检索结果-南通市图书馆

Assessment of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral Baidyussen Gulmira Khassanova Maral Utebayev Satyvaldy Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Sholpan Khalbayeva Aigul Amangeldiyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva KulpashBulatova carly Schramm Peter Anderson Colin L.D.Jenkins Kathleen LSoole Yuri Shavrukov Faculty of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan College of Science and engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the field of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection(MAS),using the example of drought tolerance in barley.The accuracy of selected quantitative trait loci(QTLs),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barley genome cv.Morex.Six common strategies are described for molecular marker development,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possible applications in MAS to improve the grain yield and yield components in barley under drought stress.These strategies are based on the following five principles:(1)Molecular markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongly dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical maps;(2)plants react differently under favourable and stressful conditions or depending on their stage of development;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the relevant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the molecular marker identified must be validated for MAS for tolerance to drought stress and improved grain yield;and(5)the small number of molecular markers realized for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be explained by the complex nature of drought stress,and multiple stress-responsive genes in each barley genotype that are expressed differentially depending on many other factors.

关键词： barley candidate genes drought tolerance gene verification via expression grain yield marker-assisted selection(MAS) molecular markers quantitative trait loci(QTLs) strategy for MAS

Clinical validity and utility of genetic risk scores in prostate cancer

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 509-514页

作者： Brian T Helfand James Kearns carly Conran Jianfeng Xu Department of Surgery NorthShore University HealthSystem Program for Personalized Cancer Care Evanston IL 60201 USA.

Current issues related to prostate cancer （PCa） clinical care （e.g., over-screening, over-diagnosis, and over-treatment of nonaggressive PCa） call for risk assessment tools that can be combined with family history （FH） to stratify disease risk among men in the general population. Since 2007, genome-wide association studies （GWASs） have identified more than 100 SNPs associated with PCa susceptibility. In this review, we discuss （1） the validity of these PCa risk-associated SNPs, individually and collectively; （2） the various methods used for measuring the cumulative effect of multiple SNPs, including genetic risk score （GRS）; （3） the adequate number of SNPs needed for risk assessment; （4） reclassification of risk based on evolving numbers of SNPs used to calculate genetic risk, （5） risk assessment for men from various racial groups, and （6） the clinical utility of genetic risk assessment. In conclusion, data available to date support the clinical validity of PCa risk-associated SNPs and GRS in risk assessment among men with or without FH. PCa risk-associated SNPs are not intended for diagnostic use; rather, they should be used the same way as FH. Combining GRS and FH can significantly improve the performance of risk assessment. Improved risk assessment may have important clinical utility in targeted PCa testing. However, clinical trials are urgently needed to evaluate this clinical utility as well as the acceptance of GRS by patients and physicians.

关键词： genetic risk score prostate cancer pyramid model single nucleotide polymorphisms

THe NOSTRATIC HYPOTHeSIS: A LINK BeTWeeN CHINeSe AND INDOeUROPeAN(excerpt)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

外语教学与研究 1990年第3期22卷 23-30页

作者： e.Ner■an kelley 周流溪 The College of William and Mary in Vriginia

e.Morgan kelley的“诺斯特拉假说”一文所述的具体事情虽然多有争议,但给我们带来了语言谱系学的新信息。为便于读者了解作者所论问题的背景,我们特邀北京师范大学外语系周流溪先生撰写了一篇读后感,附于kelley文后,供有兴趣的读者参考。

关键词： THe NOSTRATIC HYPOTHeSIS A LINK BeTWeeN CHINeSe AND INDOeUROPeAN excerpt 语系语群亲属语言斯特拉语言谱系 BC 亚细亚十干

Current cancer therapies and their influence on glucose control

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第7期12卷 1010-1025页

作者： carly Yim Kerry Mansell Nassrein Hussein Terra Arnason Department of Medicine University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 0W8SaskatchewanCanada College of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 5E5SaskatchewanCanada Department of Medicine Division of EndocrinologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 0W8SaskatchewanCanada Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Medicine Division of EndocrinologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 0W8SaskatchewanCanada

