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Effects of grassland management, endophytic fungi and predators on aphid abundance in two distinct regions

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 490-498页

作者： carmen Börschig Alexandra-M.Klein Jochen Krauss Agroecology Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of GöttingenGrisebachstrasse 6D-37075 GöttingenGermany Ecosystem Functions Institute of EcologyUniversity of LüneburgScharnhorstrasse 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.4D-79106 FreiburgGermany Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology University of WürzburgBiocentreAm HublandD-97074 WürzburgGermany

Aims Fungal endophytes of cool-season grass species produce alkaloids toxic to herbivores,affecting food webs in agricultural and natural *** studies about the effects of endophytes on herbi-vores are rare and show contradictory results,leading to uncertain conclusions about the nature of endophyte-grass *** asked whether the environmental contexts of local and regional scales and predation could modify the effects of endophytes on *** In a full factorial field experiment,we quantified the abundance of the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi on the potted host grass Lolium perenne,which was either infected or uninfected with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium *** were either excluded or had free access to the pots with the *** hun-dred and sixty grass pots were located in two regions on altogether 40 grassland sites,half of the sites intensively and half extensively *** tested the importance of endophyte infection,study region,management intensity of grasslands,predation and all two-way interactions on aphid *** Findings Endophyte infection reduced aphid abundance significantly in one study region *** both regions,we found that the impacts of aphidophagous predators and grassland management intensity on aphid abundance were substantially stronger and more consistent than that of endophytes on aphid *** excluding preda-tors and pots placed on extensive grasslands contained higher aphid *** impact of predators and management on aphid abundance were not modified by the *** conclude that the effect of endophytes on herbivores can be weak in field experi-ments and depends on environmental context at a regional ***,more field research efforts are necessary to detect the rela-tive importance of endophytes and the environmental context on biotic interactions in ecosystems.

关键词： bottom-up control microorganism multi-trophic interaction predator exclosure top-down control

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Characterization of human retinal vessel arborisation in normal and amblyopic eyes using multifractal analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第5期8卷 996-1002页

作者： Stefan Tǎlu Cristina Vlǎdutiu carmen A.Lupascu Discipline of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics Department of Automotive Engineering and TransportationFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of Cluj-Napoca Discipline of Ophthalmology Department of Surgical Specialties and Medical ImagingFaculty of Medicine"Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca Department of Mathematics and Informatics University of Palermo

AIMTo characterize the human retinal vessel arborisation in normal and amblyopic eyes using multifractal geometry and lacunarity *** analysis using a box counting algorithm was carried out for a set of 12 segmented and skeletonized human retinal images, corresponding to both normal (6 images) and amblyopia states of the retina (6 images).RESULTSIt was found that the microvascular geometry of the human retina network represents geometrical multifractals, characterized through subsets of regions having different scaling properties that are not evident in the fractal analysis. Multifractal analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a higher average of the generalized dimensions (Dq) for q=0, 1, 2 indicating a higher degree of the tree-dimensional complexity associated with the human retinal microvasculature network whereas images of healthy subjects show a lower value of generalized dimensions indicating normal complexity of biostructure. On the other hand, the lacunarity analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a lower average of the lacunarity parameter Λ than the corresponding values for normal images (segmented and skeletonized versions).CONCLUSIONThe multifractal and lacunarity analysis may be used as a non-invasive predictive complementary tool to distinguish amblyopic subjects from healthy subjects and hence this technique could be used for an early diagnosis of patients with amblyopia.

关键词： retina retinal vessels amblyopia strabismus multifractals lacunarity

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Influence of microwave on chromium complex composition in tanning liquor

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2020年第1期2卷 95-105页

作者： Jinwei Zhang Wuyong Chen carmen Gaidau Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China R&D National institute for Textile and Leather-Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute 031215 BucharestRomania

