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Issues and policies on China's sustainable human settlement

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第1期8卷 25-32页

作者： Liu YiInstitute of Geography, cas, Beijing 100101, CHINA

勃睮t is one of the major tasks to achieve sustainable human settlement for China's socioeconomic development within the coming century The sustainable development of human settlements is closely related to the development of the economy, the utilization of natural resources and environmental protection As a developing country China is facing a series of issues to achieve the sustainable human settlement, which should be rationally laid out with comprehensive facilities convenient for working and living, and which have clean, quiet and comfortable environments The policy of reform and opening to the outside world have accelerated national social and economic development and promoted urban development in China The rural population is continuously flowing into the cities and towns in increasing numbers Therefore, it is necessary not only to continue to improve the housing standards for the current urban population, but also to meet the needs of the newcomers The movement of great numbers of people and the increased circulation off goods and materials, combined with an increase in the number of motor vehicles, has meant that traffic problems are becoming a major issue in the development of human settlements The infrastructure is under pressures from the growth in urban population and from rising production and living standards The shortage of natural resources is another challenge to be faced in developing human settlements in China A low technological level and the improper use of resources has aggravated the severity of the problem In cities, the amount of land currently being used for industrial purposes is relatively high as compared with other land uses Approximately 70 percent of industries are located in the cities and in many areas, factories and housing are intermixed, a major factor affecting the environment of urban residential areas The taking up of arable land by the village and township enterprises is another serious problem Settlements in tow

关键词： human settlement urbanization sustainable development housing China

Mineral industry and regional development in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第1期8卷 2-11页

作者： Zhang LeiInstitute of Geography, cas, Beijing 100101, CHINA

This paper represents an exploratory undertaking to analyse the positive aspects of mineral activity in regional development during the past over 40 years in China The results of applying factor analysis and cluster analysis indicate that: the SocioEconomic Development Factor dominates the general pattern of China's regional disparities; the development of specialized mineral activities reinforces the structure through improving the leading position of core regions as a result of developments in rawmaterial manufacturings; mineral development can further regional development through the inception of a national integrated transport system; for most developing areas, mineral industry can act as a key instrument to stimulate and sustain regional development only in terms of their resource perspectiveplentiful resources equals good growth prospects,while scanty resources equates with much poorer prospects Examination of the factor loading pattern reveals that there are only four variables which have positive loadings across all factors These variables provide an insight into the characteristics of early industrialization in China: firstly, the structural transformation from an agrarian society to one rooted in industry in a country can cause a great increase in mineral consumption; secondly, under this pressure, the system of production becomes heavily engaged in the development of mineral processing; thirdly, mineral development can further regional development through the inception of a national integrated transport system; and finally, all the developments can provide the region with great opportunities for achievement of social wellbeing conductive with the “takeoff' point”

关键词： mienral activity regional development the centreperiphery structure

Preparation and Characterization of Amorphous Layer on Aluminum Alloy Formed by Plasma Electrolytic Deposition(PED)

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 1084-1087页

作者： GUANYong-jun XIAYuan InstituteofMechanics CASBeijingChina

In this investigation, protective layers were formed on aluminum substrate by Plasma Electrolytic Deposition (PED) using sodium silicate solution. The relation between the thickness of the layer and process time were studied. XRD, SEM, EDS were used to study the layer’s structure, composition and micrograph. The results show that the deposited layers are amorphous and contain mainly oxygen, silicon, and aluminum. The possible formation mechanism of amorphous [Al-Si-O] layer was proposed: During discharge periods, A12O3 phase of the passive film and SiO32"near the substrate surface are sintered into xSiO2(l - x)Al2O, and then transformed into amorphous [Al-Si-O] phase.

关键词：等离子电镀非晶形层铝合金 PED

A declaration on the notion of science

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2007年第2期21卷 90-92页

作者： cas and the Presidium of cas Academic Divisions

While constantly revealing the laws of the objective world and of mankind itself, science, and technology, whose development is based on the former, have greatly advanced the productive forces of society and brought about changes to people＇s modes of production and life in general. They have also tapped man＇s power of reason, bringing about such things as epistemology and methodology, the scientific world view, and a wealth of advanced culture that includes the spirit, ethics and integrity of science. As a result, humankind＇s spiritual realm is continuously upgraded.

关键词：中国科学院中国科研机构科学技术科研成果

THE COMPARISON OF SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE IN CHINA BETWEEN GCM MODEL CLIMATE AND OBSERVED CLIMATE

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1992年第2期 58-82页

作者： Wei-Chyung Wang Zhang Yi Institute of Geography,cas Atmospheric Science Research Centre State University of New York at Albany

In the presentstudy,we compare the observed surface air temperature in China with those simulated from the NCAR general circulation *** results indicate that1 x CO2model climate is similar to observation climate over China,especially in the eastern partof *** model summer temperature calculated is in better agreement,but winter is *** mean temperature differences between model climate and observed climate of summer,autumn,winter and spring are 1.08℃,1.16℃,1.85℃and 1.26℃*** annual mean temperature difference is 1.12℃.

关键词： model climate observed climate spatial-climate equation

Collaboration between cas and MPG

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2000年第3期14卷 139-142页

作者： Li Zhiyi, Fang Qiang (Both writers are with cas Bureau of International Cooperation.)

After China established its diplomatic ties with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1972, the two countries’ largest comprehensive basic research institutions, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (cas) and the German Max-Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG), signed their First Scientific Cooperation Agreement in 1978, which formed the basis of the scientific and technological cooperation between the two parties. Cooperation between cas and MPG is conducted in various forms, such as the exchange

关键词：切口

The supporting capability of Water and land resources for sustainable increase of yield in North China Plain

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第2期8卷 80-85页

作者： ZHANG HongyeInstitute of Geography, cas, Beijing 100101 CHINA

The potential of yield increase in the North China Plain is about 30 billion kg by ameliorating the low yield and medium low yield farmlands and 4 billion kg by reclaiming unused land. Water shortage will be the main limitation to the further increase of grain crop yield. The amount of water shortage is 8 200 million m3 at present, and will be 17 720 million m3 in 2 000. Yield increase can not be realized by using more water in the future. Other factors such as decrease of the area of cultivated land and the grain crop growing area, deterioration of environment and destruction of resources will also affect the development of grain production. Some suggestions have been proposed in the paper for attaining sustainable increase of yield in the plain.

关键词： North China Plain yield increase grain crop water and land resources

Canonical correlation analysis to land-use structure and its driving forces——Taking Yulin Prefecture as an example

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第2期8卷 73-79页

作者： ZHANG MingInstitute of Geography, cas, Beijing 100101 CHINA

In this paper, one of the most classical statistical methods, Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is applied to identify quantitatively the driving forces of landuse structure in Yulin Prefecture. The main analysis is carried out through the software SPSS with the data on the level of towns and townships in 1992. The results indicate that landuse structure is determined by comprehensive action of different factors. Landuse structure with rural characteristics is mainly determined by geographical factors such as the elevation, temperature and precipitation, while the landuse structure with urban characteristics is mainly determined by demographic and socioeconomic conditions. At the same time, tests were carried out through the canonical correlation coefficient and redundancy analysis.

关键词： Canonical Correlation Analysis Redundancy Analysis landuse and landcover change driving force

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