This review focuses on the development of hyperglycemia arising from widely used cancer therapies spanning four drug classes.These groups of medications were selected due to their significant association with new onset hyperglycemia,or of potentially severe clinical consequences when present.These classes include glucocorticoids that are frequently used in addition to chemotherapy treatments,and the antimetabolite class of 5-fluorouracil-related drugs.Both of these classes have been in use in cancer therapy since the 1950s.Also considered are the phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-inhibitors that provide cancer response advantages by disrupting cell growth,proliferation and survival signaling pathways,and have been in clinical use as early as 2007.The final class to be reviewed are the monoclonal antibodies selected to function as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).These were first used in 2011 for advanced melanoma and are rapidly becoming widely utilized in many solid tumors.For each drug class,the literature has been reviewed to answer relevant questions about these medications related specifically to the characteristics of the hyperglycemia that develops with use.The incidence of new glucose elevations in euglycemic individuals,as well as glycemic changes in those with established diabetes has been considered,as has the expected onset of hyperglycemia from their first use.This comparison emphasizes that some classes exhibit very immediate impacts on glucose levels,whereas other classes can have lengthy delays of up to 1 year.A comparison of the spectrum of severity of hyperglycemic consequences stresses that the appearance of diabetic ketoacidosis is rare for all classes except for the ICIs.There are distinct differences in the reversibility of glucose elevations after treatment is stopped,as the mTOR inhibitors and ICI classes have persistent hyperglycemia long term.These four highlighted drug categories differ in their underlying mechanisms driving hyperglycemia,wit

关键词： Cancer therapy Hyperglycemia adverse drug effects Immune checkpoint inhibitors mTOR inhibitors 5-fluorouracil analogs Glucocorticoids Diabetes mellitus

Inhibition of PRMT5 by market drugs as a novel cancer therapeutic avenue

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 267-283页

作者： Lakshmi Prabhu Matthew Martin Lan Chen Ozlem Demir Jiamin Jin Xiumei Huang Aishat Motolani Mengyao Sun Guanglong Jiang Harikrishna Nakshatri Melissa L.Fishel Steven Sun Ahmad Safa Rommie e.Amaro Mark R.kelley Yunlong Liu Zhong-Yin Zhang Tao Lu Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Chemical Genomics Core Facility Indiana University School of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 92093USA Department of Radiation Oncology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Pediatrics Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric ResearchIndianapolisiN 46202USA Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA

Market drugs,suchas Foodand Drug Administration(FDA)or european Medicines Agency(eMA)-approved drugs for specific indications provide opportunities for repurposing for newer therapeutics.This potentially saves resources invested in clinical trials that verify drug safety and tolerance in humans prior to alternative indication approval.Protein arginine methyltransferase 5(PRMT5)overexpression has been linked to promoting the tumor phenotype in several cancers,including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),colorectal cancer(CRC),and breast cancer(BC),making PRMT5 an important target for cancer therapy.Previously,we showed that PRMT5-mediated methylation of the nuclear factor(NF)-kB,partially contributes to its constitutive activation observed in cancers.In this study,we utilized an AlphaLiSA-based high-throughput screening method adapted in our lab,and identified one FDA-approved drug,Candesartan cilexetil(Can,used in hypertension treatment)and one eMA-approved drug,Cloperastine hydrochloride(Clo,used in cough treatment)that had significant PRMT5-inhibitory activity,and their anti-tumor properties were validated using cancer phenotypic assays in vitro.Furthermore,PRMT5 selective inhibition of methyltransferase activity was confirmed by reduction of both NF-kB methylation and its subsequent activation upon drug treatment.Using in silico prediction,we identified critical residues on PRMT5 targeted by these drugs that may interfere with its enzymatic activity.Finally,Clo and Can treatment have exhibited marked reduction in tumor growth in vivo.Overall,we provide basis for pursuing repurposing Clo and Can as anti-PRMT5 cancer therapies.Our study offers potential safe and fast repurposing of previously unknown PRMT5 inhibitors into clinical practice.

