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The role and modulation of autophagy in experimental models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 338-348页

作者： carol Chen-Scarabelli Pratik R. Agrawal Louis Saravolatz Cadigia Abuniat Gabriele Scarabelli Anastasis Stephanou Leena Loomba Jagat Narula Tiziano M. Scarabelli Richard Knight VA ann Arbor Health Care System University of Michigan 2215 Fuller Rd Ann Arbor M148105 USA Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai Medical Center One Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1030 New York NY 10029-6574 USA St John Hospital and Medical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine 22101 Moross Rd. Detroit M148236 USA Medical and Molecular Biology Unit University College London UCL 30 Guildford St. London WC1N 1EH UK

A physiological sequence called autophagy qualitatively determines cellular viability by removing protein aggregates and damaged cyto-plasmic constituents, and contributes significantly to the degree of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. This tightly orchestrated cata-bolic cellular‘housekeeping’ process provides cells with a new source of energy to adapt to stressful conditions. This process was first described as a pro-survival mechanism, but increasing evidence suggests that it can also lead to the demise of the cell. Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiac conditions including myocardial I/R injury. However, a debate persists as to whether autophagy acts as a protec-tive mechanism or contributes to the injurious effects of I/R injury in the heart. This controversy may stem from several factors including the va-riability in the experimental models and species, and the methodology used to assess autophagy. This review provides updated knowledge on the modulation and role of autophagy in isolated cardiac cells subjected to I/R, and the growing interest towards manipulating autophagy to increase the survival of cardiac myocytes under conditions of stress-most notably being I/R injury. Perturbation of this evolutionarily conserved intracellular cleansing autophagy mechanism, by targeted modulation through, among others, mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） inhibitors, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK） modulators, calcium lowering agents, resveratrol, longevinex, sirtuin activators, the proapoptotic gene Bnip3, IP3 and lysosome inhibitors, may confer resistance to heart cells against I/R induced cell death. Thus, therapeutic ma-nipulation of autophagy in the challenged myocardium may benefit post-infarction cardiac healing and remodeling.

关键词： Autophagy Heart Ischemia-reperfusion injury Cell survival

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Distributed Simulation Platforms and Data Passing Tools for Natural Hazards Engineering: Reviews, Limitations,and Recommendations

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 617-634页

作者： Lichao Xu Szu-Yun Lin Andrew W.Hlynka Hao Lu Vineet R.Kamat carol C.Menassa Sherif El-Tawil Atul Prakash Seymour M.J.Spence Jason McCormick Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

here has been a strong need for simulation environments that are capable of modeling deep interdependencies between complex systems encountered during natural hazards,such as the interactions and coupled effects between civil infrastructure systems response,human behavior,and social policies,for improved community *** such complex components with an integrated simulation requires continuous data exchange between different simulators simulating separate models during the entire simulation *** can be implemented by means of distributed simulation platforms or data passing *** order to provide a systematic reference for simulation tool choice and facilitating the development of compatible distributed simulators for deep interdependent study in the context of natural hazards,this article focuses on generic tools suitable for integration of simulators from different fields but not the platforms that are mainly used in some specific *** this aim,the article provides a comprehensive review of the most commonly used generic distributed simulation platforms(Distributed Interactive Simulation(DIS),High Level Architecture(HLA),Test and Training Enabling Architecture(TENA),and Distributed Data Services(DDS))and data passing tools(Robot Operation System(ROS)and Lightweight Communication and Marshalling(LCM))and compares their advantages and *** specific limitations in existing platforms are identified from the perspective of natural hazard *** mitigating the identified limitations,two platform design recommendations are provided,namely message exchange wrappers and hybrid communication,to help improve data passing capabilities in existing solutions and provide some guidance for the design of a new domain-specific distributed simulation framework.

