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Analysis on the Impact of Cattle Fattening Technology on Farmer Households in Atabae Timor-Leste

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 399-407页

作者： Marcolino Estevão Fernandes E. brito Vicente de Paulo Correia carlos da Conceicão de Deus Mateus de Jesus Gomes Agro-Socio Economic Faculty of Agriculture National University of Timor Lorosa&#8217e Dili Timor-Leste

Agriculture is one of the priority sectors in Timor-Leste. Introducing new agriculture technology is crucial to enhance agricultural production. Practicing cattle fattening can increase beef cattle body weight and generate income to the beef cattle farmers. As farmers face problems including agricultural production decline, lack of forages and information and weather unfavourable. The study’s purpose was to examine the impact of adoption of cattle fattening technology on farmer households in Atabae administrative post, Bobonaro municipality in Timor-Leste. There were 200 beef cattle farmers households where randomly selected in four villages in Atabae. It consisted of 65 farmers practicing cattle fattening and 135 farmers non-practicing cattle fattening. Face to face interviews used structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis such as t-test and descriptive analysis were used to examine impact adoption of cattle fattening technology by farmers and factor constraints of cattle production and the solutions of it. The results indicated the average value of cattle and profit were significant different from zero and it is associated with practicing of cattle fattening. The average of labour used on cattle activities, the average of cattle sold, and total cost spent on cattle were not significant different from zero. The percentage of farmers said that factors constraints cattle production were shortage of water and forage (53%) and spend time on culture ceremony and lack of capital (33%). The number of farmers said that they collected water from river, feed cattle with sago and forage (55.3%) and cultivated forage (23.4%). This finding contributes information to the farmers, traders, and Timorese government to continue implementing cattle fattening activities as it enhances farmers’ income and developing cattle production.

关键词： Cattle Production Adoption of Cattle Fattening Technology and Cattle Farmer Households

MULTIGRID METHOD FOR A MODIFIED CURVATURE DRIVEN DIFFUSION MODEL FOR IMAGE INPAINTING

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2008年第6期26卷 856-875页

作者： carlos brito-Loeza Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Liverpool

Digital inpainting is a fundamental problem in image processing and many variational models for this problem have appeared recently in the literature. Among them are the very successfully Total Variation （TV） model [11] designed for local inpainting and its improved version for large scale inpainting： the Curvature-Driven Diffusion （CDD） model [10]. For the above two models, their associated Euler Lagrange equations are highly nonlinear partial differential equations. For the TV model there exists a relatively fast and easy to implement fixed point method, so adapting the multigrid method of [24] to here is immediate. For the CDD model however, so far only the well known but usually very slow explicit time marching method has been reported and we explain why the implementation of a fixed point method for the CDD model is not straightforward. Consequently the multigrid method as in [Savage and Chen, Int. J. Comput. Math., 82 （2005）, pp. 1001-1015] will not work here. This fact represents a strong limitation to the range of applications of this model since usually fast solutions are expected. In this paper, we introduce a modification designed to enable a fixed point method to work and to preserve the features of the original CDD model. As a result, a fast and efficient multigrid method is developed for the modified model. Numerical experiments are presented to show the very good performance of the fast algorithm.

关键词： Image inpainting Variational models Regularization Multilevel methods.

Clinical/Behavioral Monitoring of Rodents and Rabbits Undergoing Scientific Experiments

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第5期14卷 91-109页

作者： Luiz Cesar Cavalcanti Pereira Jhônata Willy Rocha Coelho Hyago da Silva Medeiros Elidio Rita de Cássia dos Passos Ferraz Da Silva João Gabriel Regis Sobral Bárbara Alves de brito Soledade Leandro Thomaz Vilela Isabele Barbieri Dos Santos Institute of Science and Technology in Biomodels (ICTB) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory Animal Facility of the carlos Chagas Pavilion of the Animal Experimentation Center (CEA) Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Background: We currently have international and national guidelines regarding the assessment and monitoring of clinical signs and humane endpoints in animals used in teaching and research, which make the performance of these activities mandatory for any experiment and professional working in this area. Assigning the severity of a research experiment is the result of an analysis of records of observations of the animal’s behavior, and clinical signs. The aim of this study was to describe the importance of carrying out a severity assessment associated with clinical and behavioral monitoring of rodents and rabbits during experimentation to maintain the welfare of these animals undergoing scientific research. Methods: The literature search was carried out using the following terms: “Monitoring”;“Humane endpoints”;“Animal welfare”, “Rodents”;“Rabbits”, and as connectors “and”;“or”, in the following databases: PubMed;LILACS/BIREME and SciELO. Results: A total of 987 articles were identified in the databases, and 20 of these studies were included in this review. Conclusions: Humane endpoint protocols and procedure severity tables are of the utmost importance, both from an ethical point and to refine the results of research conducted on laboratory animals. They should be drawn up jointly by the teams responsible for the project and the maintenance of the animals during the research period, and the data obtained should be published so that the scientific community can have access to it, helping to disseminate these practices, as well as helping to draw up new procedures. Monitoring and evaluating the welfare and clinical condition of animals undergoing scientific research procedures is the responsibility of the professors, researchers, veterinarians, and animal facility coordinators. The Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals must monitor all the activities conducted with the animals, by inspecting the experimental procedures and the physical environment of the laboratory an

