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Dellen-like keratopathy associated with glaucoma drainage devices

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第1期2卷 1-4页

作者： carlton robert fenzl Majid Moshirfar Adam John Gess Valliammai Muthappan Jason Goldsmith Department of Ophthalmology Jamaica Hospital Medical Center/NYMC Jamaica NY 11418 United States Moran Eye Center University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States

To report the first case of dellen-like keratopathy with superior corneal thinning associated with implantation of glaucoma drainage devices. A 70-year-old male with a history of primary open angle glaucoma and dry eye disease underwent placement of glaucoma drainage devices with antimetabolite application in both eyes. Prior to placement, minimal refractive error was noted on manifest refraction. Several years later, the patient was referred for decreased vision and corneal irregularity. Examination showed pathologic corneal curvature, superior corneal thinning, and epithelial demarcation lines immediately anterior to the glaucoma drainage devices in both eyes. The epithelium remained intact with no evidence of limbal stem cell deficiency. Manifest refraction revealed a large change in both eyes. Topography was used to confirm the presence of irregular corneal curvature anterior to the glaucoma drainage devices. Dellen-like keratopathy with superior thinning is a rare sequela after implantation of a glaucoma drainage device that must be considered in elderly patients who undergo glaucoma surgery. It is likely related to a combination of tear film alteration related to previously large anterior blebs, antimetabolite application, and aqueous humor flow patterns around the drainage devices. Treatment should focus on lubrication.

关键词： Dellen-like keratopathy Delle Glaucoma drainage device Corneal thinning

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The influence of hydrogel soil amendment on the survival and growth of newly transplanted Pinus patula seedlings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 103-109页

作者： Ada Mudhanganyi Hilton G.T.Ndagurwa carlton Maravanyika robert Mwase Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management Faculty of Applied Science National University of Science and Technology Forest Ecology Laboratory Faculty of Applied ScienceNational University of Science and Technology Stapleford Forest Allied Timbers Limited

Hydrogel amendments have been used to improve seedling survival and establishment particularly in dry environments. However, their effect on survival and growth of newly transplanted seedlings under varying water stress conditions is poorly known. In this regard, we examined the effects of Aqua Matrix Forestry~？, a potassium-based water-absorbent polymer, on the survival and early growth of Pinus patula seedlings planted in early-,mid-and late-dry season in the eastern highlands of Zimbabwe. The late-dry season was hotter and received more rainfall than the early-and mid-dry season. Hydrogel increased seedling survival by 34 and 22% in the mid-and late-dry season, respectively. Also, hydrogel-treated seedlings were significantly taller than untreated seedlings（P ／ 0.001）. The height to root collar diameter ratio of hydrogel-treated seedlings was greater than that of untreated seedlings only in the mid-dry season. In conclusion, increase in survival and early growth of hydrogel-treated seedlings suggests that hydrogels can be used to extend planting beyond the rainy season to include the dry months, a feat previously unattainable due to high seedling mortality. Further, these findings reflect similar findings with other hydrogels, suggesting that improved seedling survival and plant performance may be a general consequence of hydrogel amendments.

关键词： Hydrogel Pinus patula Reforestation Seedling Survival

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Chest radiograph usefulness in the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第1期2卷 54-58页

作者： Nancy Welch Chat Dang carlton Allen robert Cook Department of Emergency Medicine King-Drew Medical Center Los AngeksCaliforniaUSA Department of Radiology King-Drew Medical Center Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of chest radiographs in patients presenting to a busy inner-city Emergency Department with subsequently proven acute aortic dissection. Methods A retrospective review of initial chest radiographs and charts of patients with the confirmed diagnosis of acute aortic dissection was done for a period of 5 years from 1998 to 2003. A comparison was made between the initial readings of chest radiographs prior to confirmation of the aortic dissection, and a retrospective review of the same radiographs by two board-certified radiologists with special attention to the classic findings of acute aortic dissection identifiable on plain films. Results The charts of nine patients (four men, five women) with proven acute aortic dissection were reviewed. All nine patients were suspected of having acute aortic dissection based on presenting history and symptoms of chest pain (66% ), migratory pain (89% ), back pain (89% ), and the abruptness of onset of pain (89% ). Initial plain portable chest X-rays were obtained in the Emergency Department in all nine patients. Six of nine (67%) radiographs were read as normal, while three (33%) demonstrated a widened mediastinum (＞ 8.0cm), two (22%) showed an abnormal aortic contour, with one ( 11% ) displaying an apical cap. Confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained with either a spiral CT angiogram or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). All nine plain radiographs were retrospectively reviewed by two board-certified radiologists aware of the diagnosis of acute dissection without a change in the readings. Conclusions Plain portable chest radiographs are of limited usefulness for the screening of acute aortic dissection. Further radiologic evaluation should be dictated by the clinical presentation and an awareness of the low sensitivity of portable chest X- rays.