关键词： Civil infrastructure Data passing tools Distributed simulation platforms Hybrid communication Message exchange wrapper Natural hazards

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Decreased expression of Klotho in cardiac atria biopsy samples from patients at higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第8期13卷 701-711页

作者： Giovanni Corsetti Evasio Pasini Tiziano M Scarabelli Claudia Romano Pratik R Agrawal carol Chen-Scarabelli Richard Knight Louis Saravolatz Jagat Narula Mario Ferrari-Vivaldi Vincenzo Flati Deodato Assanelli Francesco S Dioguardi Department of Clinical & Experimental Sciences Division of Human Anatomy & Physiopathology University of Brescia Brescia Italy 'S.Maugeri Foundation ' IRCCS Cardiology Division Medical Centre of Lumezzane Brescia Italy Zena and Michael A Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai Medical Center New York USA Center for Heart and Vessel Preclinical Studies St. John Hospital & Medical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit USA VA ann Arbor Health Care System University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Cardiovascular Surgery 'San Rocco' Hospital Ome Brescia Italy Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L 'Aquila L 'Aquila Italy Division of Sport-Internal Medicine Department of Clinical & Experimental Sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan Milan Italy

Background Klotho proteins （α- and β） are membrane-based circulating proteins that regulate cell metabolism, as well as the lifespan modulating activity of Fibroblast Growth Factors （FGFs）. Recent data has shown that higher plasma circulating Klotho levels reduce cardio- vascular risk, suggesting Klotho has a protective role in cardiovascular diseases. However, although so far it has been identified in various organs, it is unknown whether cardiomyocytes express Klotho and FGFs, and whether high cardiovascular risk could affect cardiac expres- sion ofKlotho, FGFs and other molecules. Methods We selected 20 patients with an estimated 10-year high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and 10 age-matched control subjects with an estimated 10-year low risk undergone cardiac surgery for reasons other than coronary artery by-pass. In myocardial biopsies, we evaluated by immuno-histochemistry whether Klotho and FGFs were expressed in cardiomyo- cytes, and whether higher cardiovascular risk influenced the expression of other molecules involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxida- tive stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Results Only cardiomyocytes of patients with a higher cardiovascular risk showed lower expression of Klotho, but higher expressions of FGFs. Furthermore, higher cardiovascular risk was associated with increased expression of oxidative and endoplasmic reticular stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusions This study showed for the first time that Klotho proteins are ex- pressed in human cardiomyocytes and that cardiac expression of Klotho is down-regulated in higher cardiovascular risk patients, while expression of stress-related molecules were significantly increased.

关键词： Atherosclerotic disease Cardiomyocytes Cardiovascular risk Human heart Klotho

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工具，还是武器？

工具，还是武器？

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作者： (美)布拉德·史密斯(Brad Smith)，(美)卡罗尔·安·布朗(carol ann Browne)

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英国现任桂冠诗人卡罗尔·安·达菲诗选

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诗探索 2019年第2期 181-193页

作者：卡罗尔·安·达菲远洋曼彻斯特都会大学

关键词：卡罗尔桂冠诗人

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卡罗尔·安·达菲诗选

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诗刊 2021年第21期 64-68页

作者： [英国]卡罗尔·安·达菲颜海峰(译) 不详

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你

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大学英语 2012年第4期 1-1页

作者：张海香 carol ann Duffy

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国外营销计划要领

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出版参考 2003年第1期 33-33页

作者： carol ann Waugh 晓晚 Xcellent Marketing

出版商都知道建立一项营销计划是一家公司或一件新产品引入时获得成功的一个重要因素。但是国外的营销计划到底怎么做,他们一个综合的营销计划究竟包括哪些要素?下面是一家美国出版公司营销计划的要点。供国内同人借鉴参考。

关键词：营销计划销售计划竞争对手销售投资测试对象目标群体费用支出销售预算销售渠道销售人员

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Energy modeling and data structure framework for Sustainable Human-Building Ecosystems （SHBE）- a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第2期12卷 314-332页

作者： Suraj TALELE Caleb TRAYLOR Laura ARPAN Cali CURLEY Chien-Fei CHEN Julia DAY Richard FEIOCK Mirsad HADZIKADIC William J. TOLONE Stan INGMAN Dale YEATTS Omer T. KARAGUZEL Khee Poh LAM carol MENASSA Svetlana PEVNITSKAYA Thomas SPIEGELHALTER Wei YAN Yimin ZHU Yong X. TAO Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering University of North Texas Denton Texas 76203 USA College of Communication & Information Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA School of Public and Environmental Affairs Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis 1N 46202 USA Department of Sociology University of Tennessee Knoxville Knoxville TN 37996 USA Human Ecology Department of Construction Management Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA Reubin O'D. Askew School of Public Administration and Policy Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA College of Computing and Informatics University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA Department of Gerontology University of North Texas Denton TX 76203 USA Department of Gerontology and Department of Sociology University of North Texas Denton TX 76203 USA CMU School of Architecture Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA School of Design & Environment National University of Singapore Singapore 117566 Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Economics Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA Department of Architecture Florida Intemational University Miami FL 33199 USA College of Architecture Texas A & M University College Station TX 77843 USA Bert S. Turner Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rogue LA 70803 USA College of Engineering and Computing Nova Southeastern University Davie FL 33314 USA

