in part by differences in the composition of the protolith,particularly the proportion of silica minerals and clay,and in part by transfer of elements from intruding *** trace element compositions of most marbles and skarns are very similar to those of unmetamorphosed dolomites and marls,but some contain high Si,ti,and Fe contents that are interpreted to have come from a magmatic *** brucite marbles sampled～10 m from the contact of the intrusion and named ＂enriched brucite marble＂ have trace element compositions very different from their dolomitic protolith：their rare earth elements are strongly enriched whereas levels of Nb-ta,Zr-Hf and ti are very *** characteristics resemble those of carbonate liquid in equilibrium with silicate liquid or more probably with silicate minerals in the case of Panzhihua,a similarity we take to indicate that the sample underwent partial *** taken up to 300 m from the contact contain brucite indicating that high temperatures persisted well into the country ***,other samples collected only tens of metres from the contact are only slightly recrystallized indicating that conditions in the aureole were highly *** suggest that temperatures within the aureole were controlled by conduction of heat from the main intrusion and by supply of additional heat from abundant small dykes within the *** of fluids derived from deeper levels in the aureole flushed the carbon dioxide from the dolomite,lowering temperature needed to partially melt carbonate to the temperatures attained near the *** but extensive heating destabilized the carbon

关键词： Panzhihua Melting Carbonates Contact aureole thermal metamorphism Petrology

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MicroRNA-135a Modulates Hepatitis C Virus Genome Replication through Downregulation of Host Antiviral Factors

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 197-210页

作者： catherine Sodroski Brianna Lowey Laura Hertz t.Jake Liang Qisheng Li Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health

Cellular microRNAs(miRNAs) have been shown to modulate HCV infection via directly acting on the viral genome or indirectly through targeting the virus-associated host factors. Recently we generated a comprehensive map of HCV–miRNA interactions through genome-wide miRNA functional screens and transcriptomics analyses. Many previously unappreciated cellular miRNAs were identified to be involved in HCV infection, including miR-135a, a human cancerrelated miRNA. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-135a in regulating HCV life cycle and showed that it preferentially enhances viral genome replication. Bioinformatics-based integrative analyses and subsequent functional assays revealed three antiviral host factors, including receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2(RIPK2), myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12), as bona fide targets of miR-135a. these genes have been shown to inhibit HCV infection at the RNA replication stage. Our data demonstrated that repression of key host restriction factors mediated the proviral effect of miR-135a on HCV propagation. In addition,miR-135a hepatic abundance is upregulated by HCV infection in both cultured hepatocytes and human liver, likely mediating a more favorable environment for viral replication and possibly contributing to HCV-induced liver *** results provide novel insights into HCV–host interactions and unveil molecular pathways linking miRNA biology to HCV pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Genome replication Virus-host interactions miR-135a Antiviral factors

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Bounding species distribution models

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 642-647页

作者： thomas J. StOHLGREN catherine S. JARNEVICH Wayne E. ESAIAS Jeffrey t. MORISEttE Fort Collins Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 2150 Centre Avenue Fort Collins CO 80526USA Code 614.5. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt MD 20771 USA

Species distribution models are increasing in popularity for mapping suitable habitat for species of management con- cern. Many investigators now recognize that extrapolations of these models with geographic information systems （GIS） might be sensitive to the environmental bounds of the data used in their development, yet there is no recommended best practice for ＂clamping＂ model extrapolations. We relied on two commonly used modeling approaches： classification and regression tree （CARt） and maximum entropy （Maxent） models, and we tested a simple alteration of the model extrapolations, bounding ex- trapolations to the maximum and minimum values of primary environmental predictors, to provide a more realistic map of suit-able habitat of hybridized Africanized honey bees in the southwestern United States. Findings suggest that multiple models of bounding, and the most conservative bounding of species distribution models, like those presented here, should probably replace the unbounded or loosely bounded techniques currently used [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 642-647,2011].

关键词： Niche models Geographic information systems Extrapolation Clamping

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Comparison of esophageal capsule endoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy for diagnosis of esophageal varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4480-4485页

作者： catherine t Frenette John G Kuldau Donald J Hillebrand Jill Lane Paul J Pockros Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Scripps ClinicLa JollaCaliforniaSan Francisco 94115United States

