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Identification and characterization of GLOBE, a major gene controlling fruit shape and impacting fruit size and marketability in tomato

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1783-1797页

作者： Edgar Sierra-Orozco Reza Shekasteband Eudald Illa-Berenguer Ashley Snouffer Esther van der Knaap Tong Geon Lee Samuel f.Hutton University of florida Gulf Coast Research and Education Center14625 County Road 672WimaumaFL 33598USA North carolina State University Department of Horticultural ScienceMountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center455 Research DriveMills RiverNC 28759USA University of Georgia Center for Applied Genetic Technologies111 Riverbend RoadAthensGA 30602USA University of Georgia Department of Horticulture1111 Plant Sciences BldgAthensGA 30602USA

Within large-fruited germplasm,fruit size is influenced by flat and globe *** flat fruits are smaller and retain better marketability,globe fruits are larger and more prone to cuticle *** hybrids are often developed from crosses between flat and globe shaped parents because flat shape is thought to be dominant and fruit size *** objectives of this study were to determine the genetic basis of flat/globe fruit shape in large-fruited fresh-market tomato germplasm and to characterize its effects on several fruit ***-three advanced single plant selections from the fla.8000×fla.8111B cross were selectively genotyped using a genome-wide SNP array,and inclusive composite interval mapping identified a single locus on the upper arm of chromosome 12 associated with shape,which we termed globe.A 238-plant f 2 population and 69 recombinant inbred lines for this region from the same parents delimited globe to approximately 392-kilobases.A germplasm survey representing materials from multiple breeding programs demonstrated that the locus explains the flat/globe shape broadly.A single base insertion in an exon of Solyc12g006860,a gene annotated as a brassinosteroid hydroxylase,segregated completely with shape in all populations ***/Cas9 knock out plants confirmed this gene as underlying the globe *** silico analysis of the mutant allele of GLOBE among 595 wild and domesticated accessions suggested that the allele arose very late in the domestication *** measurements in three genetic backgrounds evidenced that globe impacts fruit size and several fruit shape attributes,pedicel length/width,and susceptibility of fruit to weather *** mutant allele of GLOBE appears mostly recessive for all traits except fruit size where it acts additively.

关键词： breeding size shape

伴或不伴盆腔脏器脱垂的患者耻尾肌中骨骼肌重链多肽3和肌球蛋白结合蛋白H的表达

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 26-27页

作者： Hundley A.f. Visco A.G. 李奎 Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC United States Dr

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare gene expression of skeletal muscle heavy-chain polypeptide 3(MYH3) and myosin binding protein H (MyBP- H) in the pubococcygeus muscle of patients with pelvic organ prolapse and controls. Study design: Genes previously identified by microarray genechip analysis of pubococcygeus muscle biopsies were examined using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) analysis. Specimens were obtained from 17 patients with stage III or IV pelvic organ prolapse and 23 controls with minimal to no prolapse. Glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the housekeeping gene. Samples and controls were run in triplicatein separate wells, and the levels of gene expression were analyzed quantitatively using the comparative critical threshold(Ct) method. Differences in gene expression were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum testing. Results: Significant differences in gene expression were observed between patients with prolapse and controls for both genes. Skeletal muscle myosin heavy-chain polypeptide 3 was 6.5 times underexpressed in patients with pelvic organ prolapse compared to controls (P = .028). Similarly, myosin binding protein H was 3.2 times underexpressed in patients with prolapse (P = .042). Overall,patients had a mean age of 62.4 ± 6.5 years compared with controls with a mean age of 45.3 ± 7.4 years (P formed on an age-matched subset of 8 patients and controls (mean ages of 58.1 ± 5.4 years and 53.3 ± 5.0 years, respectively, P = .02) with similar *** patients in this subset were similar in parity and race to controls but had lower body mass index (23.2 vs 29.9, P = .04). MYH3 was 10.9 times underexpressed in patients with pelvic organ prolapse compared to controls (P = .027). My BPH was 10.4 times underexpressed in patients with prolapse (P = .036). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the differences between patients with

关键词：盆腔脏器脱垂肌球蛋白结合蛋白骨骼肌实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应多肽重链基因表达差异