This paper contributes an inclusive review of scientific studies in the field of sustainable human building ecosystems （SHBEs）. Reducing energy consumption by making buildings more energy efficient has been touted as an easily attainable approach to promoting carbon-neutral energy societies. Yet, despite significant progress in research and technology development, for new buildings, as energy codes are getting more stringent, more and more technologies, e.g., LED lighting, VRF systems, smart plugs, occupancy-based controls, are used. Nevertheless, the adoption of energy efficient measures in buildings is still limited in the larger context of the developing countries and middle income/low-income population. The objective of Sustainable Human Building Ecosystem Research Coordination Network （SHBE-RCN） is to expand synergistic investigative podium in order to subdue barriers in engineering, architectural design, social and economic perspectives that hinder wider application, adoption and subsequent performance of sustainable building solutions by recognizing the essential role of human behaviors within building-scale ecosystems. Expected long-term outcomes of SHBE-RCN are collaborative ideas for transformative technologies, designs and methods of adoption for future design, construction and operation of sustainable buildings.

关键词： sustainability building energy modeling(BEM) occupant behaviors (OB) sustainable ecosystems System for the Observation of Populous Heterogeneous Information (SOPHI)

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纤维肌痛综合征的治疗

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2005年第6期24卷 360-367页

作者： Don L．Goldenberg，MD carol Burckhardt, PhD Leslie Crofford, MD 孙晓江（译）戴魁戎（校） Department of Rheumatology Newton-Wellesley Hospital Newton Mass and Department of Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Boston Mass Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Oregon Health and Science University School of Nursing Portland Department of internal Medicine Rheumatology Division University of Michigan School of Medicine. Ann Arbor 不详

背景：目前尚未明确纤维肌痛综合征（fibromyalgia syndrome，FMS）的最佳疗法，相关的综合性循证指导原则也未见报道。目的：为FMS的最佳治疗提供最新的循证指导原则。资料来源、选择与提取：检索Cochrane Collaboration Reviews（199... 详细信息

背景：目前尚未明确纤维肌痛综合征（fibromyalgia syndrome，FMS）的最佳疗法，相关的综合性循证指导原则也未见报道。目的：为FMS的最佳治疗提供最新的循证指导原则。资料来源、选择与提取：检索Cochrane Collaboration Reviews（1993年至2004年）、MEDLINE（1966年至2004年）、CINAHL（1982年至2004年）、EMBASE（1988年至2004年）、PubMed（1966年至2004年）、Heahhstar（1975年至2000年）、Current Contents（2000年至2004年）、Web of Science（1980年至2004年）、Psychlnfo（1887年至2004年）和Sciece Citation Indexes（1996年至2004年）上有关FMS的所有人群试验（随机对照试验及其汇总分析）。由美国疼痛协会（American Pain Society，APS）挑选出13位不同领域的疼痛治疗专家组成多学科小组，负责对文献进行评审。由APS的工作人员和犹他药品信息服务机构（Utah Drug Information Service）对部分文献进行评审，作为补充。共对505篇文章进行了审核。数据综合：有关FMS的文献存在着重大缺陷，许多治疗性试验观测时间比较短，而且未经过盲法处理。目前，还没有哪种疗法被美国食品与药物管理局（US Food and Drug Administration）特批用于治疗FMS。但是，目前的证据表明，服用小剂量三环类抗抑郁药、开展心血管适应性锻炼、实施认知行为疗法、对患者进行教育都是有效的。其他几种常用疗法（如触发点注射）尚未经充分评价。结论：尽管FMS是一种复杂的慢性疾病，但现有的药物干预及非药物干预仍能取得临床疗效。依据目前的证据，我们建议逐一实施患者教育、特定药物治疗、锻炼及认知疗法，必要时四管齐下。

关键词：纤维肌痛综合征最佳治疗美国食品与药物管理局三环类抗抑郁药适应性锻炼非药物干预最佳疗法

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