AIM： to investigate the utility of esophageal capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis and grading of esophageal varices. MEtHODS： Cirrhotic patients who were undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） for variceal screening or surveillance underwent capsule endoscopy. two separate blinded investigators read each capsule endoscopy for the following results： variceal grade, need for treatment with variceal banding or prophylaxis with beta-blocker therapy, degree of portal hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric varices. RESULtS： Fifty patients underwent both capsule and EGD. Forty-eight patients had both procedures on the same day, and 2 patients had capsule endoscopy within 72 h of EGD. the accuracy of capsule endoscopy to decide on the need for prophylaxis was 74%, with sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 82%. Interrater agreement was moderate （kappa = 0.56）. Agreement between EGD and capsule endoscopy on grade of varices was 0.53 （moderate）. Inter-rater reliability was good （kappa = 0.77）. In diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy, accuracy was 57%, with sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 17%. two patients had gastric varices seen on EGD, one of which was seen on capsule endoscopy. there were no complications from capsule endoscopy.CONCLUSION： We conclude that capsule endoscopy has a limited role in deciding which patients would benefit from EGD with banding or beta-blocker therapy. More data is needed to assess accuracy for staging esophageal varices, PHG, and the detection of gastric varices.

关键词： Esophageal varices Capsule endoscopy Portal hypertension

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trapped vessel of abdominal pain with hepatomegaly: A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第11期10卷 887-891页

作者： Sirisha Grandhe Joy A Lee Ankur Chandra Christopher Marsh catherine t Frenette Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-logy University of California Davis Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Scripps Green Hospital Department of Vascular Surgery Scripps Green Hospital Scripps Center for Organ transplant Scripps Green Hospital

Abdominal pain with elevated transaminases from inferior vena cava(IVC) obstruction is a relatively common reason for referral and further workup by a hepatologist. the differential for the cause of IVC obstruction is extensive, and the most common etiologies include clotting disorders or recent trauma. In some situations the common etiologies have been ruled out, and the underlying process for the patient's symptoms is still not explained. We present one unique case of abdominal pain and hepatomegaly secondary to IVC constriction from extrinsic compression of the diaphragm. Based on this patient's presentation, we urge that physicians be cognizant of the IVC diameter and consider extrinsic compression as a contributor to the patient's symptoms. If IVC compression from the diaphragm is confirmed, early referral to vascular surgery is strongly advised for further surgical intervention.

关键词： Liver imaging Abdominal pain Hepatic circulation Ischemia/reperfusion

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Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLtP) as an emerging determinant of the adaptive immune response

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第12期15卷 1077-1079页

作者： catherine Desrumaux Laurent Lagrost UniversitéMontpellier Montpellier F-34095France team‘Environmental Impacts in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders’(EiAlz) InsermU1198Montpellier F-34095France EPHE Paris F-75007France LipStIC LabEx Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche ComtéDijon F-21000France INSERM LNC UMR1231Dijon F-21000France University Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231Dijon F-21000France

Plasma phospholipid transfer protein(PLtP)is a multifunctional lipid *** addition to phospholipids,PLtP transports various amphipathic compounds,such as cholesterol,alphatocopherol,diacylglycerides,and *** addition to its impact on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis development,PLtP has recently been reported to modulate inflammation and immune *** modulates the phagocytic activity of macrophages and microglial cells1,2 and increases the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6(IL-6).3–5 In further support of the pro-inflammatory effect of PLtP,the expression level of IL-6 and the number of infiltrating macrophages in aortic tissue after experimental aneurysm induction were shown to be lower in PLtP-deficient mice than in wild-type mice;6 additionally,recombinant PLtP was shown to exert a direct pro-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes,independent of its lipid transfer activity.7 Notably,despite its direct pro-inflammatory actions,PLtP can exert indirect antiinflammatory actions through its ability to transport and detoxify lipopolysaccharides in gram-negative bacteria.8,9 In humans,the majority of PLtP-associated proteins are involved in innate immunity and/or the inflammatory response in plasma,and PLtP activity is significantly increased in patients with bacterial infections and systemic *** addition to the key roles of PLtP in innate immunity,a recent publication from our group entitled“Plasma phospholipid transfer protein(PLtP)modulates adaptive immune functions through alternation of t-helper-cell polarization”10 demonstrated for the first time that PLtP can also modulate adaptive immune *** modulation occurred through a profound effect on CD4+t-cell polarization toward the pro-inflammatory th1 *** novel property also supports the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic effects of PLtP(Fig.1).