关键词： Cancer Research NF-kB Pharmacology PRMT5 PRMT5 inhibitors

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Liver iron transport

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4725-4736页

作者： Ross M Graham Anita CG Chua carly e Herbison John K Olynyk Debbie Trinder School of Medicine and Pharmacology Fremantle HospitalUniversity of Western AustraliaFremantleWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Medicine and Pharmacology Fremantle HospitalUniversity of Western AustraliaFremantleWestern AustraliaAustralia Western Australian Institute for Medical ResearchNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia

肝在铁新陈代谢起一个中央作用。它是为铁的主要存储地点并且也表示涉及铁运输和铁动态平衡的规定的分子的一个复杂范围。与肝的铁运输或规定联系的越来越多的基因被识别了。这些包括转铁蛋白受体(TFR1 并且 2 ) ， ferrireductase (STe... 详细信息

肝在铁新陈代谢起一个中央作用。它是为铁的主要存储地点并且也表示涉及铁运输和铁动态平衡的规定的分子的一个复杂范围。与肝的铁运输或规定联系的越来越多的基因被识别了。这些包括转铁蛋白受体(TFR1 并且 2 ) ， ferrireductase (STeAP3 ) ，运输 ers 二价的金属 transporter-1 (DMT1 ) 和象 haemochromatosis 蛋白质， HFe 和 haemojuvelin (HJV ) 一样的 ferroportin (FPN ) ，它正在表明分子。许多也这些基因参予铁集中于肝的肽 hepcidin 的规章的小径。然而，我们开始仍然仅仅正在理解在肝之间的复杂相互作用熨运输和铁动态平衡。这评论在铁运输和铁动态平衡的规定构画出我们铁新陈代谢和他们的角色的分子的当前的知识。

关键词：肝脏铁传递铁平衡铁吸收铁释放遗传性血色素沉着

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第15期23卷 2785-2794页

作者： Charles Cock Laura K Besanko carly M Burgstad Alison Thompson Stamatiki Kritas Richard Heddle Robert JL Fraser Taher I Omari Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Flinders University of South Australia Gastroenterology Unit Women's and Children's Health Network Human Physiology School of MedicineFlinders University of South Australia

AIM To investigate the functional effects of abnormal esophagogastric(eGJ) measurements in asymptomatic healthy volunteers over eighty years of age. MeTHODS Data from 30 young controls(11 M, mean age 37 ± 11 years) and 15 aged subjects(9 M, 85 ± 4 years) were compared for novel metrics of eGJ-function: eGJcontractile integral(eGJ-CI), "total" eGJ-CI and bolus flow time(BFT). Data were acquired using a 3.2 mm, 25 pressure(1 cm spacing) and 12 impedance segment(2 cm) solid-state catheter(Unisensor and MMS SolarGI system) across the eGJ. Five swallows each of 5 m L liquid(L) and viscous(V) bolus were analyzed. Mean values were compared using Student's t test for normally distributed data or Mann Whitney U-test when non-normally distributed. A P value ered significant.ReSULTS eGJ-CI at rest was similar for older subjects compared to controls. "Total" eGJ-CI, measured during liquid swallowing, was increased in older individuals when compared to young controls(O 39 ± 7 mm Hg.cm vs C 18 ± 3 mm Hg.cm; P = 0.006). For both liquid and viscous bolus consistencies, IRP4 was increased(L: 11.9 ± 2.3 mm Hg vs 5.9 ± 1.0 mm Hg, P = 0.019 and V: 14.3 ± 2.4 mm Hg vs 7.3 ± 0.8 mm Hg; P = 0.02) and BFT was reduced(L: 1.7 ± 0.3 s vs 3.8 ± 0.2 s and V: 1.9 ± 0.3 s vs 3.8 ± 0.2 s; P er subjects, when compared to young. A matrix of bolus flow and presence above the eGJ indicated reductions in bolus flow at the eGJ occurred due to both impaired bolus transport through the esophageal body(i.e., the bolus never reached the eGJ) and increased flow resistance at the eGJ(i.e., the bolus retained just above the eGJ).CONCLUSION Bolus flow through the eGJ is reduced in asymptomatic older individuals. Both ineffective esophageal bolus transport and increased eGJ resistance contribute to impaired bolus flow.

