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Shifts in phenology of autumn migration and wing length among reedbed passerines along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 275-284页

作者： John A.Allcock Timothy C.Bonebrake Yik Hei Sung caroline Dingle School of Biological Sciences Kadoorie Biological Sciences BuildingThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Science Unit Lingnan UniversityHong Kong SARChina

Climate change impacts bird migration phenology,causing changes in departure and arrival dates,leading to potential mismatches between migration and other key seasonal *** the impacts of climate change on arrival at breeding grounds have been relatively well documented,little is known about the impacts of climate change on post-breeding migration,especially at stopover *** we use long-term(11 years)banding data(11,118 captures)from 7 species at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve in Hong Kong,a key stopover site for migratory birds along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway,to describe long-term changes in migration phenology and to compare observed changes to annual weather *** also examine changes in wing length over a longer time period(1985–2020)as wing length often correlates positively with migration *** found that observed changes in migratory phenology vary by species;three species had later estimated arrival(by 1.8 days per year),peak(by 2.6 days per year)or departure(by 2.5 days per year),one showed an earlier peak date(by 1.8days per year)and two showed longer duration of passage(2.7 days longer and 3.2 days longer per year).Three species exhibited no long-term change in migration *** two of the four species with shifting phenology,temperature was an important predictor of changing peak date,departure dates and duration of *** length was shorter in three species and longer in two species,but these changes did not correlate with observed phenological *** complex changes observed here are indicative of the challenges concerning the detection of climate change in migratory stopover *** monitoring and a better understanding of the dynamics of all sites in the migratory pathway will aid conservation of these species under global change.

关键词： Autumn migration Climate change East Asian–Australasian flyway Passerines Phenology Reedbed

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The art book

Promoting physical activity in a public health context

作者： Bugler caroline.

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 1-2页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth caroline A.Macera School of Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State University U.S.Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program

In this special issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science entitled Physical Activity and Public Health,5 papers,1 commentary,and 1 research highlight discuss efforts using public health approaches to increase physical activity(PA)in global *** efforts are warranted based on the prevalence of adults(23%)worldwide who are insufficiently active at levels recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO).

关键词：公共健康物理上下文

Exploring the Current Practices,Costs and Benefits of FAIR Implementation in Pharmaceutical Research and Development:A Qualitative Interview Study

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Data Intelligence 2021年第4期3卷 507-527页

作者： Ebtisam Alharbi Rigina Skeva Nick Juty caroline Jay Carole Goble School of Computer Science University of ManchesterManchesterManchester M139PLUK College of Computer and Information Systems Umm Al-Qura UniversityMeccaMakkah 21421Saudi Arabia

The findable,accessible,interoperable,reusable(FAIR)principles for scientific data management and stewardship aim to facilitate data reuse at scale by both humans and *** and development(R&D)in the pharmaceutical industry is becoming increasingly data driven,but managing its data assets according to FAIR principles remains costly and *** date,little scientific evidence exists about how FAIR is currently implemented in practice,what its associated costs and benefits are,and how decisions are made about the retrospective FAIRification of data sets in pharmaceutical R&*** paper reports the results of semi-structured interviews with 14 pharmaceutical professionals who participate in various stages of drug R&D in seven pharmaceutical *** thematic analysis identified three primary themes of the benefits and costs of FAIRification,and the elements that influence the decision-making process for FAIRifying legacy data *** collectively acknowledged the potential contribution of FAIRification to data reusability in diverse research domains and the subsequent potential for *** costs,however,were still considered a barrier by participants,with the need for considerable expenditure in terms of resources,and cultural *** decisions were made about FAIRification was influenced by legal and ethical considerations,management commitment,and data *** findings have significant implications for those in the pharmaceutical R&D industry who are engaged in driving FAIR implementation,and for external parties who seek to better understand existing practices and challenges.

关键词： FAIR FAIRification Retrospective FAIRification Pharmaceutical R&D Cost-benefit Decision-making process

Oxidative stress physiology in relation to life history traits of a free-living vertebrate:the spotted snow skink,Niveoscincus ocellatus

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 140-149页

作者： caroline ISAKSSON Geoffrey M.WHILE Mats OLSSON Jan KOMDEUR Erik WAPSTRA University of Groningen Animal Ecology GroupHarenThe Netherlands University of Wollongong School of Biological SciencesWollongongNew South Wales University of Tasmania School of ZoologyHobartTasmaniaAustralia

Recent research suggests that oxidative stress,via its links to metabolism and senescence,is a key mechanism linking life history traits such as fecundity and growth with survival;however,this has rarely been put under empirical scrutiny within free-living *** a wild population of live-bearing skinks,we explored how plasma antioxidant activity(OXY),reactive oxidative metabolites(ROM),and the estimated oxidative stress index are associated with female and male life *** found that male skinks have a significantly higher ROM and estimated oxidative stress index than female skinks,but this was not accompanied by a sex difference in *** sexes showed a non-linear association between OXY and age,indicating that the oldest and youngest individuals had the lowest ***,female skinks with high OXY showed a decreased probability of survival to the following ***,we found no significant associations between female reproductive investment(litter size or litter mass)or parturition date(***)and oxidative ***,our results offer mixed support for a role of oxidative stress in mediating life history traits and suggest that future studies need to explore oxidative stress during vitellogenesis in addition to using an intra-individual approach to understand the cost of reproduction and patterns of aging.