关键词： PLtP immunity metabolism

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Cannabis use history is associated with increased prevalence of ascites among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A nationwide analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 993-1003页

作者： catherine J Choi Stanley H Weiss Umair M Nasir Nikolaos t Pyrsopoulos Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07101United States Department of Medicine Biostatistics and EpidemiologyRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States

BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the endocannabinoid system as a potential therapeutic target in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Cannabis use is associated with reduced risk for NAFLD,we hypothesized that cannabis use would be associated with less liver-related clinical complications in patients with *** to assess the effects of cannabis use on liver-related clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with *** We performed a retrospective matched cohort study based on querying the 2014 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)for hospitalizations of adults with a diagnosis of *** NIS database is publicly available and the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United *** patients with cannabis use were selected as cases and those without cannabis were selected as ***-control matching at a ratio of one case to two controls was performed based on sex,age,race,and *** liver-related outcomes such as portal hypertension,ascites,varices and variceal bleeding,and cirrhosis were compared between the *** A total of 49911 weighed hospitalizations with a diagnosis of NAFLD were *** these,3820 cases were selected as the cannabis group,and 7625 noncannabis cases were matched as *** with cannabis use had a higher prevalence of ascites(4.5%vs 3.6%),with and without cannabis use,P=*** prevalence of portal hypertension(2.1%vs 2.2%),varices and variceal bleeding(1.3%vs 1.7%),and cirrhosis(3.7%vs 3.6%)was not different between the groups,with and without cannabis use,all P>***,race/ethnicity other than White,Black,Asian,Pacific Islander or Native American,and higher comorbidity score were independent risk factors for ascites in the cannabis *** non-cannabis users,obesity and hyperlipidemia were independent protective factors against ascites while older age,Native American and higher comorbidity index were independent risk factors for ***

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver Cannabis Marijuana use Liver diseases Hospitalization

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Ru complex and N,P-containing polymers confined within mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for hydrogenation of CO_(2)to formate

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4515-4523页

作者： Guoxiang Yang Yasutaka Kuwahara Kohsuke Mori catherine Louis Hiromi Yamashita Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute for Open and transdisciplinary Research Initiatives(OtRI) Osaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Unit of Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts&Batteries(ESICB) Kyoto UniversityKatsuraKyoto 615-8520Japan JSt PRESTO4-1-8 HonchoKawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan Sorbonne Université CNRSLaboratoire de Réactivitéde SurfaceLRSF-75005 ParisFrance

the development of reliable catalysts with both excellent activity and recyclability for carbon dioxide(CO_(2))hydrogenation is ***,a ternary hybrid heterogeneous catalyst,involving mononuclear Ru complex,N,P-containing porous organic polymers(POPs),and mesoporous hollow carbon spheres(Ru^(3+)-POPs@MHCS)is reported for CO_(2)hydrogenation to *** on comprehensive structural analyses,we demonstrated that Ru^(3+)-POPs were successfully immobilized within *** optimized Ru^(3+)-0.5POPs@MHCS catalyst,which was obtained with about 5 wt.%Ru^(3+)and 0.5 mmol POPs polymers confined into 0.3 g MHCS,exhibited high catalytic activity for CO_(2)hydrogenation to formate(turnover number(tON)>1,200 for 24 h under mild reaction conditions(4.0 MPa,120℃))and improved durability,compared to Ru^(3+)catalysts without POPs polymers(Ru^(3+)-MHCS)and unencapsulated MHCS(Ru^(3+)-0.5POPs)*** improved catalytic performance is attributed to the high surface area and large pore volume of MHCS which favors dispersion and stabilization of Ru^(3+)-***,the MHCS and POPs showed high CO_(2)adsorption ***^(3+)-POPs encapsulated into MHCS reduces the activation energy barrier for CO_(2)hydrogenation to formate.

关键词： heterogeneous catalysis porous organic polymers(POPs) mesoporous hollow carbon spheres CO_(2)hydrogenation formate synthesis

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the immune modifying effects of amino acids on gut-associated lymphoid tissue

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 195-204页

作者： Megan R Ruth catherine J Field Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science 4-126A Li Ka Shing Health Research Innovation Centre University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 2E1 Canada

the intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue（GALt） are essential components of whole body immune defense,protecting the body from foreign antigens and pathogens,while allowing tolerance to commensal bacteria and dietary *** requirement for protein to support the immune system is well *** is known regarding the immune modifying properties of individual amino acids,particularly on the *** oral and parenteral feeding studies have established convincing evidence that not only the total protein intake,but the availability of specific dietary amino acids（in particular glutamine,glutamate,and arginine,and perhaps methionine,cysteine and threonine） are essential to optimizing the immune functions of the intestine and the proximal resident immune *** amino acids each have unique properties that include,maintaining the integrity,growth and function of the intestine,as well as normalizing inflammatory cytokine secretion and improving t-lymphocyte numbers,specific t cell functions,and the secretion of IgA by lamina propria *** understanding of this area has come from studies that have supplemented single amino acids to a mixed protein diet and measuring the effect on specific immune *** studies should be designed using amino acid mixtures that target a number of specific functions of GALt in order to optimize immune function in domestic animals and humans during critical periods of development and various disease states.

关键词： Amino acids Arginine Epithelium Glutamate Glutamine Gut-associated lymphoid tissue Intestine Mucosa

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