关键词：老化食管阻抗 Manometry 压力 esophagogastric 连接

Felsenstein＇s ＂one-allele model＂ of speciation： The role of philopatry in the initial stages of host plant mediated reproductive isolation in enchenopa binotata

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 658-666页

作者： Frank W. STeARNS kelley J. TILMON Thomas K. WOOD Department of Biology Biology-Psychology Building University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Plant Science Plant Science Building South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA Department of entomology and Applied ecology 250 Townsend Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

The study of speciation genetics is primarily concerned with identifying the genetic traits that allow divergent selection to overcome the homogenizing effects of gene flow. Felsenstein reviewed this race between gene flow and selection, concluding that speciation with gene flow was unlikely under a “two-allele model” (where two traits were necessary for reproductive isolation) but that divergence could occur quite easily under a “one-allele model.” Despite this finding, much of the sympatric speciation research involving phytophagous insects has relied on a two-trait model, where insects evolve both preferences for and increased performance on novel host plants. Philopatry (a tendency to remain where one was born) is known to occur in phytophagous insects and is a single trait isolation mechanism. However, it is traditionally invoked as simply augmenting reproductive isolation. Species in theenchenopa binotatacomplex are believed to have speciated in sympatry. They exhibit host plant preferences, host specific performance advantages and strong philopatry. We experimentally shiftede. binotatato evolutionarily novel host plants. Previous research has demonstrated that the experimental population of insects possesses genetic variation in preference and performance to the novel host. The degree of philopatry at mating and egg-laying was assayed for the first four years under full choice conditions. Host plant preference and performance was assayed after eight years. Philopatry was an immediate and strong isolating mechanism, while preference for and performance on the novel host lagged. We therefore suggest that philopatry may be a more important mechanism in the early stages of a host shift than previously believed.

关键词：寄主植物基因模型生殖隔离栖地形态植食性昆虫性能优势介导

Multicenter,randomized study to optimize bowel for colon capsule endoscopy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8615-8625页

作者： David Kastenberg Wilmot C Burch Jr David P Romeo Pankaj K Kashyap David C Pound Neophytos Papageorgiou Ignacio Fernández-Urien Sainz carly e Sokach Douglas K Rex Division of Gastroenterology Thomas Jefferson University Franklin Gastroenterology PLLC Dayton Gastroenterology Inc. Pinnacle Research Group LLC Indianapolis Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Gastroenterology American Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Servicio de Digestivohospital de Navarra Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Indiana University hospital

AIM To assess the cleansing efficacy and safety of a new Colon capsule endoscopy(CCe) bowel preparation regimen.MeTHODS This was a multicenter,prospective,randomized,controlled study comparing two CCe regimens. Subjects were asymptomatic and average risk for colorectal cancer. The second generation CCe system(Pill Cam? COLON 2;Medtronic,Yoqneam,Israel) was utilized. Preparation regimens differed in the 1 st and 2 nd boosts with the Study regimen using oral sulfate solution(89 m L) with diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solution("diatrizoate solution")(boost 1 = 60 m L,boost 2 = 30 m L) and the Control regimen oral sulfate solution(89 m L) alone. The primary outcome was overall and segmental colon cleansing. Secondary outcomes included safety,polyp detection,colonic transit,CCe completion and capsule excretion ≤ 12 h. ReSULTS Both regimens had similar cleansing efficacy for the whole colon(Adequate: Study = 75.9%,Control = 77.3%;P = 0.88) and individual segments. In the Study group,CCe completion was superior(Study = 90.9%,Control = 76.9%;P = 0.048) and colonic transit was more often e Study regimen subjects experienced adverse events(Study = 19.4%,Control = 3.4%;P = 0.0061),and this difference did not appear related to diatrizoate solution. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal in nature and no serious adverse events related either to the bowel preparation regimen or the capsule were observed. There was a trend toward higher polyp detection with the Study regimen,but this did not achieve statistical significance for any size category. Mean transit time through the entire gastrointestinal tract,from ingestion to excretion,was shorter with the Study regimen while mean colonic transit times were similar for both study groups.CONCLUSION A CCe bowel preparation regimen using oral sulfate solution and diatrizoate solution as a boost agent is effective,safe,and achieved superior CCe completion.

关键词： Bowel preparation Purgative Capsule endoscopy endoscopy Capsule colonoscopy Large intestine