关键词： antioxidants life history Niveoscincus ocellatus oxidative stress reptile

Pricing formulae for derivatives in insurance using Malliavin calculus

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2018年第1期3卷 210-228页

作者： caroline Hillairet Ying Jiao Anthony Reveillac ENSAE Universite Paris Saclay CREST5 avenue Henry Le Chatelier91120 PalaiseauFrance Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1 Institutde Science Financiere et d’Assurances69007 Lyon France INSA de Toulouse IMT UMR CNRS 5219Universite de Toulouse135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France

In this paper,we provide a valuation formula for different classes of actuar-ial and financial contracts which depend on a general loss process by using Malliavin *** to the celebrated Black-Scholes formula,we aim to express the expected cash flow in terms of a building *** former is related to the loss process which is a cumulated sum indexed by a doubly stochastic Poisson process of claims allowed to be dependent on the intensity and the jump times of the count-ing *** example,in the context of stop-loss contracts,the building block is given by the distribution function of the terminal cumulated loss taken at the Value at Risk when computing the expected shortfall risk measure.

关键词： Cox processes Pricing formulae Insurance derivatives Malliavincalculus

Early detection and prevention of pancreatic cancer:Is it really possible today?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12118-12131页

作者： Marco Del Chiaro Ralf Segersvrd Matthias Lohr caroline Verbeke Division of Surgery Department of Clinical ScienceIntervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska Institute141 86 StockholmSweden Division of Pathology Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska Institute141 86 StockholmSweden

Pancreatic cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death in Western countries. Considering the low incidence of pancreatic cancer, population-based screening is not feasible. However, the existence of a group of individuals with an increased risk to develop pancreatic cancer has been well established. In particular, individuals suffering from a somatic or genetic condition associated with an increased relative risk of more than 5- to 10-fold seem to be suitable for enrollment in a surveillance program for prevention or early detection of pancreatic cancer. The aim of such a program is to reduce pancreatic cancer mortality through early or preemptive surgery. Considering the risk associated with pancreatic surgery, the concept of preemptive surgery cannot consist of a prophylactic removal of the pancreas in high-risk healthy individuals, but must instead aim at treating precancerous lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms or pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms, or early cancer. Currently, results from clinical trials do not convincingly demonstrate the efficacy of this approach in terms of identification of precancerous lesions, nor do they define the outcome of the surgical treatment of these lesions. For this reason, surveillance programs for individuals at risk of pancreatic cancer are thus far generally limited to the setting of a clinical trial. However, the acquisition of a deeper understanding of this complex area, together with the increasing request for screening and treatment by individuals at risk, will usher pancreatologists into a new era of preemptive pancreatic surgery. Along with the growing demand to treat individuals with precancerous lesions, the need for low-risk investigation, low-morbidity operation and a minimally invasive approach becomes increasingly pressing. All of these considerations are reasons for preemptive pancreatic surgery programs to be undertaken in specialized centers only.

关键词： Preemptive pancreatic surgery Cystic tumors of the pancreas Familial pancreatic cancer Early detection Pancreas cancer screening

The Challenging Place of Natural Hazards in Disaster Risk Reduction Conceptual Models:Insights from Central Africa and the European Alps

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第3期11卷 316-332页

作者： caroline Michellier Patrick Pigeon André Paillet Théodore Trefon Olivier Dewitte Francois Kervyn Natural Hazards Service Royal Museum for Central Africa3080 TervurenBelgium EDYTEM Laboratory Universite de Savoie-Mont-Blanc73376 Le Bourget du lacFrance Geodynamics and Mineral Resources Service Royal Museum for Central Africa3080 TervurenBelgium

Based on a literature review and two case studies,this article presents the difficulties inherent in the main disaster risk reduction conceptual *** method used to highlight such evidence is to compare two programs on disaster risk reduction with mainstream conceptual *** authors participated in these programs,which were confronted with the need to integrate contributions and insights from both earth and social *** analysis found that the existing main conceptual models were unable to do justice to disaster risk reduction *** finding encouraged us to critique these *** effort led us to present possible solutions to compensate for the shortcomings of current models while taking into account the contextualization and dynamics of phenomena,as well as grappling with the more explicit integration of hazards and hazard risk into model design.

关键词： Central Africa Conceptual models Disaster risk reduction Natural hazards Northern French Alps

Human viral pathogens are pervasive in wastewater treatment center aerosols

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 45-53页

作者： Evelyne Brisebois Marc Veillette Vanessa Dion-Dupont Jacques Lavoie Jacques Corbeil AlexANDer Culley caroline Duchaine Universite Laval Pavillon Alexandre Vachon1045ave de la MedecineQuebecQC GIVOA6Canada CRIUCPQ 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecQC GIV 4G5Canada IRSST 505 Boulevard de Maisonneuve OMontréalQCH3A 3C2Canada CRCHU 2705 Boulevard LaurierRC-709QuébecQCG1V 4G2Canada

Wastewater treatment center（WTC） workers may be vulnerable to diseases caused by viruses, such as the common cold, influenza and gastro-intestinal infections. Although there is a substantial body of literature characterizing the microbial community found in wastewater, only a few studies have characterized the viral component of WTC aerosols,despite the fact that most diseases affecting WTC workers are of viral origin and that some of these viruses are transmitted through the air. In this study, we evaluated in four WTCs the presence of 11 viral pathogens of particular concern in this milieu and used a metagenomic approach to characterize the total viral community in the air of one of those WTCs. The presence of viruses in aerosols in different locations of individual WTCs was evaluated and the results obtained with four commonly used air samplers were *** detected four of the eleven viruses tested, including human adenovirus（h Ad V）,rotavirus, hepatitis A virus（HAV） and Herpes Simplex virus type 1（HSV1）. The results of the metagenomic assay uncovered very few viral RNA sequences in WTC aerosols, however sequences from human DNA viruses were in much greater relative abundance.

关键词： Airborne viruses Air sampling Wastewater treatment plants Viral metagenomics