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汉语普通话中双焦点的产出及其感知

声学学报 2019年第1期44卷 1-11页

作者：王蓓刘璐张夏夏 caroline féry 中央民族大学北京100081 德国法兰克福大学法兰克福60323

以往的研究发现双焦点句中第一个焦点后往往缺少音高压缩。这一现象是否与两个焦点间的音节数有关?实验控制了焦点词的位置和句子长度两个因素,发现双焦点句中两个焦点既相互独立又相互依存.独立性表现为每个焦点有各自的实现范围,其音... 详细信息

以往的研究发现双焦点句中第一个焦点后往往缺少音高压缩。这一现象是否与两个焦点间的音节数有关?实验控制了焦点词的位置和句子长度两个因素,发现双焦点句中两个焦点既相互独立又相互依存.独立性表现为每个焦点有各自的实现范围,其音高升高和时长延长都和所对应的单焦点的条件接近;依存性表现为两个焦点可以在同一个语调短语内共存。第一个焦点后因为有了韵律短语边界而缺少音高压缩,而与两个焦点间的音节数没有直接关系。感知实验的结果显示:双焦点的辨认正确率显著低于句首单焦点。这主要因为同时判别两个焦点的难度比较高。如果只要求听音人关注第一个焦点,其辨认率明显提高,且与句首单焦点的判断正确率无显著差异。可见,在双焦点句中,句首和句末焦点的判断有不对称性。音高和时长的增加可以保证句首焦点的正确感知,但不能保证句末焦点的正确感知。总体来说,两个焦点中句首焦点在感知上有更高的突显度。

关键词：双焦点汉语普通话感知韵律短语不对称性正确率音高依存性

Prosodic encoding of topic and focus and its influence on speech perception in split sentences of Chinese Putonghua

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Chinese Journal of Acoustics 2012年第1期31卷 101-112页

作者： WANG Bei caroline féry College of Chinese Minority Language and Literature Minzu University of China Beijing 100081 Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitt frankfurt am Main Germany

This study is an investigation of the prosodic encoding of split noun sentences in Chinese Putonghua, for instance, ＂shu, wo mai le san ben. （Book, I buy ASP three CLAS. ＇I bought three books＇）＂, in which syntactic fronting highlights the split noun. The question- and-answer paradigm was used to construct contexts where the split noun is either the topic or the focus of the sentence. Acoustic analysis of 280 split sentences read by seven speakers show that the maximum f0 of the base part is higher and the pause after the split noun is shorter in the topic condition than that in the focus condition. But the split noun itself does not differ in either f0 or duration across the two conditions. A perception experiment further shows that the difference in prosody between the two conditions is perceivable, since matched question-and-statement pairs are preferred over unmatched ones.

关键词：普通话韵律分裂编码中国感知背景分割声学分析

Effect of natural organic matter on thallium and silver speciation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 185-192页

作者： Loïc A.Martin caroline Simonucci Sétareh Rad Marc f.Benedetti Universitéde Paris Institut de physique du globe de ParisCNRSF-75005 ParisFrance IRSN PSE-ENV/SIRSE/LER-NordBP 1792262 Fontenay-aux-Roses CedexFrance Catchment and Eco-Hydrology Research Group Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyL-4422 BelvauxLuxembourg BRGM Unitéde Géomicrobiologie et Monitoring Environnemental45060 Orléans Cedex 2France

Natural organic matter(NOM)is known to play an important role in the transport and binding of trace metal elements in aquatic and soil *** is a pollutant for which the extent of the role played by NOM is poorly ***,this study investigates thallium(Ⅰ)and its complexation to a purified humic substance as proxy for *** were performed with the Donnan Membrane Technique to separate,for the first time,the free Tl^+ion from its complexed form in the bulk *** pH and concentrations were investigated at constant ionic strength and constant NOM proxy concentrations in *** results were described with NICA-Donnan *** complexation was compared to silver complexation using literature data and using the same NICA-Donnan *** for these two cations(Tl^+and Ag^+)are reported in this article,for the first *** display low thallium complexation to the NOM proxy while silver competes with divalent cations for the NOM binding *** speciation for dissolved thallium highlights the dominance of free thallium(Tl^+)in solution whereas Tl-NOM complexes contribute roughly 15%to total Tl(Ⅰ)species in river and lake type *** results are obtained for soil solutions,Tl-bound to NOMf total,from UK soils with different land use and geochemistry.

关键词： Thallium Organic matter Speciation NICA-Donnan model Soil Water

On the Stability of Racing Sailing Boats with foils

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 427-450页

作者： Philippe DESTUYNDER caroline fABRE Département d'ingénierie Mathématique Laboratoire M2N Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 292rue saint Martin75003 ParisFrance Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay Univ.Paris-SudCNRSUniversitéParis-Saclay 91405 OrsayFrance

The development of foils for racing boats has changed the strategy of sailing. Recently, the America＇s cup held in San francisco, has been the theatre of a tragicomic history due to the foils. During the last round, the New-Zealand boat was winning by 8 to 1 against the defender USA. The winner is the first with 9 victories. USA team understood suddenly （may be） how to use the control of the pitching of the inain foils by adjusting the rake in order to stabilize the ship. And USA won by 9 victories against 8 to the challenger NZ. The goal in this paper is to point out few aspects which could be taken into account in order to improve this mysterious control law which is known as the key of the victory of the USA team. There are certainly many reasons and in particular the cleverness of the sailors and of all the engineering team behind this project. But it appears interesting to have a mathematical discussion, even if it is a partial one, on the mechanical behaviour of these extraordinary sailing boats. The nunlerical exanlples given here are not the true ones. They have just been invented in order to explain the theoretical developments concerning three points： The possibility of tacking on the foils for sailing upwind, the nature of foiling instabilities, if there are, when the boat is flying and the control laws.