Seasonal and Temporal Variations in Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor and Outdoor Air in Al-Jahra City, Kuwait

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第4期5卷 310-326页

作者： Nabeel M. Al-Khulaifi Humood f. Al-Mudhaf Raslan Alenezi Abdel-Sattar I. Abu-Shady Mustafa I. Selim Department of Chemical Engineering Technology College of Technological Studies Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Adailiyah Kuwait Department of Environmental Health College of Health Sciences Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Adailiyah Kuwait Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville USA

Indoor and outdoor air samples were simultaneously collected from the largest office building in Jahra City during 57 sampling events between August 2010 and November 2011. The collected samples were analyzed for 78 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using CO2 cryogenic preconcentration and GC/MS analysis. Of the 48 VOCs detected, the toluene concentration exceeded the recommended air quality guidelines in 2% of the outdoor samples, and the benzene concentration exceeded these guidelines in 17.5% and 19.5% of the indoor and outdoor samples, respectively. Industrial and vehicle emissions were negligible. Emissions from oil fields, various crude oil production and flaring activities in the north were major sources of VOCs in the ambient air. The VOC profiles;seasonal, monthly, and weekday/weekend variations;and their effects on ozone formation potentials are discussed. The results indicate that the most abundant class of chemical compounds was oxygenated compounds, of which acetone, acetaldehyde, propanal, methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol were the most dominant species. Propene and toluene were the most abundant species of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively.

关键词： BTEX Photochemical Reactivity Weekend Effect VOC Profiles Office Buildings

The role of direct laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of laryngeal cleft

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第2期3卷 92-95页

作者： Paul D. Neubauer Laura H. Swibel Rosenthal William I. Wooten III Carlton J. Zdanski Amelia f. Drake Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina Children’s Hospital Chapel Hill USA Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine Maywood USA Department of Surgery Section of Otolaryngology Yale-New Haven Hospital New Haven USA Division of Pediatric Pulmonology University of North Carolina Children’s Hospital Chapel Hill USA

Objective: To identify the presenting features of a laryngeal cleft in children. To compare rigid and flexible endoscopic methods available for identifying laryngeal cleft and determine their utility. Methods: The charts of all patients diagnosed with laryngeal cleft in a tertiary care institution between 2009 and 2010 were evaluated retrospectively for age, gender, comorbidity, presenting features, and results of bedside swallow evaluation. findings on flexible and direct laryngoscopy, both performed under general anesthesia, were compared. Results: Eleven patients had a diagnosis of laryngeal cleft, confirmed by direct laryngoscopy. Nine of eleven had signs of aspiration on modified barium swallow study (MBSS). Of the eight subjects who underwent flexible laryngoscopy by a pulmonologist, a deep interarytenoid groove was only reported in four cases. In all eleven cases, the arytenoids could be physically separated during direct laryngoscopy, allowing for definitive diagnosis of the cleft and identification of its type and severity. Conclusion: Video swallow studies and flexible laryngoscopy may raise suspicion or even diagnose a laryngeal cleft, however, a laryngeal cleft must be confirmed by direct laryngscopy in which the interarytenoid space is palpated. furthermore, a patient in whom symptoms persist but no laryngeal cleft is identified on flexible examination should have a direct laryngoscopy to rule out a cleft.

关键词： Laryngeal Cleft Laryngoscopy Aspiration Children

Tomato Plants Overexpressing a Celery Mannitol Dehydrogenase (MTD) Have Decreased Susceptibility to <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 1116-1125页

作者： Takshay K. Patel Sergei f. Krasnyanski George C. Allen frank J. Louws Dilip R. Panthee John D. Williamson Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Department of Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

The oxidative burst is a critical early event in plant-pathogen interactions that leads to a localized, programmed cell death (PCD) called the hypersensitive response (HR). The HR and associated PCD retard infection by biotrophic pathogens, but can, in fact, enhance infection by necrotrophic pathogens like Botrytis cinerea. In addition to signaling the induction of the HR, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the oxidative burst are?antimicrobial. We hypothesize that pathogens such as B. cinerea survive the antimicrobial effects of ROS, at least partially by secreting the antioxidant mannitol during infection. This is supported by the previous observation that overexpression of the catabolic enzyme mannitol dehydrogenase (MTD) can decrease a plants susceptibility to mannitol-secreting pathogens like B. cinerea. To extend the above hypothesis, and test the general utility of this approach in an important horticultural crop, we overexpressed celery MTD in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. “Moneymaker”). In these studies, we observed a significant increase (up to 90%) in resistance to B. cinerea in transgenic tomatoes expressing high amounts of MTD.