关键词： Monitoring Humane Endpoints Animal Welfare Experimental Design Laboratory Animals’ Investigations

Shade coffee plantations maintain woody plant diversity and structure in a cloud forest landscape of southern Mexico

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 637-648页

作者： Edson AAlvarez-Alvarez R.carlos Almazán-Nunez Fernando González-García Marlene brito-Millán Alfredo Méndez-Bahena Sergio García-Ibáñez Maestría en Recursos Naturales y Ecología Facultad de Ecología MarinaUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero39390 AcapulcoGuerreroMexico Laboratorio Integral de Fauna Silvestre Facultad de Ciencias Químico-BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero39090 Chilpancingo de los BravoGuerreroMexico Red Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados Instituto de EcologíaA.C.CP 91073 XalapaVeracruzMexico University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States(UC MEXUS) Cuerpo Académico Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental SustentableFacultad de Ciencias Químico-BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero39090 Chilpancingo de los BravoGuerreroMexico Laboratorio de Biología de la Conservación Facultad de Ciencias Químico-BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero39090 Chilpancingo de los BravoGuerreroMexico Laboratorio de Ecología Cuantitativa Facultad de Ecología MarinaUniversidad Autónoma de Guerrero39390 AcapulcoGuerreroMexico

Cloud forest ecosystems of the Latin American tropics are highly threatened by changes in land-use such as expanding croplands and livestock pastures that promote shifts in the structure and composition of plant communities in these ***,shade coffee plantations represent a forest management alternative that has been shown to maintain biodiversity in these *** this study,we evaluated changes in the composition,diversity,and structure of Mexican cloud-forest woody species for three land use categories:cattle pastures,shade coffee plantations and advanced succession *** each category,fifteen 0.28-ha plots were established and the composition and diversity of vegetation was *** of species was analyzed using ordination methods,and alpha diversity was compared using Hill ***-seven woody species belonging to 40 families were *** richness and diversity was high in both the advanced successional forest and coffee plantations compared to cattle *** composition and structure was similar between late succession forests and coffee plantations with both land uses also being more structurally complex than cattle *** results show how shade coffee cultivation is a land-use activity that maintains woody plant communities in a manner that aligns with biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Land uses Late succession Plant diversity Shade coffee Vegetation structure

Light-induced halide segregation in perovskites with wrinkled morphology

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 83-88,I0003页

作者： Eduardo G.Machado Paulo E.Marchezi Eralci M.Therézio Josécarlos Germino Rodrigo Szostak Caique Sde brito Yara G.Gobato Ernesto C.Pereira Michael F.Toney Raphael Nagao Ana Flávia Nogueira Institute of Chemistry University of CampinasCampinas 13083-970 SPBrazil Center for Innovation on New Energies University of CampinasCampinas 13083-970SPBrazil Institute of Physics Federal University of Mato GrossoCuiaba 78060-900MTBrazil Department of Physics Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos 13565-905SPBrazil Department of Physics and i3N–Institute for Nanostructures Nanomodulation and NanofabricationUniversity of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal Department of Chemistry Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos 13565-905SPBrazil Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute(RASEI) University of Colorado BoulderBoulder CO 80309ColoradoUnited States of America

In this work, it is proposed that, upon light incidence, a halide segregation event takes place, where iodine anions move towards the hills of a wrinkled mixed-halide perovskite.

关键词： halide perovskite iodine

A Mean Curvature Regularized Based Model for Demodulating Phase Maps from Fringe Patterns

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Communications in Computational Physics 2018年第6期24卷 27-43页

作者： carlos brito-Loeza Ricardo Legarda-Saenz Arturo Espinosa-Romero Anabel Martin-Gonzalez CLIR at Facultad de Matematicas Universidad Autonoma de YucatanMexico

We introduce a variationalmethod for demodulating phasemaps fromfringe *** newmethod is based on themean curvature of the level sets of the phase surface that is used for *** performance of the method is illustrated w... 详细信息

关键词： Fringe analysis interferometry high-order regularization variational models

High-throughput phenotyping of two plant-size traits of Eucalyptus species using neural networks

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 591-599页

作者： Marcus Vinicius Vieira Borges Janielle de Oliveira Garcia Tays Silva Batista Alexsandra Nogueira Martins Silva Fabio Henrique Rojo Baio carlos Antônio da Silva Junior Gileno brito de Azevedo Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro Paulo Eduardo Teodoro Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul(UFMS) Chapadão Do SulMato Grosso Do Sul 79560000Brazil Department of Geography State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)SinopMato Grosso 78555000Brazil

