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Southeast Asian primate communities:the effects of ecology and Pleistocene refuges on species richness

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 417-426页

作者： Heather HASSEL-FINNEGAN carola borries Qing ZHAO Phaivanh PHIAPALATH Andreas KOENIG Department of Anthropology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Biology Department Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePAUSA College of Life Science Peking UniversityBeijingChina International Union for Conservation of Nature VientianeLao PDR

We examined historical and ecological factors affecting current primate biodiversity in Southeast *** Africa,Madagascar and South America,but not Southeast Asia,primate species richness is positively associated with average rainfall and distance from the equator(latitude).We predicted that Southeast Asia’s non-conformance may be due to the effect of dispersed Pleistocene refuges(locations of constricted tropical forests during glacial maxima which today are at least 305 m in altitude).Based on 45 forested sites(13 on large islands;32 on the mainland)of at least 100 km^(2) to minimize recent human impact,we determined correlations between extant primate species richness and rainfall,latitude and supplementary ecological variables,while controlling for refuges and *** found that refuge sites had significantly higher primate species richness than non-refuges(t=-2.76,P<0.05),and distance from the nearest Pleistocene refuge was negatively correlated with species richness for non-refuge sites(r=-0.51,P<0.05).There was no difference in species richness between sites on large islands and the mainland(t=-1.4,P=0.16).The expected positive relationship between rainfall and species richness was not found(r=0.17,P=0.28).As predicted,primate species richness was negatively correlated with latitude(r=-0.39,P<0.05)and positively correlated with mean temperature(r=0.45,P<0.05).General linear models indicated that a site’s latitude(F_(1,38)=6.18,P<0.05)and Pleistocene refuge classification(F_(1,42)=5.96,P<0.05)were the best predictors of species *** ecological and historical factors contribute to present day primate species richness in Southeast Asia,making its biodiversity less of an outlier than previously believed.

关键词： allopatric speciation island latitude mainland rainfall temperature

Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango,Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martínez carola Paul Kai Husmann Jose Javier Corral-Rivas Klaus von Gadow Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of GottingenBüsgenweg 137077GottingenGermany Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N34120DurangoMexico Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatBüsgenweg 537077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological ***,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and *** study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species *** analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,***,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster ***,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site *** principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the *** generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak *** developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

关键词： Temperate multispecies forests Cluster analysis Basal area increment Generalized additive models

Multiple checkpoints keep follicular helper T cells under control to prevent autoimmunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第3期7卷 198-203页

作者： Di Yu carola G Vinuesa Department of Immunology and Inflammation Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Immunology and Genetics John Curtin School of Medical ResearchCanberraACTAustralia

Follicular helper T(Tfh)cells select mutated B cells in germinal centres,which can then differentiate into long-lived high affinity memory B cells and plasma *** cells are regulated by a unique molecular programme orchestrated by the transcriptional repressor *** transcription factor turns down expression of multiple genes,including transcriptional regulators of other T helper lineages and a vast amount of *** enables Tfh cells to express a suite of chemokine receptors,stimulatory ligands and cytokines that enable migration into B-cell follicles,and provision of effective help to B *** surprisingly,dysregulation of this powerful helper subset can lead to a range of autoantibody-mediated diseases;indeed,aberrant accumulation of Tfh cells has been linked with systemic lupus erythematosus,Sjogren’s disease and autoimmune *** we dissect multiple checkpoints that operate throughout Tfh cell development and maturation to maintain immunological tolerance while mounting robust and long-lasting antibody responses.

关键词： autoimmunity germinal centre Tfh

From natural environment to artificial system:Chang’an and its water system in the Western Han Dynasty

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第3期11卷 440-452页

作者： Ruikun Wang carola Hein College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft Technical UniversityDelftthe Netherlands

People around the world have shaped societies and urban spaces around water for *** have transformed natural water structures and patterns to serve their diverse *** ways in which historical decisions affect contemporary water systems and influence future planning of urban systems still need to be fully *** paper explores the multiple roles of water systems in Chang’an during the Western Han ***’an,one of the ancient names for the city of Xi’an,was a typical capital city of China and East Asia in early ancient *** study explores everyday practices pertaining to water as well as its role in defense,gardening,politics and *** upon three historical theories,this study presents findings that water was embedded in the design of traditional Chinese *** siting and construction of capital cities was first based on the Theory of Choosing the Center(3rd century BCE)and the Theory of Conforming to Nature(5th-3rd century BCE).However,the final maturation of this urban morphology,including the water system,was closely related to the Theory of Symbolizing and Modeling Heaven and Earth(4th-3rd century BCE),in a way that manifested the imperial power’s organization and control of space and *** close analysis of historical documents,archaeological reports and modem investigations,the paper aims to clarify,analyze and summarize the historical context and evolution,functional and structural characteristics,as well as the economic,political,cultural and military connotations of water systems in Chang’*** argues that the coordination of urban construction and the water environment was a key foundation for capital city *** proposes that people shaped urban water supply in many ways,including daily life,waterway transportation,agricultural irrigation,aquaculture promotion,military defense and fire *** water system in Chang’an also provided an important place for royalty and nobility to go f