关键词： Hypersensitive Response Pathogenesis Response Plant-Pathogen Interaction Programmed Cell Death Reactive Oxygen Species

伴膀胱刺激症状的女性镜下血尿作为膀胱镜检查发现膀胱癌的预测作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 22-23页

作者： Williams K.S. Hundley A.f. 柳蕴 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chape Hill NC United States

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess microscopic hematuria as a predictive factor for detecting bladder cancer at cystoscopy in women with irritative voiding symptoms. Study design: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of women with irritative voiding symptoms who presented for urodynamic testing and cystoscopy. Irritative voiding symptoms were defined as urgency, urge incontinence, frequency, dysuria, and/or nocturia. Patient demographics, risk factors for bladder cancer,presence of microscopic hematuria, urodynamic findings,and cystoscopy and biopsy results were recorded. Results: Of 735 patients with irritative voiding symptoms, 264 (35.9% )- had microscopic hematuria and 471 (64.1% ) had no *** cancer was detected in 3 women, for an overall detectionrate of 0.4% . Microscopic hematuria, urgency, frequency,dysuria, nocturia, age, and tobacco use were not significantly associated with bladder cancer. Conclusion: In this cohort of women with irritative voiding symptoms, microscopic hematuria was not predictive for bladder cancer.

关键词：膀胱刺激症状膀胱镜检查镜下血尿预测作用膀胱癌女性急迫性尿失禁力学测试

Competing risks of death in younger and older postmenopausal breast cancer patients

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 1088-1096页

作者： Judy-Anne W Chapman Kathleen I Pritchard Paul E Goss James N Ingle Hyman B Muss Susan f Dent Ted A Vandenberg Brian findlay Karen A Gelmon Carolyn f Wilson Lois E Shepherd Michael N Pollak NCIC Clinical Trials Group Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON M4N 3M5 Canada Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Boston MA 02114 United States Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55902 United States Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of North carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC27514 United States Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1H8L6 Canada London Health Sciences Centre University of Western Ontario London ON N6G 2V4 Canada Niagara Health System McM aster University St. Catharines ON L2R 2Z4 Canada BC Cancer Agency University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada NCIC Clinical Trials Group Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Lady Davis Institute Jewish General Hospital McG ill University Montreal QC H3T 1E2 Canada

AIM: To show a new paradigm of simultaneously testing whether breast cancer therapies impact other causes of death. METHODS: MA.14 allocated 667 postmenopausal women to 5 years of tamoxifen 20 mg/daily ± 2 years of octreotide 90 mg, given by depot intramuscular injections monthly. Event-free survival was the primary endpoint of MA.14; at median 7.9 years, the tamoxifen+octreotide and tamoxifen arms had similar event-free survival(P = 0.62). Overall survival was a secondary endpoint, and the two trial arms also had similar overall survival(P = 0.86). We used the median 9.8 years follow-up to examine by intention-to-treat, the multivariate time-to-breast cancer-specific(Br Ca) and other cause(OC) mortality with log-normal survival analysis adjusted by treatment and stratification factors. We tested whether baseline factors including Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGf1), IGf binding protein-3, C-peptide, body mass index, and 25-OH vitamin D were associated with(1) all cause mortality, and if so; and(2) cause-specific mortality. We also fit step-wise forward cause-specific adjusted ***: The analyses were performed on 329 patients allocated tamoxifen and 329 allocated tamoxifen+octreotide. The median age of MA.14 patients was 60.1 years: 447(82%) f which 24 were other malignancies, 31 other causes of death; 9(5.3%) patients with unknown cause of death were excluded from competing risk assessments. BrC a and OC deaths were not significantly different by treatment arm(P = 0.40): tamoxifen patients experienced 50 BrC a and 32 OC deaths, while tamoxifen + octreotide patients experienced 56 Br Ca and 23 OC deaths. Proportionately more deaths(P = 0.004) were from BrC a for patientsf deaths were due to Br Ca, compared to 54% for those ≥ 70 years of age. The proportion of deaths from OC increased with increasing body mass index(BMI)(P = 0.02). Higher pathol