Since microwave irradiation could promote hydrolysis and olation of chromium tanning liquor,but the influence of microwave on chromium complex component in the liquor was still *** sulphate solution(0%basicity)and 33%basicity chromium tanning liquor were subjected microwave(MW)and water bath(WB)heating,and the samples without any warming were regarded as *** exchange chromatography(IEC)and gel filtration chromatography(GFC)were used to measure the charge composition and molecular size of chromium complexes in each ***-IR was used to characterize the structure of chromium complexes in each composition separated by ***,the chromium tanning liquor after warming was used in hide powder tanning trials to illustrate whether microwave would affect its tanning *** results show there are more high positive charge and large molecular size complexes in chromium tanning liquor after warming but the phenomena are more significant in MW samples compared with WB due to non-thermal effect of *** addition,microwave has more powerful effect on 33%basicity chromium tanning liquor hydrolysis and olation to generate larger molecular size *** FT-IR results,the combination pattern between chromium and ligands are changed after warming but there is no difference between WB and *** chromium exhaustion and thermal stability of hide powder tanned with chromium tanning liquor after microwave irradiation are both *** could conclude that both thermal and non-thermal effects of microwave promote the process together,and the nonthermal effect leads to more high positive charge and large molecular size complexes and has stronger influence on high polarity *** short,this work would provide theoretical basis for applying microwave in tanning agent modification and chrome tanning process further.

关键词： Microwave Chromium tanning liquor Chromium complex Ion exchange chromatography Gel filtration chromatography

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Field trapping of the flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） with different traps and volatile lures

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 139-149页

作者： Benjamin Ferstenau carmen Quero Josep Ma Riba Gloria Rosell Angel Guerrero Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelfing IQAC (CSIC) Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Department of AnimalBiology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Avda. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Department of Pharmacology andTherapeutic Chemistry (Associated to CSIC) Faculty of Pharmacy University of Barcelona Joan XXIII 27-31 08028 Barcelona Spain

The flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus E （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） is one of the primary pests of cork oak Quercus suber L. in the Mediterranean region causing great economic losses to the cork industry. Very little is known about its biology and behavior and, so far, no control measures have been established. We present the results of a pilot study aimed to develop an efficient trapping method for monitoring this harmful pest. In a 3-year field study, purple-colored prism traps baited with a mixture of green leaf volatiles （GLVs） from the host have been shown the most effective combination to catch C. undatus adults （solely females） compared to other trap and lure types tested. Wavelength and reflectance measurements revealed that purple traps exhibit reflectance peak values similar to those found in the abdominal and elytral cuticle of both sexes, suggesting the involvement of visual cues for mate location in this species. The data presented are the first to demonstrate captures of adults of the genus Coroebus by an attractant-based trapping method.

关键词： attractants Buprestidae Coroebus undatus green leafvolatiles monitoring Quercus suber

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Omeprazole induces gastric transmucosal permeability to the peptide bradykinin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Melissa Gabello Mary carmen Valenzano E Peter Zurbach James M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research 100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Department of Chemistry Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To investigate omeprazole-induced transepithelial gastric leak and its effects on the permeability of the peptides bradykinin and ***:Rat gastric corpus tissue was isolated and mounted in an Ussing chamber apparatus to evaluate the permeability of 3H-bradykinin,3H-oxytocin,and 14CEDTA in the presence or absence of *** chromatography was performed to identify any metabolic breakdown products of the peptides resulting from permeation through the gastric tissue,and thereby calculate the true flux of the ***:The flux rate ofintact 3H-bradykinin increased substantially after omeprazole addition (109.5%) compared to the DMSO vehicle control (14%).No corresponding change in flux ofintact 3H-oxytocin was observed under the same conditions (11.9% and 6.4% in the DMSO-and omeprazole-treated conditions,respectively).After exposure to omeprazole,the flux rate of 14C-EDTA also increased dramatically (122.3%) compared to the DMSO condition (36.3%).CONCLUSION:The omeprazole-induced gastric leak allows for transmucosal permeability to charged molecules as well as *** induced leak will allow certain peptides to permeate.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Paracellular Drug delivery Tight junction Transepithelial

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Hepatocellular transport proteins and their role in liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 157-169页

作者： carmen Stanca Diana Jung Peter J.Meier Gerd A.Kullak-Ublick Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity HospitalCH-8091 Zurich/Switzerland

MOLECULAR PHYSIOLLGY OF HEPATOCELLULAR TRANSPORT PROTEINS Basolaferal transport systems Na+-dependent bile salt uptake Uptake of bile salts into the liver was first isolated perfused rat liver[1],isolated hepatocyte... 详细信息

关键词： ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Animals Carrier Proteins Hepatocytes Humans Liver Liver Diseases Organic Anion Transporters Organic Cation Transport Proteins Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Exploring the role of anti-angiogenic therapies in prostate cancer： results from the phase 3 trial of sunitinib