关键词： Capital city Water system Chang’an Xianyang Wei River Kunming Lake Taiye Lake Symbolic image

Early life stress-induced neuroinflammation and neurological disorders: a novel perspective for research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1971-1972页

作者： Clarissa Catale Valeria carola Maria Teresa Viscomi Division of Experimental Neuroscience IRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health StudiesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Life Science and Public Health Section of Histology and EmbryologyUniversitàCattolica del S.CuoreRomeItaly

Childhood maltreatment(CM)has been consistently linked with numerous detrimental outcomes concerning physical and psychological ***,few studies have explored vulnerability to neurological disorders after *** life adversity,in the form of poverty,stress and abuse,has been associated with decline in cognitive function and dementia later in life(Short and Baram,2019).Robust preclinical data suggest that early life stress(ELS)may increase the risk and worsen the course of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)(Lesuis et al.,2018;Short and Baram,2019;He et al.,2020;Catale et al.,2021;Sanchez et al.,2021).

关键词： neurological disorders inflammation

Climate Change, Risk and Grain Yields in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1279-1291页

作者： Rainer Holst Xiaohua Yu carola Grün Courant Research Center 'Poverty Equity and Growth' Georg-August-University of Goettingen World Bank

Adopting Just and Pope （1978, 1979） style yield functions, this paper proposes a method to analyze the impacts of regional climate change on grain production in China. We find that changes in climate will affect grain production in North and South China differently. Specifically, it emerges that a 1℃ increase in annual average temperature could reduce national grain output by 1.45% （1.74% reduction in North China and 1.19% reduction in South China）, while an increase in total annual precipitation of around 100 mm could increase national grain output by 1.31% （3.0% increase in North China and 0.59% reduction in South China）.

关键词： grain yield climate change yield risk China

Industrial Structural Changes in Hong Kong,China under One Country,Two Systems Framework

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第3期22卷 302-318页

作者： Simon Xiaobin ZHAO carola B RAMóN-BERJANO International Center for China Development Studies & Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciencesthe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated busi- ness and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region, since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems （OCTS） in 1997. This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial struc- tural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities, The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland＇s cities as the rise of China, the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world wilt brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.

关键词： economic transformation Hong Kong industrial structural changes One Country Two Systems

Biocompatible Blends Based on Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)and Solid Organic Waste

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第10期7卷 1023-1035页

作者： Antonio Greco Francesca Ferrari Raffaella Striani carola Esposito Corcione Department of Innovation Engineering University of Salento Via per Arnesanno73100LecceItaly

This work is aimed at the development of new green composite materials through the incorporation of the solid organic waste(SOW)in a thermoplastic *** being ground,the organic waste was exposed to a sterilization process,though an autoclave cycle,in order to obtain a complete removal of the bacterial *** SOW was found to have a high amount of water,about 65-70%,which made uneconomical its further treatment to reduce the water ***,a water soluble polymer,poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)was chosen in order to produce SOW based ***,in order to reduce the viscosity of the PVA/SOW slurry,further amount of water was *** very low viscosity attained by the water suspension allowed to process the PVA/SOW blends by a pressure-free process,for the production of samples,which were afterwards subjected to physical and mechanical *** tests showed the promising properties of the developed *** particular,the relevance of porosity was *** the water amount involved a signification increase of porosity,due to a faster water evaporation during *** the other hand,compared to neat PVA,addition of SOW allowed to significantly decrease the porosity of the produced *** this,the mechanical properties of the PVA/SOW blends were shown to be lower than those of neat PVA processed analogously.

关键词： Solid organic waste PVA evaporation porosity mechanical properties

Complex hepatic outflow reconstruction in domino liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第1期13卷 98-100页

作者： Rafael S Pinheiro Quirino Lai carola Dahrenmoller Jan Lerut Starzl Unit of Abdominal Transplantation University Hospitals Saint Luc Université Catholique Louvain UCL Brussels Belgium Department of Gastroenterology So Paulo University School of Medicine So Paulo Brazil

Domino liver transplantation has been accepted as a safe procedure to further expand the organ donor pool. The most important technical challenge of the procedure resides in restoring a proper hepatic venous allograft outflow in the familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy-liver recipient. To overcome this issue, combined techniques were used to perform an innovative outflow reconstruction. A domino liver transplantation was successfully performed with reconstruction of complex venous outflow. The inferior vena cava sparing hepatectomy technique in the familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy-donor was used to cut the hepatic vein to the liver parenchyma. To overcome this issue the venous outflow tract was reconstructed using a longitudinally opened iliac vein graft from a post-mortem donor to create a new outflow tract using a diamond patch between the right and middle/left hepatic veins.

关键词： liver transplantation intraoperative anatomy hepatic vein