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Dissociation and disasters: A systematic review

World Journal of Psychiatry 2019年第6期9卷 83-98页

作者： Fatih Canan carol s north The Altshuler Center for Education&Research at Metrocare services DallasTX 75390United States Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States

BACKGROUND Dissociation,which is defined as the failure to associate consciousness,memory,identity,emotion,perception,body representation,motor control,and behavior into an integrated whole,has long been assumed to be generated by *** dissociation is a product of trauma exposure,then dissociation would be a major mental health outcome observed in studies of disaster *** some studies have examined dissociation in disasters,no systematic literature reviews have been conducted to date on the *** To systematically evaluate the literature on the association between disaster and dissociation to determine the prevalence and incidence of dissociation after exposure to disaster and further examine their *** EMBAsE,Medline,and PsychINFO were searched from inception to January 1,2019 to identify studies examining dissociative disorders or symptoms related to a disaster in adult or child disaster survivors and disaster *** of military conflicts and war,articles not in English,and those with samples of 30 or more participants were *** terms used were“disaster*”and dissociation(“dissociat*,”“multiple personality,”“fugue,”“psychogenic amnesia,”“derealization,”and“depersonalization”).Reference lists of identified articles were scrutinized to identify studies for additional *** The final number of articles in the review was 53,including 36 articles with samples of adults aged 18 and above,5 of children/adolescents under age 18,and 12 of disaster *** articles studied several types of disasters that occurred between 1989 and 2017,more than one-third(38%)from the United *** two studies had a primary aim to investigate dissociation in relation to disaster and none reported data on dissociative *** of the studies used self-report symptom scales;none used structured interviews providing full diagnostic assessment of dissociative disorders or other *** stud

关键词： Dissociation Dissociative disorders Disaster systematic review Methodology Diagnostic validity Psychopathology Normative response Posttraumatic stress Association vs causation

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Relationship of functional gastrointestinal disorders and psychiatric disorders: Implications for treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第14期13卷 2020-2027页

作者： carol s north Barry A Hong David H Alpers Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and north Texas VA Health Care system DallasTXUnited States Department of Psychiatry Washington University school of Medicine St. LouisMOUnited States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUnited States

This article revisits the links between psychopathology and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome （IBs）, discusses the rational use of antidepressants as well as non-pharmacological approaches to the management of IBs, and suggests guidelines for the treatment of IBs based on an interdisciplinary perspective from the present state of knowledge. Relevant published literature on psychiatric disorders, especially somatization disorder, in the context of [Bs, and literature providing direction for management is reviewed, and new directions are provided from findings in the literature. IBs is a heterogeneous syndrome with various potential mechanisms responsible for its clinical presentations. IBs is typically complicated with psychiatric issues, unexplained symptoms, and functional syndromes in other organ systems. Most IBs patients have multiple complaints without demonstrated cause, and that these symptoms can involve systems other than the intestine, e.g. bones and joints （fibromyalgia, temporomandibular joint syndrome）, heart （non-cardiac chest pain）, vascular （post-menopausal syndrome）, and brain （anxiety, depression）. Host IBs patients do not have psychiatric illness per se, but a range of psychoform （psychological complaints in the absence of psychiatric disorder） symptoms that accompany their somatoform （physical symptoms in the absence of medical disorder） complaints. It is not correct to label IBs patients as psychiatric patients （except those more difficult patients with true somatization disorder）. One mode of treatment is unlikely to be universally effective or to resolve most symptoms. The techniques of psychotherapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy can allow IBs patients to cope more readily with their illness. specific episodes of depressive or anxiety disorders can be managed as appropriate for those conditions. Medications designed to improve anxiety or depression are not uniformly useful for psychiatric complaints in IB

关键词： Irritiable bowel syndrome Functionadisorders Gastrointestinal disease somatization disordersomatoform Psychoform Psychotropic medicationPsychotherapy symptoms Psychiatric disorder

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Prevalence of vitreous floaters in a community sample of smartphone users

