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Determination of mRNA Expression of Typical Proteins of Tight Junctions in the Intestinal Mucosa of Broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus)

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 212-225页

作者： Elizabeth Aguirre garcía carlos Ignacio Soto Zárate Francisco Rodolfo González Díaz José Luis Nieto Bordes Germán Isauro Garrido Fariña carlos gerardo garcía tovar Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuautitlán Izcalli México Laboratorio de Apoyo a Histología y Biología. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuautitlán Izcalli México

Tight junctions are mainly formed by two types of proteins;claudins and occludin, both of which are fundamental to maintain the integrity and barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. This barrier function allows for the absorption of nutrients, mainly by transcytosis;however, in birds, 90% of the substances are absorbed by paracellular mechanisms. Despite this, claudins present in the different parts of the intestinal tract of adult chickens are not known, much less their functional role. This study aimed to determine the presence of mRNA of claudins 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 16 and occludin, in the different regions of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and rectum) in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) through RT-PCR. To meet this goal, 7 weeks old roosters destined for slaughter and chicken embryos of 16 days of incubation (positive control) were used. For all the processed samples, amplicons of the expected size were obtained;claudin 1 (662 pb), claudin 2 (162 pb), claudin 3 (185 pb), claudin 5 (224 pb), claudin 10 (687 pb), claudin 12 (738 pb), claudin 16 (191 pb) and occludin (430 pb). To corroborate these findings, obtained amplicons were sequenced and, subsequently, a basic alignment was performed on the NCBI, obtaining a correlation of 100% with the original sequences in all analyzed samples. To our knowledge, the present work represents the first written report regarding the presence of mRNA of the main proteins involved in tight junction formation throughout the intestinal tract of domestic chickens of 7 weeks of age. These findings will allow elucidating the specific function of each of the reported proteins in the process of paracellular absorption in chickens.

关键词： Chicken mRNA Claudins Ocludin Tight Junctions and RT-PCR

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Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Propolis from Native Bees (Plebeia frontalis) against Canine Distemper Virus

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第12期10卷 207-218页

作者： Olga Valeria Domínguez Jiménez Betsabé Rodríguez Pérez Tonatiuh Alejandro Cruz Sánchez carlos gerardo garcía tovar José Luis Nieto Bordes carlos Ignacio Soto Zárate Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcalli México Laboratorio 6 de Bioprospección Microbiológica Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcalli México

Propolis is a natural substance made from resins collected from trees and plants, and which bees combine with pollen, wax, and their own enzymes. It has a complex chemical composition that varies with the harvest season, vegetation type, bee species, and geographical region. Thanks to its components, it has valuable biological properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activity. For this study, a sample of propolis harvested in April 2019 was used, which came from a bee native to Mexico (Plebeia frontalis) in whose geographical environment there are seven other native species. Canine distemper virus is an RNA virus that causes a systemic infection with high fatality rates in guests without protective immunity. In this work, the antiviral effect of Plebeia frontalis propolis on canine distemper virus was tested, administering it one hour before and simultaneously to infection. The antiviral effect was evaluated by determining cellular viability with the MTT assay. The results obtained show that this propolis has a statistically significant antiviral effect on both treatments, although it is slightly better when applied one hour before viral infection, so we can recommend it as an antiviral treatment in both domestic animals and human beings. There are currently few studies of the antiviral effect of propolis, this being the first study of a melliponium propolis in veterinary medicine.

关键词： Propolis Vero Cells Antiviral Effect Meliponines

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Evaluation of Changes in Actin Filaments of RK13 Cells Infected with Malassezia pachydermatis

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第2期8卷 15-24页

作者： Iris del Socorro Flores Rodríguez Tonatiuh Alejandro Cruz Sánchez José Luis Nieto Bordes Francisco Rodolfo González Díaz carlos Ignacio Soto Zárate carlos gerardo garcía tovar Laboratorio 6 de Bioprospección Microbiológica Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcallí México Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcallí México

Background: Malassezia pachydermatis is the main causative agent of canine otitis and also of a myriad of dermatological problems in companion animals;its interaction mechanisms with host cells are still unclear. Objectives: To establish an in vitro infection model of M. pachydermatis-exposed RK13 cells in order to evaluate cell morphological changes as well as changes in the structure of actin filaments. Methods: Cultures of RK13 cells were infected with M. pachydermatis, alterations caused by the yeast were evaluated by optical and fluorescence microscopy. Results: M. pachydermatis adheres itself to the cell and produces the formation of multiple agglomerates that cause changes in cell morphology, formation of cell aggregates in overlays, presence of syncytia and destruction of cell culture structure. The damaged cells presented changes in the actin filaments consisting of thickening of the cell cortex and loss of stress fibers. On the other hand, the formation of perinuclear actin rings in the yeasts was observed. Conclusions: An in vitro infection model was established with M. pachydermatis and alterations in cell morphology were observed consisting of changes in the structure of the actin filaments, overgrowth of the cells and the presence of syncytia.

关键词： Malassezia pachydermatis RK13 Cells Actin Filaments

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Marine turtle hatchlings use multiple sensory cues to orient their crawling towards the sea:biological and conservation policy implications

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第2期2卷 47-51页

作者： Alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Esperanza Melendez Herrera Veronica Camarena-Ramirez gerardo Ochoa-tovar Julieta Mendoza-Torreblanca Armida Baez-Saldana Raquel Martinez-Mendez Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi Maria Luisa garcia Zepeda Laboratorio de Ecofisiologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Biologia de Sistemas Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo Instituto de GeofisicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleontologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Neuromorfometría Instituto Nacional de PediatríaMéxico D.F.04530

The ability of sea turtle hatchlings to find the seashore soon after hatching is thought to be exclusively dependent upon visual information. Target-oriented movements in most vertebrates, however, relay on combining information gathered through different sensory systems. Hence, in this work, we investigated whether olfactory and/or magnetic information might complement visual cues during hatchling’s seaward crawling. Acute olfactory deprivation and distorted magnetic sensation in visually competent hatchlings resulted in a scattering of seaward crawling routes among cardinal points, some of them being different from those strongly preferred by control hatchlings. In addition, blindfolded hatchlings also displayed a striking misrouting while crawling on the beach surface in spite of having intact olfactory and magnetic senses. Together these results support the notion that visual information is crucial for seaward crawling, but also that olfactory and magnetic information complement visual cues when turtle hatchlings display this behavior. Hence, the present observations suggest that multisensory cues are used by turtle hatchlings while crawling towards the sea. This work also has important implications on the design of species conservation measures and policies. In the near future, efforts must be made to identify and preserve the local natural sources of odors and magnetic cues, in addition to preventing the perturbing effects of artificial lighting on adult and hatchling turtle crawling behavior.

关键词： Olfaction Magnetoreception Vision Chelonia aggasizi Seaward orientation Reptiles Intermodal interactions Multisensory integration

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