关键词： chest radiograph aortic dissection, diagnosis

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西昌邛海血吸虫病流行区沼气建设及使用情况

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中国血吸虫病防治杂志 2008年第3期20卷 230-230,232页

作者：陈琳 Edmund Seto Justin Remais 张奕赵联国 Elizabeth carlton 钟波 robert C. Spear 四川省疾病预防控制中心成都610041 School of Public Health University of CaliforniaBerkeley 四川省凉山彝族自治州西昌市血吸虫病防治站

目的了解西昌邛海周边血吸虫病重流行区沼气建设使用情况及农户接受程度。方法用问卷调查方式随机抽查10个自然村的254户,了解有关沼气修建、使用、农户接受程度等情况;访谈43名居民,了解其对沼气建设的态度。结果已建沼气户仅占20.5%,... 详细信息

目的了解西昌邛海周边血吸虫病重流行区沼气建设使用情况及农户接受程度。方法用问卷调查方式随机抽查10个自然村的254户,了解有关沼气修建、使用、农户接受程度等情况;访谈43名居民,了解其对沼气建设的态度。结果已建沼气户仅占20.5%,建沼气户与未建户的年经济收入差异无统计学意义(t=0.354,P>0.05);96.2%建沼气户表示满意;农户对政府补助有较严重的依赖性。结论尽管农户对沼气建设有良好的认同,但沼气池的推广还需进一步加强,农户对沼气修建与寄生虫病流行关系的认识以及使用沼气的习惯,尚待进一步提高和改善。

关键词：血吸虫病沼气建设健康教育

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Identification of new genetic risk factors for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 49-55页

作者： Michelle Guy Zsofia Kote-Jarai Graham G. Giles Ali Amin Al Olama Sarah K. Jugurnauth Shani Mulholland Daniel A. Leongamomlert Stephen M. Edwards Jonathan Morrison Helen I. Field Melissa C. Southey Gianluca Severi Jenny L. Donovan Freddie C. Hamdy David R Dearnaley Kenneth R. Muir Charmaine Smith Melisa Bagnato Audrey T. Ardern-Jones Amanda L. Hall Lynne T. O＇Brien Beatrice N. Gehr-Swain Rosemary A. Wilkinson Angela Cox Sarah Lewis Paul M. Brown Sameer G. Jhavar Malgorzata Tymrakiewicz Artitaya Lophatananon Sarah L. Bryant The UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators British Association of Urological Surgeons＇ Section of Oncology and The UK ProtecT Study Collaborators Alan Horwich robert A. Huddart Vincent S. Khoo Christopher C. Parker Christopher J. Woodhouse Alan Thompson Tim Christmas Chris Ogden Cyril Fisher Charles Jameson Colin S. Cooper Dallas R. English John L. Hopper David E. Neal Douglas E Easton Rosalind A. Eeles Section of Cancer Genetics The Institute of Cancer Research Sutton Surrey SM2 5NG UK Cancer Epidemiology Centre The Cancer Council Victoria Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Centre for Molecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory Department of Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Department of Social Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 2PR UK Academic Urology Unit University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2JF UK The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Sutton Surrey SM2 5PT and London SW3 6JJ UK University of Nottingham Medical School Queens Medical Centre Nottingham NG7 2UH UK Institute for Cancer Studies University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2RX UK Surgical Oncology （Uro-Oncology S4） Departments of Oncology and Surgery University of Cambridge Addenbrooke＇s Hospital Cambridge CB2 2QQ UK A full list of authors is provided in the Supplementary Note online Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK.

There is evidence that a substantial part of genetic predisposition to prostate cancer （PCa） may be due to lower penetrance genes which are found by genome-wide association studies. We have recently conducted such a study and seven new regions of the genome linked to PCa risk have been identified. Three of these loci contain candidate susceptibility genes： MSMB, LMTK2 and KLK2/3. The MSMB and KLK2/3 genes may be useful for PCa screening, and the LMTK2 gene might provide a potential therapeutic target. Together with results from other groups, there are now 23 germline genetic variants which have been reported. These results have the potential to be developed into a genetic test. However, we consider that marketing of tests to the public is premature, as PCa risk can not be evaluated fully at this stage and the appropriate screening protocols need to be developed. Follow-up validation studies, as well as studies to explore the psychological implications of genetic profile testing, will be vital prior to roll out into healthcare.

关键词： prostate cancer genetics susceptibility loci SNPs relative risks

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