In forest modeling to estimate the volume of wood,artificial intelligence has been shown to be quite effi-cient,especially using artificial neural networks(ANNs).Here we tested whether diameter at breast height(DBH)and the total plant height(Ht)of eucalyptus can be pre-dicted at the stand level using spectral bands measured by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multispectral sensor and vegetation *** do so,using the data obtained by the UAV as input variables,we tested different configurations(number of hidden layers and number of neurons in each layer)of ANNs for predicting DBH and Ht at stand level for different Eucalyptus *** experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates,with 20 trees in each experimental *** treatments comprised five Eucalyptus species(***,***,***,***-dis,and ***)and Corymbria *** and Ht for each plot at the stand level were measured seven times in separate overflights by the UAV,so that the multispectral sensor could obtain spectral bands to calculate vegetation indices(VIs).ANNs were then constructed using spectral bands and VIs as input layers,in addition to the categorical variable (species), to predict DBH and Ht at the stand level simultaneously. This report represents one of the first appli-cations of high-throughput phenotyping for plant size traits in Eucalyptus species. In general, ANNs containing three hidden layers gave better statistical performance (higher esti-mated r, lower estimated root mean squared error-RMSE) due to their greater capacity for self-learning. Among these ANNs, the best contained eight neurons in the first layer, seven in the second, and five in the third (8 − 7 − 5). The results reported here reveal the potential of using the gener-ated models to perform accurate forest inventories based on spectral bands and VIs obtained with a UAV multispectral sensor and ANNs, reducing labor and time.

关键词： Computational intelligence Diameter at breast height Forest inventory Remote sensing Vegetation indices

Mechanisms and consequences of COVID-19 associated liver injury: What can we affirm?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第8期12卷 413-422页

作者： carlos Antunes brito Fabio Marinho Barros Edmundo Pessoa Lopes Department of Internal Medicine Center of Medical Sciences of Federal University of PernambucoRecifePernambuco 50740600Brazil Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Pernambuco RecifePernambuco 50740900Brazil Post-graduation Program of Tropical Medicine of Federal University of Pernambuco RecifePernambuco 50670901Brazil Autoimmune Research Institute RecifePernambuco 52011010Brazil Português Hospital of Pernambuco RecifePernambuco 52010075Brazil

Since the first reports of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases in December 2019 in China,numerous papers have been published describing a high frequency of liver injury associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection,many of them proposing a link between these findings and patient *** in serum aminotransferase levels(ranging from 16%to 62%)and bilirubin levels(ranging from 5%to 21%)have been reported and seem to be more often observed in patients with severe forms of *** absolute changes in these parameters are frequently seen,other variables,such as the ratio above the upper limit of normal,the onset of liver injury as a complication in severe cases and histopathological findings,reinforce that liver changes are of dubious clinical relevance in the course of this *** factors must also be considered in these analyses,such as the repercussions of hemodynamic changes,the presence of thrombotic events,and,mainly,the possible drug-induced liver injury with the current,yet off-label,*** paper aimed to analyze the currently available data on liver injury in patients with COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver injury Liver enzymes Drug induced liver injury Pandemic

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 88-113,I0003页

作者： Magno B.Costa Moisés A.de Araújo Marcos V.de Lima Tinoco Juliana F.de brito Lucia H.Mascaro Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de São CarlosRodovia Washington Luizkm 235São CarlosSão Paulo 13565-905Brazil Instituto de Química de São carlos Universidade de São PauloAvenida Trabalhador Sancarlense400São CarlosSão Paulo 13566-590Brazil Instituto de Química Universidade Estadual PaulistaRua Professor Francisco Degnis/nAraraquaraSão Paulo 14800-900Brazil

This review shows the importance of WO_(3)photoanode as a potentially low-cost,efficient,stable,and photoactive material for light-driven water *** such,this manuscript aims to review the most recent publications regarding the strategies to improve the phoelectroactivity of WO_(3)films for water *** addition,this review aims to graphically highlight and discuss the general trendings of the photocurrent density response and stability test of the recent outstanding studies in the literature for photoelectrochemical water splitting *** strategies covered in this review will not only concern the WO_(3)morphology and crystal plane growth,but also the many arrangements possibilities to improve the WO_(3)efficiency for water photoelectrooxidation,such as defect engineering based on oxygen vacancies,doping,decorations,and homo and *** these strategies are compared by the photocurrent density results and by the stability of these *** best results in this sense were observed in cases where the use of heterojunction was applied together with a desired morphology and crystal plane of the WO_(3)***,the modifications that caused a decrease in the photocurrent density reaching values that are even lower than the pure WO_(3)were also *** this way,this review intends to improve the knowledge about the synthesis and design of WO_(3)photoanodes to further obtain an efficient photocatalyst to minimize the recombination losses or losses across the interfaces and improve the photoelectroactivity for water splitting in the large-scale application.

关键词： Solar energy H_(2)production N-type semiconductor Photoelectrode design Oxygen evolution reaction