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Sexual maturity,seasonal estrus,and gestation in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus inferred from serum reproductive hormones

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 575-585页

作者： Peijun ZHANG Zhengzhi WEI Suk-Wai HUI grant ABEL Paolo MARTELLI Yujiang HAO Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Ocean Park Hong Kong Hong Kong SARChina Seattle Aquarium SeattleWAUSA Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences WuhanChina

Reproductive hormones in serum concentrations of progesterone,estradiol,and testosterone in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins(Tursiops aduncus,n=12)housed in Ocean Park Hong Kong were investigated in the present *** showed that,onset of puberty of captive Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins was at 5 years while sexual maturity was at *** serum progesterone concentrations in non-pregnant sexually mature individuals was 0.33(0.25–0.97)ng/mL(interquartile),significantly higher than in immature ones 0.26(0.25–0.38)ng/*** study found significant difference in serum estradiol concentrations between individuals at the onset of puberty(9.5±1.7 ng/mL,±SD)and not(below detection limit 9 pg/mL).A slightly seasonal breeding pattern,with progesterone values tend to be higher from February to October(0.38[0.25–1.07]ng/mL)was *** pregnancy,serum progesterone concentrations range from 10.54±8.74 ng/mL(indexed month post-conception[IMPC]0)to 25.49±12.06 ng/mL(IMPC 2),and display a bimodal pattern with 2 peaks in early-(25.49±12.06 ng/mL,IMPC 2)and late-pregnancy(21.71±10.25 ng/mL,IMPC 12),*** estradiol concentrations can seldom be detected in early-pregnancy and increase constantly in mid-(9.45±1.83 pg/mL)and late-pregnancy(11.88±3.81 pg/mL),with a spike(15.45±6.78 pg/mL)1 month prior to *** testosterone concentrations elevate significantly in IMPC 7(0.36±0.10 ng/mL)compared to other months(0.16±0.10 ng/mL)of the *** present study provides normal concentration profiles for some reproductive hormones in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins and can contribute to the breeding monitoring of this ***,our study would shed further light on the reproductive physiology of small cetaceans.

关键词： cetacean estradiol pregnancy progesterone testosterone

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Statistical quality control 7th ed.

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丛书名：国外大学优秀教材--工业工程系列

2002年

作者： [美]Eugene L. grant [美]Richard S. Leavenworth

本书是工业工程专业统计质量控制的经典教材，已经出到第7版。与前几版的做法一样，对上一版的改进一是体现在基本原理的表述上，二是使各种主题更接近时代。　　本书简要概述了质量控制的意义和历史发展过程，重点讲解了各种类型的控... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9787900641984

本书是工业工程专业统计质量控制的经典教材，已经出到第7版。与前几版的做法一样，对上一版的改进一是体现在基本原理的表述上，二是使各种主题更接近时代。　　本书简要概述了质量控制的意义和历史发展过程，重点讲解了各种类型的控制图和抽样检验体系和过程，而对概率和统计知识的介绍非常直观和简单。作者认为这种方式对工程和商业领域的学生非常重要，这是因为虽然他们的工业经验不多，但是他们将来可能要对操作员和检验员进行统计质量控制的课程培训。　　本书的第4部分颇具特色，主要涉及质量决策的经济因素、质量管理和问题解决的模式等内容。　　随着经济的发展和学科的交叉，工业工程所涉猎的主题已不仅仅局限于制造业。本书作者之一尤金·L·格兰特（Eugege·L·grant）曾是美国斯坦福大学的工程经济学教授，作为该领域的权威，他的视野较之一般专攻制造领域的教授更为宽广，所以该书作为工业工程专业统计质量控制的教材非常合适。

关键词： Quality control

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Wandering gravel-bed rivers and high-constructive stable channel sandy fluvial systems in the Ross River area,Yukon Territory,Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2011年第3期2卷 277-288页

作者： Darrel G.F.Long grant W.Lowey Department of Earth Sciences Laurentian UniversitySudburyOntario P3E 2C6Canada Yukon Geological Survey EnergyMines and Resources.Government of YukonP.O.Box 2703(K102)WhitehorseYukon Y1A 2C6Canada