关键词： Hydrodynamics of foils Mathematical analysis Stability

Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the macro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in most soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a number of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-come Pi limitation is to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycor-rhizal(AM)fungi(Smith et al.,2011),which occurs with approximately 80%of land *** fungi improve the uptake of Pi and other mineral nutrients and thereby increase plant performance and stress *** collect these minerals with an extraradical hyphal network from the soil and release them from highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The mechanistic basis for this has long remained *** studies have now solved this long-standing mystery and demonstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory module regulates AM symbiosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby symbiosis release

RNA therapeutics:updates and future potential

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 12-30页

作者： caroline Zhang Biliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Guangzhou RiboBio Co. LtdGuangzhou 510663China Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co. Guangzhou 510530China

Recent advancements in the production,modification,and cellular delivery of RNA molecules facilitated the expansion of RNAbased *** increasing understanding of RNA biology initiated a corresponding growth in RNA *** this review,the general concepts of five classes of RNA-based therapeutics,including RNA interference-based therapies,antisense oligonucleotides,small activating RNA therapies,circular RNA therapies,and messenger RNA-based therapeutics,will be ***,we also provide an overview of RNA-based therapeutics that have already received regulatory approval or are currently being evaluated in clinical trials,along with challenges faced by these ***-based drugs demonstrated positive clinical trial results and have the ability to address previously“undruggable”targets,which delivers great promise as a disruptive therapeutic technology to fulfill its full clinical potentiality.

关键词： RNA RNA therapeutics mRNA vaccine RNAi

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frequency-selective Optimization of Periodic Gate Control Signals in DC/DC Converters for EMI-reduction

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 11-18页

作者： caroline Krause Stephan frei On-board Systems Lab TU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

High-frequency switching of power transistors in power electronic systems can cause electromagnetic *** approaches for reducing high-frequency disturbances,such as inserting an additional gate resistor,lead to increased power *** makes achieving both electromagnetic compatibility and power efficiency *** gate drivers help to find a trade-off between these ***,only narrow-band disturbances must be ***,a target signal with a spectrum notched at some frequencies can be *** target signal can be reached by a target-signal-oriented control of the transistor’s *** leads to steeper switching slopes,such that the power losses are less *** arbitrary target signals is *** transistor signal exhibits some physical limitations.A constraint satisfaction problem must be solved,and the gate drive signal must be optimized by applying a residual and Newton’s *** proposed optimization process in the frequency domain is based on the circuit simulation method named“harmonic balance”.Measurements on a DC/DC converter exhibit the benefits of this method.

关键词： Power electronics active gate driving electromagnetic compatibility Newton’s method

Novel applications of statins for bone regeneration

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National Science Review 2015年第1期2卷 85-99页

作者： Sarita R.Shah caroline A.Werlang f.Kurtis Kasper Antonios G.Mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice University Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University

The use of statins for bone regeneration is a promising and growing area of research. Statins, originally developed to treat high cholesterol, are inhibitors of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl, the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway. Because the mevalonate pathway is responsible for the synthesis of a wide variety of important biochemical molecules, including cholesterol and other isoprenoids,the efects of statins are pleiotropic. In particular, statins can greatly afect the process of bone turnover and regeneration via efects on important cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and osteoclasts. Statins have also been shown to have anti-inlammatory and antimicrobial properties that may be useful since infection can derail normal bone healing. his review will explore the pleiotropic efects of statins, discuss the current use of statins for bone regeneration, particularly with regard to biomaterials-based controlled delivery, and ofer perspectives on the challenges and future directions of this emerging area of bone tissue engineering.

关键词： tissue engineering osteogenesis statin HMG-Co A reductase local delivery

INTEGRATED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS fOR SOLAR COMMUNITIES

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第2期10卷 134-156页

作者： caroline Hachem-Vermette faculty of Environmental Design Professional faculties 3170 University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary AB T2N 1N4

This paper presents design considerations for an integrated design of solar commu-nities highlighting the interactive nature of various design parameters to improve the energy performance of these *** considerations are illus-trated through practical design examples of different neighborhood scenarios and individual buildings,based on extensive studies and analysis of energy performance of a wide spectrum of buildings and *** examples fall under two general categories-design at the neighborhood level,and design at the individ-ual building *** design is illustrated by examples of homogeneous residential neighborhoods consisting of 2-storied housing units and of a mixed-rise *** of individual buildings focuses primarily on design of the envelope-consisting of roof and façades-for maximizing energy generation poten-tial,as a function of height and relative position to adjacent *** addition to examples of application of the design considerations,the paper outlines the process of design of solar communities and the role of simulations in the design process.

关键词： Integrated Design Process Solar Potential Passive solar design Building integrated photovoltaic Solar neighbourhood design