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第3期6卷 402-405页

作者： Blake F. Webb Jadon R. Webb Mary C. schroeder carol s. north Texas Tech University Health sciences Center Texas Tech University Child study Center Yale University Department of Pharmacy Practice and science University of Iowa Department of Psychiatry UT Southwestern

AIM: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors for vitreous floaters in the general population. ·METHODs: An electronic survey was administered through a smartphone app asking various demographic and health questions, including whether users experience floaters in their field of vision. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors. ·REsULTs: A total of 603 individuals completed the survey, with 76% reporting that they see floaters, and 33% reporting that floaters caused noticeable impairment in vision. Myopes were 3.5 times more likely (P =0.0004), and hyperopes 4.4 times more likely (P =0.0069) to report moderate to severe floaters compared to those with normal vision. Floater prevalence was not significantly affected by respondent age, race, gender, and eye color. ·CONCLUsION: Vitreous floaters were found to be a very common phenomenon in this non -clinical general population sample, and more likely to be impairing in myopes and hyperopes.

关键词： vitreous floaters myopia survey floaters age

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AI-Based Advanced Approaches and Dry Eye Disease Detection Based on Multi-source Evidence:Cases,Applications,Issues,and Future Directions

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 445-484页

作者： Mini Han Wang Lumin Xing Yi Pan Feng Gu Junbin Fang Xiangrong Yu Chi Pui Pang Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong carol Yim-Lui Cheung Xulin Liao Xiaoxiao Fang Jie Yang Ruoyu Zhou Xiaoshu Zhou Fengling Wang Wenjian Liu Zhuhai People’s Hospital(Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University/The First Affiliated Hospital of Faculty of Medicine Macao University of science and Technology) Zhuhai 519000China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Data science City University of MacaoMacao 999078China Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of sciences Zhuhai 519000China Perspective Technology Group Zhuhai 519000China First Affiliated Hospital of shandong First Medical University shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan 250000China shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518000China College of staten Island The City University of New YorkNY 10314USA Department of Optoelectronic Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Zhuhai Aier Eye Hospital Zhuhai 519000China College of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing Industry and Trade PolytechnicChongqing 400000China Centre for science and Technology Exchange and Cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking Countries Zhuhai 519000China school of Artificial Intelligence Hezhou UniversityHezhou 542899China

This study explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in early screening and prognosis of Dry Eye Disease(DED),aiming to enhance the accuracy of therapeutic approaches for eye-care *** the promising opportunities,challenges such as diverse diagnostic evidence,complex etiology,and interdisciplinary knowledge integration impede the interpretability,reliability,and applicability of AI-based DED detection *** research conducts a comprehensive review of datasets,diagnostic evidence,and standards,as well as advanced algorithms in AI-based DED detection over the past five *** DED diagnostic methods are categorized into three groups based on their relationship with AI techniques:(1)those with ground truth and/or comparable standards,(2)potential AI-based methods with significant advantages,and(3)supplementary methods for AI-based DED *** study proposes suggested DED detection standards,the combination of multiple diagnostic evidence,and future research directions to guide further ***,the research contributes to the advancement of ophthalmic disease detection by providing insights into knowledge foundations,advanced methods,challenges,and potential future perspectives,emphasizing the significant role of AI in both academic and practical aspects of ophthalmology.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence(AI) ophthalmology Dry Eye Disease(DED)detection multi-source evidence

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描绘今天世界的“野草”——浅议第八届横滨三年展的策展方法

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美术观察 2024年第9期 26-31页

作者：卢迎华刘鼎中间美术馆不详

本文以第八届横滨三年展为例,通过分析展览的问题意识、展览主旨的内涵、展览章节的构思、展览叙事的建构和展览语言的设计等几个方面,来呈现笔者对于展览创作的思考与实践。

关键词：第八届横滨三年展双/三年展策展展览创作展览语言

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Rocahepevirus ratti: An underrecognised cause of acute hepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1084-1090页

作者： George s Gherlan Department of Infectious Diseases “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania

Zoonoses are responsible for many of all emerging infectious diseases as well as for those already *** ratti is a rat-originated virus related to the hepatitis E virus(Paslahepevirus balayani)but highly divergent genetically from this,with a high cross-species infection potential and zoonotic *** can infect humans,leading to acute hepatitis,and is primarily transmitted through the consumption of contaminated *** ratti was first discovered in Germany in *** first human case was described in 2017 in Hong Kong in an immune-compromised *** first case of chronic infection with Rocahep-evirus ratti was described in 2023.A meta-analysis based on 38 studies published between 2000 and 2023 identified 21 cases in humans described up to this date and 489 infections in different *** awareness regarding this virus is essential,as there are probably many cases that remain undiagnosed,and the virus even has the ability to produce chronic infections in selected patients.

