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How completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up to May *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template(CERT),and international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCTs of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after TIDieR and CERT publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

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Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

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National Science Review 2024年第04期11卷 33-35页

作者： Ke-Qing Xiao Chao Liang Zimeng Wang Jingjing Peng Yao Zhao Ming Zhang Mingyu Zhao Shuiqing Chen Yong-Guan Zhu caroline L.Peacock State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC)[1]. In a recent study published in Nature [2],the authors used a data-driven machinelearning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a positive correlation between CUE and SOC content and that, based on sensitivity analysis, CUE is at least four times as important as six other evaluated factors,namely plant C inputs, C input allocation, non-microbial C transfer, substrate decomposability, environmental modifications and vertical transport.

关键词： SOIL-CARBON ORGANIC-MATTER

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Antidiabetic Properties of Bidens pilosa and Its Polyacetylenic Compounds for Management of Diabetes: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 164-179页

作者： Kenneth Waititu caroline Mugo Daisy Nyawira Peter Mwethera Animal Sciences Department Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya Center for Biodiversity National Museums of Kenya Nairobi Kenya Department of Reproductive Health and Biology Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya

Bidens pilosa is a member of the Asteraceae family that is widely distributed across the tropics. It has been utilized by different communities both as food and medicinal herb. This plant and its polyacetylenic compounds hold potential as a natural antidiabetic intervention that can be used to combat this global public health problem. Bioactive compounds found in this plant constitute promising interventions for combating obesity which is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. These phytocompounds can work independently or synergistically to modulate appetite, lipase activity, adipogenesis and adipocyte apoptosis. However, the efficacy, mode of action and scope of management of diabetes by these compounds remains elusive. The current review aims to summarize data on efficacy in the management of diabetes, an antidiabetic candidate polyacetylenic compound and possible biological activities as an antidiabetic agent from the available literature. Much emphasis has been directed to cytopiloyne as a representative of polyacetylenic compounds extracted from Bidens pilosa and its activity on diabetic animal models. The majority of the studies conducted on animal models described antidiabetic mechanisms that range from hypoglycemic to secretagogue activity of cytopiloyne in a dose-dependent manner. A clinical trial pilot indicated improved glycemic control of Bidens pilosa formulation among diabetic patients in the study. Bidens pilosa and its compounds are highly potent antidiabetic agent(s) that should be graduated to an intervention for management of diabetes through pre-clinical and clinical trials to elucidate its efficacy and safety.

关键词： Antidiabetic Cytopiloyne Bidens pilosa Polyacetylenic Compounds

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Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Model-Based Prediction for Protein Content in Cowpea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 145-160页

作者： Kavera Biradar Waltram Ravelombola Aurora Manley caroline Ruhl Texas A&M AgriLife Research Vernon TX USA University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad India Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a multi-purpose legume with high quality protein for human consumption and livestock. The objective of this work was to develop near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction models to estimate protein content in cowpea. A total of 116 cowpea breeding lines with a wide range of protein contents (19.28 % to 32.04%) were selected to build the model using whole seed and ground seed samples. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) regression technique with different pre-treatments (derivatives, standard normal variate, and multiplicative scatter correction) were carried out to develop the protein prediction model. Results showed: 1) spectral plots of both the whole seed and ground seed showed higher spectral scatter at higher wavelengths (>1450 nm), 2) data pre-processing affects prediction accuracy for bot whole seed and ground seed samples, 3) prediction using ground seed samples (0.64 R2 0.85) is better than the whole seed (0.33 R2 0.78), and 4) the data pre-processing second derivative with standard normal variate has the best prediction (R2_whole seed = 0.78, R2_ground seed = 0.85). The results will be of interest in cowpea breeding programs aimed at improving total seed protein content.