Mid-Cretaceous strata within the Tintina Trench, 3 km west of the community of Ross River, contain evidence of deposition in two distinct, alternating, fluvial settings. Coal-bearing, mud-dominated strata are commonly associated with high-constructive sandy channel systems, with extensive overbank, levee and splay deposits. Channels are between 3 and 30 m wide and 0.4-7 m thick. They show repetitive development of side and in-channel bar-forms, as well as up-channel widening of the rivers by selective erosion of associated overbank and levee deposits. Levees extended for several hundred metres away from the channels. In this setting low-angle inclined stratification and epsilon cross stratification may reflect lateral migration of crevasse channels or small streams. The paucity of exposure prevents recognition of the channels as products of multiple channel anastomosed systems or single channel high-constructive systems. Gravel-dominated strata, inter-bedded with, and overlying coal-bearing units, are interpreted as deposits of wandering gravel-bed rivers, with sinuosity approaching 1.4. In most exposures they appear to be dominated by massive and thin planar-bedded granule to small pebble conglomerates, which would traditionally be interpreted as sheet-flood or longitudinal bar deposits of a high-gradient braided stream or alluvial fan. Architectural analysis of exposures in an open-pit shows that the predominance of flat bedding is an artefact of the geometry of the roadside exposures. In the pit the conglomerates are dominated by large scale cross stratification on a scale of 1-5.5 m. These appear to have developed as downstream and lateral accretion elements on side-bars and on in-channel bars in water depths of 2-12 m. Stacking of strata on domed 3rd order surfaces suggests development of longitudinal in-channel bar complexes similar to those observed in parts of the modern Rhone River system. Mudstone preserved in some of the channels reflects intervals of ch

关键词： Anastomosing rivers Wandering gravel-bedrivers Fluvial architecture Cretaceous Yukon

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Advances in the treatment of cervical rheumatoid: Less surgery and less morbidity

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第3期5卷 292-303页

作者： grant W Mallory Sasha R Halasz Michelle J Clarke Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that often affects the cervical *** it was initially thought that cervical involvement was innocuous,natural history studies have substantiated the progressive nature of untreated *** the past 50 years,there has been further elucidation in the pathophysiology of the disease,as well as significant advancements in medical and surgical *** introduction of disease modifying drugs and biologic agents has reduced the amount of patients with advanced stages of the disease needing *** in instrumentation techniques has improved patient outcomes and fusion *** introduction of endoscopic approaches for ventral decompression may further lower surgical *** this review,we give a brief overview of the pertinent positives of the disease.A discussion of historical techniques and the evolution of surgical therapy into the modern era is *** improved medical therapies and lessinvasive approaches,we will likely continue to see less advanced cases of disease and less surgical ***,a thorough understanding of the disease is crucial,as its systemic involvement and need for continued medical therapy have tremendous impact on overall complications and outcomes even in patients being seen for standard degenerative disease with comorbid rheumatoid.

关键词： Atlantoaxial instability Cranial settling Subaxial subluxation Cervical Surgery Morbidity Rheumatoid arthritis

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Bounding species distribution models

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 642-647页

作者： Thomas J. STOHLGREN catherine S. JARNEVICH Wayne E. ESAIAS Jeffrey T. MORISETTE Fort Collins Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 2150 Centre Avenue Fort Collins CO 80526USA Code 614.5. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt MD 20771 USA

Species distribution models are increasing in popularity for mapping suitable habitat for species of management con- cern. Many investigators now recognize that extrapolations of these models with geographic information systems （GIS） might be sensitive to the environmental bounds of the data used in their development, yet there is no recommended best practice for ＂clamping＂ model extrapolations. We relied on two commonly used modeling approaches： classification and regression tree （CART） and maximum entropy （Maxent） models, and we tested a simple alteration of the model extrapolations, bounding ex- trapolations to the maximum and minimum values of primary environmental predictors, to provide a more realistic map of suit-able habitat of hybridized Africanized honey bees in the southwestern United States. Findings suggest that multiple models of bounding, and the most conservative bounding of species distribution models, like those presented here, should probably replace the unbounded or loosely bounded techniques currently used [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 642-647,2011].