关键词： Hepatitis Rocahepevirus ratti Rats Zoonoses Hepeviridae Liver

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Epigenetic reduction of DNA repair in progression to gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第5期7卷 30-46页

作者： carol Bernstein Harris Bernstein Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine College of Medicine University of Arizona

Deficiencies in DNA repair due to inherited germ-line mutations in DNA repair genes cause increased risk of gastrointestinal(GI) cancer. In sporadic GI cancers, mutations in DNA repair genes are relatively rare. However, epigenetic alterations that reduce expression of DNA repair genes are frequent in sporadic GI cancers. These epigenetic reductions are also found in field defects that give rise to cancers. Reduced DNA repair likely allows excessive DNA damages to accumulate in somatic cells. Then either inaccurate translesion synthesis past the un-repaired DNA damages or error-prone DNA repair can cause mutations. Erroneous DNA repair can also cause epigenetic alterations(i.e., epimutations, transmitted through multiple replication cycles). some of these mutations and epimutations may cause progression to cancer. Thus, deficient or absent DNA repair is likely an important underlying cause of cancer. Whole genome sequencing of GI cancers show that between thousands to hundreds of thousands of mutations occur in these cancers. Epimutations that reduce DNA repair gene expression and occur early in progression to GI cancers are a likely source of this high genomic instability. Cancer cells deficient in DNA repair are more vulnerable than normal cells to inactivation by DNA damaging agents. Thus, some of the most clinically effective chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment are DNA damaging agents, and their effectiveness often depends on deficient DNA repair in cancer cells. Recently, at least 18 DNA repair proteins, each active in one of six DNA repair pathways, were found to be subject to epigenetic reduction of expression in GI cancers. Different DNA repair pathways repair different types of DNA damage. Evaluation of which DNA repair pathway(s) are deficient in particular types of GI cancer and/or particular patients may prove useful in guiding choice of therapeutic agents in cancer therapy.

关键词： Epigenetic DNA damage DNA repair DNA repair deficiency disorders Epimutation Genomicinstability Germ-line mutation MicroRNAs Precancerousconditions Gastrointestinal cancer

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New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

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Bone Research 2017年第3期5卷 161-176页

作者： Bruce W Hollis carol L Wagner Department of Pediatrics Darby Children's Research Institute Medical University of South Carolina

Pregnancy represents a dynamic period with physical and physiological changes in both the mother and her developing fetus. The dramatic 2-3 fold increase in the active hormone 1,25（OH）2D concentrations during the early weeks of pregnancy despite minimal increased calcium demands during that time of gestation and which are sustained throughout pregnancy in both the mother and fetus suggests an immunomodulatory role in preventing fetal rejection by the mother. While there have been numerous observational studies that support the premise of vitamin D＇s role in maintaining maternal and fetal well-being, until recently, there have been few randomized clinical trials with vitamin D supplementation. One has to exhibit caution, however, even with RCTs, whose results can be problematic when analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis and when there is high non-adherence to protocol （as if often the case）, thereby diluting the potential good or harm of a given treatment at higher doses. As such, a biomarker of a drug or in this case ＂vitamin＂ or pre-prohormone is better served. For these reasons, the effect of vitamin D therapies using the biomarker circulating 25（OH）D is a far better indicator of true ＂effect.＂ When pregnancy outcomes are analyzed using the biomarker 25（OH）D instead of treatment dose, there are notable differences in maternal and fetal outcomes across diverse racial/ethnic groups, with improved health in those women who attain a circulating 25（OH）D concentration of at least 100 nmol. L-1 （40 ng. mL-1）. Because ,an important issue is the timing or initiation of vitamin D treatment/supplementation, and given the potential effect of vitamin D on placental gene expression and its effects on inflammation within the placenta, it appears crucial to start vitamin D treatment before placentation （and trophoblast invasion）; however, this question remains unanswered. Additional work is needed to decipher the vitamin D requirements of pregnant women and the optimal timing of s

