BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis C infection(OCI)is characterized by the presence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA in the liver,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)and/or ultracentrifuged serum in the absence of detectable...
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BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis C infection(OCI)is characterized by the presence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA in the liver,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)and/or ultracentrifuged serum in the absence of detectable HCV-RNA in *** has been described in several categories of populations including hemodialysis patients,patients with a sustained virological response,immunocompromised individuals,patients with abnormal hepatic function,and apparently healthy *** To highlight the global prevalence of *** We performed a systematic and comprehensive literature search in the following 4 electronic databases PubMed,EMBASE,Global Index Medicus,and Web of Science up to 6th May 2021 to retrieve relevant studies published in the *** studies were unrestricted population categories with known RNA status in serum,PBMC,liver tissue and/or ultracentrifuged *** were extracted independently by each author and the Hoy et al tool was used to assess the quality of the included *** used the random-effect meta-analysis model to estimate the proportions of OCI and their 95%confidence intervals(95%CI).The Cochran's Q-test and the I2 test statistics were used to assess heterogeneity between *** plot and Egger test were used to examine publication bias.R software version 4.1.0 was used for all *** The electronic search resulted in 3950 *** obtained 102 prevalence data from 85 included *** pooled prevalence of seronegative OCI was estimated to be 9.61%(95%CI:6.84-12.73)with substantial heterogeneity[I^(2)=94.7%(95%CI:93.8%-95.4%),P<0.0001].Seropositive OCI prevalence was estimated to be 13.39%(95%CI:7.85-19.99)with substantial heterogeneity[I^(2)=93.0%(90.8%-94.7%)].Higher seronegative OCI prevalence was found in Southern Europe and Northern Africa,and in patients with abnormal liver function,hematological disorders,and kidney *** seropositive OCI prevalence was found in Southern Europe,Northern
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