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 568-569页

作者： Himisha Beltran Gurveen Kaur carmen Garcias de Espana Scott T Tagawa Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA

Prostate cancer is aleading cause of cancer death in men. Despite recent advancesin our understanding and treatment of advanced disease, no systemic therapy is curative and new therapies are needed. Targeting angiogenesis is an attractive therapeutic strategy, as angiogenic pathways are upregulated in prostate tumors similar to other malignancies due to imbalance of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors secreted by tumor,

关键词： TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR SU11248 MEN

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Local Fourier Analysis for Edge-Based Discretizations on Triangular Grids

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2015年第1期8卷 78-96页

作者： carmen Rodrigo Francisco Sanz Francisco J.Gaspar Francisco J.Lisbona Department of Applied Mathematics University of ZaragozaC/Maria de Luna 350018ZaragozaSpain BIFI University of Zaragoza C/Pedro Cerbuna 1250009ZaragozaSpain Department of Applied Mathematics University of ZaragozaC/Pedro Cerbuna 1250009ZaragozaSpain

In this paper,we present a local Fourier analysis framework for analyzing the different components within multigrid solvers for edge-based discretizations on triangular *** different stencils associated with edges of different orientation in a triangular mesh make this analysis *** resulting tool is demonstrated for the vector Laplace problem discretized by mimetic finite difference *** from the local Fourier analysis,as well as experimentally obtained results,are presented to validate the proposed analysis.

关键词： Multigrid local Fourier analysis edge-based discretizations mimetic finite differences

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The impact of hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2014年第1期8卷 33-41页

作者： carmen Chak-Lui Wong Alan Ka-Lun Kai Irene Oi-Lin Ng The State Key Laboratory for Liver Research and Department of Pathology The Universi(v of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Hypoxia stabilizes transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor （HIF）, to activate gene transcription. Expression of HIF is closely associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in HCC. HIF mediates expression of genes that are involved in every step of HCC metastasis including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion of the extracellular matrix, intravasation, extravasation, and secondary growth of the metastases. Because HIF is the central regulator of HCC metastasis, HIF inhibitors are attractive tools when used alone or as combined treatment to curb HCC metastasis. This review will summarize the current findings on the impact of hypoxia/HIF in HCC, with a particular focus on cancer metastasis.

关键词： hypoxia hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)

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Unveiling plant defense arsenal: metabolic strategies in Brassica oleracea during black rot disease

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Horticulture Research 2023年第11期10卷 120-130页

作者： carmen Vega-Álvarez Pilar Soengas Thomas Roitsch Rosaura Abilleira Pablo Velasco Marta Francisco Group of Genetics Breeding and Biochemistry of BrassicasMisión Biológica de Galicia(CSIC)ES-36143PontevedraSpain Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science CentreUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2630TaastrupDenmark

Alterations in plant metabolism play a key role in the complex plant-pathogen ***,there is still a lack of knowledge about the connection between changes in primary and specialized metabolism and the plant defense against diseases that impact ***,we aim to study the metabolic reprograming in Brassica oleracea plants upon infection by Xanthomonas campestris ***(Xcc).To accomplish this,we utilized a combination of untargeted and targeted metabolomics,through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and 1H-NMR,in two crop lines differing in resistance thatwere evaluated at two-and four-week intervals following inoculation(T1 and T2,respectively).Besides,to depict the physiological status of the plant during infection,enzymatic activities related to the carbohydrate pathway and oxidative stress were *** results revealed different temporal dynamics in the responses of the susceptible *** crops *** *** line suppresses carbohydrate metabolism contributing to limit nutrient supplies to the bacterium and prioritizes the induction of defensive compounds such as indolic glucosinolates,salicylic acid,phenylpropanoids and phytoalexins precursors at early infection *** contrast,the susceptible line invests in carbohydratemetabolism,including enzymatic activities related to the hexoses turnover,and activates defense signaling related to reactive oxygen ***,each line triggers a different metabolic strategy that will affect how the plant overcomes the disease in terms of resistance and *** work provides first insights of a fine-tuned metabolic regulation during Xcc infection in *** that will contribute to develop new strategies for plant disease management.

关键词： metabolic metabolism black

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