关键词： New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

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Vulnerability analysis of the Chinese coupled aviation and high-speed railway network

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第12期35卷 189-199页

作者： Yiqiao WANG Xianbin CAO Fangyun QIN Lu(carol)TONG school of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China school of Information Engineering Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100191China

The integrated aviation and High-speed Railway(HsR)transportation system plays a vital role for today’s inter-city transportation ***,an increasing number of unexpected disruptions(such as operation failures,natural disasters,or intentional attacks)pose a considerable threat to the normal operation of the system,especially on ground transfer,leading to the extensive research on its *** approaches mainly focus on interruptions within a single transportation mode,neglecting the role of ground transfer which serves as a coupled connection between aviation and High-speed *** paper proposes a network-based framework for evaluating the vulnerability of the Chinese Coupled Aviation and High-speed Railway(CAHsR)network from the viewpoint of ground transfer *** the end-to-end travel time and passenger flow information into consideration as an evaluation measure and analyzing from the perspective of urban agglomerations,an adaptive method is developed to identify the critical cities and further investigate their failure impacts on the geographic distribution of *** addition,the proposed model explores variations of vulnerability under different failure time *** on the empirical study,some major conclusions are highlighted as follows:(A)Only a few cities show significant impacts on the network’s vulnerability when ground transfer interruptions occurred.(B)The distribution of vulnerability is not proportional to the distance between failure city and influenced city.(C)The vulnerability is more serious in the morning and evening when the ground transfer is *** findings may provide new insights for maintenance and optimization of the CAHsR network and other real-world transportation networks.

关键词： Air transportation Complex networks Railway network Transfer Vulnerability

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Plasmodesmata: Dynamic Channels for symplastic Transport

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Acta Botanica sinica 2001年第5期43卷 441-460页

作者：马丰山 carol A.PETERsON Department of Biology University of Waterloo

Plasmodesmata (PDs) are cytoplasmic structures that link adjacent cells to form the symplast of a plant. PDs are involved extensively in a plant's life by mediating symplastic transport of a wide range of ions and molecules. Major components of a plasmodesma (PD) include a plasma membrane, a desmotubule, and a cytoplasmic annulus, all of which are readily detectable by electron microscopy. Both the plasma membrane and the desmotubule contain proteinaceous particles, thought to be involved in altering the size of the cytoplasmic annulus. Cytoskeleton elements (actin and myosin) are essential for maintaining the integrity of PDs. Together with these elements, calcium_binding proteins probably play a significant role in regulating PD function. symplastic transport occurs through the cytoplasmic annulus for the great majority of solutes, while other substances may traverse through the desmotubule internal compartment, the desmotubule shell, or the plasma membrane. The symplast is subdivided into several domains with varying molecular size exclusion limits (ranging from 10 kD). Plasmodesmata can be either primary or secondary; the former are developed during new wall formation and the latter are made in existing walls. The dynamic nature of plasmodesmata is also reflected by their changing frequencies, which, in turn, depend on the developmental and physiological status of the tissue or the entire plant. While diffusion is the major mechanism of symplastic transport, plasmodesmata are selective for certain ions and molecules. Upon viral infection, viral movement proteins interact with PD receptor proteins and, as a result of yet unknown mechanisms, the plasmodesmata are remarkably dilated to allow viral movement proteins and the bound viral genome to enter healthy cells. some proteins of plant origin are also able to traverse plasmodesmata, presumably in ways similar to viral movement proteins. some of these plant proteins are probably signal molecules con

关键词： cytoskeleton movement protein phloem plasmodesmata protein size exclusion limit symplastic transport virus

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