关键词： Cowpea Germplasm Protein Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Partial Least Squares (PLS)

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Smokeless Tobacco Use among Women in Kasama District-Zambia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 129-148页

作者： Gloria Kangwa caroline Zulu Kabwe Chitundu Jamia Milanzi Lukupa College of Nursing and Midwifery Kasama Zambia Department of Public Health Nursing School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia School of Nursing and Midwifery Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia

Background: Smokeless tobacco is defined as a product that contains tobacco, is not smoked or burned at the time of use, and commonly consumed orally or nasally. These products can be placed in the mouth, cheek or the lip and are sucked or chewed. The Zambian government, in the 2019 country report, gave an estimated figure of 4.5% of females aged 15 years and above in 2017 used smokeless tobacco and by 31st December, 2018, there was an increase of smokeless tobacco users to 6.8% women of the same age group. This study aimed to explore the extent of smokeless tobacco use among women in Kasama district-Zambia. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional quantitative study design was used to collect data using the modified structured interview schedule, adopted from Medicine for Global Health. Simple random sampling method using rotary technique was used to select 430 respondents after meeting the inclusion criteria. Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained. Data was analysed using version 26.0 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Appropriate parametric or non-parametric statistical tests (Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test) were adopted in testing for associations between variables. Univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were employed in identifying smokeless tobacco use among women using an investigator-led stepwise approach, guided by various fit statistics and the likelihood ratio test. All statistical analyses adopted a 5% significance level at 95% confidence interval. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents were aged between 18 and 25 years (45.6%), (53.7%) lived in urban settlements and the majority (80%) were unemployed. The majority of respondents (83.5%) had a friend/relative who used smokeless tobacco and over half (53.5%) thought smokeless tobacco was beneficial to them. The commonly mentioned benefits of smokeless tobacco included body warmth (13.6%) and vaginal tightening (7.9%). The r

关键词： Smokeless Tobacco Use Knowledge Educational Level Cultural Belief

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Measuring Cognitive and Psychosocial Accessibility to Modern Contraception: A Comprehensive Framework

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 578-591页

作者： Lonkila Moussa Zan Clémentine Rossier caroline Moreau INSD/ISSP Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso IDESO University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Gates Institute Johns Hopkins University Baltimore United States

Nowadays, more than ever, the improvement of access to family planning (FP) has become an international goal. What constitutes access to FP? Current human rights-based contraceptive guidelines indicate that access begins as soon as women or couples express a desire to avoid pregnancy and their risk of unintended pregnancy is established. However, few studies have sought to define and measure cognitive and psychosocial access to contraception. To propose a comprehensive framework for the cognitive and psychosocial accessibility of contraception, we critically analyzed the literature on attitudes toward FP. The main dimensions that emerged were knowledge about FP, fear of side effects, approval of contraception, and contraceptive agency. We then identified and adjusted some questions that can capture these dimensions more comprehensively. As a result, we developed a questionnaire module comprising 15 questions, which was integrated into the 6th round of the PMA2020 survey in Burkina Faso in 2019. This research highlighted that previous studies have collected separate dimensions of contraceptive access, and the psychosocial dimension tended to be neglected. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to collect comprehensive data on cognitive and psychosocial dimensions of access to family planning.

关键词： Cognitive Dimensions Psychosocial Dimensions Contraception Intention To Use Side Effects

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Bat-derived oligopeptide LE6 inhibits the contact-kinin pathway and harbors anti-thromboinflammation and stroke potential

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1001-1012页

作者： Li-Na Cha Juan Yang Jin-Ai Gao Xin Lu Xiao-Long Chang Rebecca caroline Thuku Qi Liu Qiu-Min Lu Dong-Sheng Li Ren Lai Ming-Qian Fang Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan ProvinceKIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesNational Resource Center for Non-Human PrimatesNational Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution&Animal ModelsSino-African Joint Research Centerand New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China School of Molecular Medicine Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University KunmingYunnan 650032China

Thrombosis and inflammation are primary contributors to the onset and progression of ischemic *** contact-kinin pathway,initiated by plasma kallikrein(PK)and activated factor XII(FXIIa),functions bidirectionally with the coagulation and inflammation cascades,providing a novel target for therapeutic drug development in ischemic *** this study,we identified a bat-derived oligopeptide from Myotis myotis(Borkhausen,1797),designated LE6(Leu-Ser-Glu-Glu-Pro-Glu,702 Da),with considerable potential in stroke therapy due to its effects on the contact kinin ***,LE6 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on PK and FXIIa,with inhibition constants of 43.97μmol/L and 6.37μmol/L,*** vitro analyses revealed that LE6 prolonged plasma recalcification time and activated partial thromboplastin *** murine models,LE6 effectively inhibited carrageenan-induced mouse tail thrombosis,FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis,and photochemically induced intracerebral ***,LE6 significantly decreased inflammation and stroke injury in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion ***,the low toxicity,hemolytic activity,and bleeding risk of LE6,along with its synthetic simplicity,underscore its clinical *** conclusion,as an inhibitor of FXIIa and PK,LE6 offers potential therapeutic benefits in stroke treatment by mitigating inflammation and preventing thrombus formation.