关键词： Niche models Geographic information systems Extrapolation Clamping

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Evolving willingness and ability interfaces: An innovation led transformation journey

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2020年第3期4卷 69-75页

作者： Douglas grant Pushkar P.Jha Roseline Wanjiru Ajay Bhalla HMRC Newcastle Upon TyneNE981ZZUK Newcastle Business School Northumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK Cass Business School City UniversityLondonEC1Y 8TZUK

This paper discusses evolving willingness and ability during transformation initiatives in public sector organisations,a novel perspective contributing to addressing the need for better assessment and improved practice in managing transformation *** are formed by synthesising research,providing brief scenarios,and then through a summary narrative of transformation at a public sector organisation labelled PSO.A variation in willingness and ability levels and a divergence in these two variables across stakeholders comes across as an undercurrent to negotiate when the transformation is *** it manifests is captured in propositions,providing a view of key interactions and consequences.

关键词： Willingness Ability Performance Mediation

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Landsat 8 and Alos DEM geological mapping reveals the architecture of the giant Mesoproterozoic Kunene Complex anorthosite suite(Angola/Namibia)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 308-328页

作者： Jeremie Lehmann Alan M.Brower Trishya M.Owen-Smith grant M.Bybee Ben Hayes Department of Geology University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Jurumani Solutions Midrand 1685South Africa School of Geosciences University of the Witwatersrand2050 JohannesburgSouth Africa

The quasi-monomineralic composition and huge spatial extent of massif-type anorthosites make detecting lithological regions and boundaries *** use processed Landsat 8 OLI multispectral images and ALOS digital elevation models integrated with field and petrographic observations to characterize the architecture of the≥17,000 km2 Mesoproterozoic Kunene Complex(KC)anorthosite suite in Angola and *** of false colour composite bands 6,4 and 1 and band ratios 4/2(ferric minerals),6/5(ferrous minerals)and 6/7(OH-bearing minerals),as well as assessment of the PCA and MNF matrices of eigenvectors and eigenvalues from Landsat 8 data using available spectral libraries,have substantially improved the interpretation of the Kunene Complex rock types and *** dataset shows that the reflectance signature of KC anorthositic rocks is primarily a function of the degree of metasomatism,which is most significant in olivine-poor rock *** weathering intensity of the olivine-bearing anorthosite substrate is another control on the remote sensing *** remote sensing and field-based approach has enabled us to divide the KC anorthosite suite into six distinct spectral and architecture domains and at least four distinct magmatic plutons when considering available high-precision geochronological *** northernmost pluton(ca.1380 Ma)of massive,olivine-bearing anorthosite shows distinct remote sensing signatures in the band ratio and MNF images marked by the dominance of OH-bearing and subordinate ferric *** central pluton(1412–1400 Ma)is composed of NNE-to N-striking steeply dipping interlayered olivine-bearing and olivinepoor anorthosite,which correspond to ridges of dark-coloured,low albedo rocks with subordinate slightly oxidised ferrous mineral spectral signatures,and valleys of low albedo and OH-bearing mineral spectral signatures.A NNE-striking tectonic zone along a linear belt of KC granite gneiss separates the northern and central plu

关键词： Remote sensing Structural geology LANDSAT 8 Alos DEM Lineaments Proterozoic massif-type anorthosite

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Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential of pharmacologically-induced hypothermia with D-alanine D-leucine enkephalin in brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2029-2037页

作者： M.grant Liska Marci G.Crowley Julian P.Tuazon Cesar V.Borlongan Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine

Neurovascular disorders, such as traumatic brain injury and stroke, persist as leading causes of death and disability - thus, the search for novel therapeutic approaches for these disorders continues. Many hurdles have hindered the translation of effective therapies for traumatic brain injury and stroke primarily because of the inherent complexity of neuropathologies and an inability of current treatment approaches to adapt to the unique cell death pathways that accompany the disorder symptoms. Indeed, developing potent treatments for brain injury that incorporate dynamic and multiple disorder-engaging therapeutic targets are likely to produce more effective outcomes than traditional drugs. The therapeutic use of hypothermia presents a promising option which may fit these criteria. While regulated temperature reduction has displayed great promise in preclinical studies of brain injury, clinical trials have been far less consistent and associated with adverse effects, especially when hypothermia is pursued via systemic cooling. Accordingly, devising better methods of inducing hypothermia may facilitate the entry of this treatment modality into the clinic. The use of the delta opioid peptide D-alanine D-leucine enkephalin（DADLE） to pharmacologically induce temperature reduction may offer a potent alternative, as DADLE displays both the ability to cause temperature reduction and to confer a broad profile of other neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes. This review explores the prospect of DADLE-mediated hypothermia to treat neurovascular brain injuries, emphasizing the translational steps necessary for its clinical translation.

关键词： stroke traumatic brian injury neurodegeneration temperature management regenerative medicine delta opioids metabolic suppression cerebrovascular disease neurovascular disease

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Comparison of esophageal capsule endoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy for diagnosis of esophageal varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4480-4485页

作者： catherine T Frenette John G Kuldau Donald J Hillebrand Jill Lane Paul J Pockros Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Scripps ClinicLa JollaCaliforniaSan Francisco 94115United States

AIM： To investigate the utility of esophageal capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis and grading of esophageal varices. METHODS： Cirrhotic patients who were undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） for variceal screening or surveillance underwent capsule endoscopy. Two separate blinded investigators read each capsule endoscopy for the following results： variceal grade, need for treatment with variceal banding or prophylaxis with beta-blocker therapy, degree of portal hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric varices. RESULTS： Fifty patients underwent both capsule and EGD. Forty-eight patients had both procedures on the same day, and 2 patients had capsule endoscopy within 72 h of EGD. The accuracy of capsule endoscopy to decide on the need for prophylaxis was 74%, with sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 82%. Interrater agreement was moderate （kappa = 0.56）. Agreement between EGD and capsule endoscopy on grade of varices was 0.53 （moderate）. Inter-rater reliability was good （kappa = 0.77）. In diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy, accuracy was 57%, with sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 17%. Two patients had gastric varices seen on EGD, one of which was seen on capsule endoscopy. There were no complications from capsule endoscopy.CONCLUSION： We conclude that capsule endoscopy has a limited role in deciding which patients would benefit from EGD with banding or beta-blocker therapy. More data is needed to assess accuracy for staging esophageal varices, PHG, and the detection of gastric varices.

关键词： Esophageal varices Capsule endoscopy Portal hypertension

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Impact of fertility versus mortality control on the demographics of Mastomys natalensis in maize fields

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1028-1040页

作者： Christopher I.IMAKANDO GMandela FERNÁNDEZ-GRANDON grant R.SINGLETON Steven R.BELMAIN Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences Copperbelt UniversityKitweZambia

The multimammate mouse,Mastomys natalensis,is the most common rodent pest species in sub-Saharan ***,rodenticides are the preferred method used to reduce the population of rodent pests,but this method poses direct and indirect risks to humans and other non-target *** control is a promising alternative that has been argued to be a more sustainable and humane method for controlling rodent *** this study,we compared the effectiveness of fertility control bait EP-1(quinestrol(E)and levonorgestrel(P),10 ppm)and an anticoagulant rodenticide bait(bromadiolone,50 ppm)on the population dynamics of *** in maizeﬁelds in Zambia during 2 cropping *** was the most abundant species in maizeﬁelds(77%of total captures).Fertility control reduced the number of juveniles and suppressed population growth of *** at the end of the 2019–2020 cropping *** population density initially decreased after rodenticide treatment,but the population rapidly recovered through *** of the treatments inﬂuenced maize damage by rodents at germination(F2,67=1.626,P=0.204).Applying the treatments during the maize seeding time was effective at suppressing population growth at the end of the cropping season than application the month before maize *** research indicates that a single-dose delivery of EP-1 and rodenticide have comparable effects on the population dynamics of ***ﬁndings are important in developing fertility control protocols for rodent pest populations to reduce maize crop damage and improve yields.

关键词： ecologically based rodent management levonorgestrel multimammate mouse quinestrol rodent pests rodenticide

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