关键词： Breast cancer Postmenopausal Hormone receptor positive Competing risks Tamoxifen Octreotide LAR

胆固醇及载脂蛋白E基因启动子多态性与血管性痴呆

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中国组织工程研究与临床康复 2007年第16期11卷 3058-3060,3073页

作者：刘芳付希久吴冬史向党沈阳医学院奉天医院神经内科辽宁省沈阳市110024 南卡罗莱纳州立大学

目的:从与阿尔茨海默病密切相关的因素胆固醇增高、载脂蛋白E基因启动子入手,分析胆固醇与载脂蛋白E基因启动子多态性与血管性痴呆的关系。方法:选择2005-01/2006-11美国南卡罗莱纳州立大学医院血管性痴呆症患者96名作为实验组,非血管... 详细信息

目的:从与阿尔茨海默病密切相关的因素胆固醇增高、载脂蛋白E基因启动子入手,分析胆固醇与载脂蛋白E基因启动子多态性与血管性痴呆的关系。方法:选择2005-01/2006-11美国南卡罗莱纳州立大学医院血管性痴呆症患者96名作为实验组,非血管性痴呆症患者96名作为对照组。纳入标准和排除标准严格执行当前通用的NINDS-AIREN诊断标准。病例组与对照组患者按以下标准1∶1配对∶性别、年龄、有无高血压病病史、有无糖尿病病史均匹配一致。血浆胆固醇含量为临床病例记录。本实验从实验组及对照组患者外周血中提纯GenomicDNA,应用PCR,DNA测序方法检测载脂蛋白E基因启动子多态性表达,并且结合临床血浆胆固醇资料进行医学生物统计分析。结果:病例组与对照组共192例全部进入结果。①载脂蛋白E基因启动子491多态性位点基因型AA表达在病例组明显多于对照组(51,36例),基因型AT及TT对照组明显多于病例组,差异有显著意义(AT∶47,37例;TT∶13,8例;P<0.01),载脂蛋白E基因启动子427多态性位点分布在血管性痴呆患者与对照组之间差异无显著性意义。②病例组血浆胆固醇水平高于对照组,差异有显著意义[(6.31±0.23),(5.26±0.21)mmol/L,t=2.39,P=0.018]。结论:载脂蛋白E基因启动子491多态性位点和高血浆胆固醇水平与血管性痴呆相关。

关键词：血管性痴呆载脂蛋白E基因启动子多态性血浆胆固醇

Enhancer variants reveal a conserved transcription factor network governed by PU.1 during osteoclast differentiation

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 83-94页

作者： Heather A.Carey Blake E.Hildreth III Jennifer A.Geisler Mara C.Nickel Jennifer Cabrera Sankha Ghosh Yue Jiang Jing Yan James Lee Sandeep Makam Nicholas A.Young Giancarlo R.Valiente Wael N.Jarjour Kun Huang Thomas J.Rosol Ramiro E.Toribio Julia f.Charles Michael C.Ostrowski Sudarshana M.Sharma Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina Division of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Division of Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage-specific pathways and functions that contribute to the trait. In this study, by integrating lineage-specific enhancers from mesenchymal and myeloid compartments with bone mineral density loci, we were able to segregate osteoblast-and osteoclast(OC)-specific functions. Specifically, in OCs, a PU.1-dependent transcription factor(Tf)network was revealed. Deletion of PU.1 in OCs in mice resulted in severe osteopetrosis. functional genomic analysis indicated PU.1 and MITf orchestrated a Tf network essential for OC differentiation. Several of these Tfs were regulated by cooperative binding of PU.1 with BRD4 to form superenhancers. further, PU.1 is essential for conformational changes in the superenhancer region of Nfatc1. In summary, our study demonstrates that combining GWASs with genome-wide binding studies and model organisms could decipher lineage-specific pathways contributing to complex disease states.

关键词： Genome-wide GWASs MITf