关键词： PK FXIIa Anti-thromboinflammation Ischemic stroke therapies Oligopeptide

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会计师保持竞争力的六种方法

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新理财（公司理财） 2024年第5期 74-75页

作者： caroline Riches 不详

随着经济全球化的不断加深,离岸的海外会计服务给本土会计师带来了挑战。这反过来又促使本土会计师事务所重新定位,使竞争更加激烈。在最近的一次英国财务会计师公会(IFA)会员调查中,31.1%的受访者“认为国外会计资源的更广泛使用”可... 详细信息

随着经济全球化的不断加深,离岸的海外会计服务给本土会计师带来了挑战。这反过来又促使本土会计师事务所重新定位,使竞争更加激烈。在最近的一次英国财务会计师公会(IFA)会员调查中,31.1%的受访者“认为国外会计资源的更广泛使用”可能是威胁业务的一项挑战;33.1%的受访者认为“来自其他行业专业人士的竞争”是对他们的威胁。

关键词：会计师公会会计服务经济全球化本土会计师事务所会计资源竞争力行业专业人士重新定位

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培养勇敢的女孩，鼓励她去冒险（英文）

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第22期 3-5页

作者： caroline Paul

不少女孩被父母教导不要太冒险,要矜持稳重,安稳地度过一生,而男孩则被父母鼓励大胆冒险,勇敢地去挑战。其实,女孩也可以大胆尝试自己不敢做的事,勇敢面对风险与挑战!When I was a kid,I was obsessed with the Guinness Book of World ...

不少女孩被父母教导不要太冒险,要矜持稳重,安稳地度过一生,而男孩则被父母鼓励大胆冒险,勇敢地去挑战。其实,女孩也可以大胆尝试自己不敢做的事,勇敢面对风险与挑战!When I was a kid,I was obsessed with the Guinness Book of World Records,and I really wanted to set a world record *** there was just one small problem:I had absolutely no talent.

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Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Profile of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Cameroonian Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 93-102页

作者： Christelle Domngang Fabiola Makamwe Tagne Leonard Tedong Chantal Ngoune Nanfack caroline Mvilongo Giles Kagmeni Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), at 4.2%. The efficacy of medical treatment has been demonstrated and remains one of the treatments of choice for POAG. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, its effectiveness has many challenges, due to multiple factors, including cost and access to care. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutive profile of primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in two hospitals in western Cameroon. Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data on intraocular pressure at one year after medical treatment were analyzed. SPSS version 23 software was used for statistical analysis, with a significant p-value set at 5%. Results: A total of 201 patients with POAG were included in the study. The population comprised 100 men and 101 women, with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years. At diagnosis, the mean intraocular pressure was 23.9 ± 8.70 mmHg for the right eye and 25.5 ± 9.57 mmHg for the left eye. The mean cup/disc ratio was 0.64 ± 0.2 [0.2-1] and 0.67 ± 0.19 [02-1] in the right and left eyes, respectively. Monotherapy was the most prescribed treatment [59.2%]. After one year of treatment, intraocular pressure was reduced by 15.5% with beta-blockers, 23.66% with prostaglandins, 19.11% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 35, 92% with beta-blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 25.92% with beta-blockers and prostaglandins, 48.03% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin agonists, and 38.77% with triple therapy. Taking glaucoma severity into account, a significant reduction in intraocular pressure at one year was observed in all participants [p 0.05]. However, the target pressure was obtained in 47%, 20% and 14% of eyes suffering of mild, moderate, and severe grade of POAG respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, there was a significant reduction in i

关键词： Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Medical Treatment Intraocular Pressure Target Intraocular Pressure

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