BACKGROUND Airborne sports have become more popular in recent *** number of accidents has increased linearly as athletes take increasingly greater risks to experience the adventurous spirit of this kind of *** To inve...
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BACKGROUND Airborne sports have become more popular in recent *** number of accidents has increased linearly as athletes take increasingly greater risks to experience the adventurous spirit of this kind of *** To investigate the variety of injuries in airborne sport accidents,as well as which acute treatment these patients receive,both before and after admission to a levelone-trauma *** We performed a retrospective chart analysis at a major level-one-trauma center in Switzerland for 235-patients who were admitted following airborne sports injuries between 2010 and ***’demographic data,injury patterns,emergency primary care procedures and intra-hospital care were *** Overall,718-injuries in 235-patients were identified;the spine was the most commonly affected region with 46.5%of injuries(n=334/718)in *** 69-patients(15.5%),the(non-spine)thorax was affected,followed by the lower and upper extremity,pelvis,head/face and abdominal ***-patients had to be intubated at the trauma *** patients were resuscitated after onset of ***-patients died in the resuscitation *** 116-cases,surgery was indicated including 55-emergency *** 19 patients(8.1%)were transferred to the intensive care *** Paragliders are most commonly affected,although the highest injury severities were identified for Building,Antenna,Span and Earth-jumping *** responders,treating physicians and pilots should be aware of the risk for potentially serious and life-threatening injury with an in-hospital mortality of 0.9%.
The initial inflammatory phase of bone fracture healing represents a critical step for the outcome of the healing process. However, both the mechanisms initiating this inflammatory phase and the function of immune cel...
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The initial inflammatory phase of bone fracture healing represents a critical step for the outcome of the healing process. However, both the mechanisms initiating this inflammatory phase and the function of immune cells present at the fracture site are poorly understood. In order to study the early events within a fracture hematoma, we established an in vitro fracture hematoma model: we cultured hematomas forming during an osteotomy (artificial bone fracture) of the femur during total hip arthroplasty (THA) in vitro under bioenergetically controlled conditions. This model allowed us to monitor immune cell populations, cell survival and cytokine expression during the early phase following a fracture. Moreover, this model enabled us to change the bioenergetical conditions in order to mimic the in vivo situation, which is assumed to be characterized by hypoxia and restricted amounts of nutrients. Using this model, we found that immune cells adapt to hypoxia via the expression of angiogenic factors, chemoattractants and pro-inflammatory molecules. In addition, combined restriction of oxygen and nutrient supply enhanced the selective survival of lymphocytes in comparison with that of myeloid derived cells (i.e., neutrophils). Of note, non-restricted bioenergetical conditions did not show any similar effects regarding cytokine expression and/or different survival rates of immune cell subsets. In conclusion, we found that the bioenergetical conditions are among the crucial factors inducing the initial inflammatory phase of fracture healing and are thus a critical step for influencing survival and function of immune cells in the early fracture hematoma.
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