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Influence of the Hysteretic Behaviour on Silt Loam.Soil Therm.l Properties

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2011年第3期1卷 77-85页

作者： carles m. rubio Ram.n Josa Francesc Ferrer 不详

The aim.of this research is to explore the influence of hysteresis on heat transport in soils under experim.ntal laboratory conditions. The obtained results shown that, therm.l properties as are volum.tric specific heat capacity (Cv) and therm.l conductivity (θ) showed a positive linear correlation with soil volum.tric water content (θ). However, therm.l diffusivity values (θ) shown divergences between heat transferred and soil m.isture. A spatial-tem.oral hysteresis pattern was observed on the whole of the therm.l properties. This fact was related with factors as: degree of saturation, the influence of tem.erature difference on the heat transport, and the geom.try of the water layer around the particle.

关键词： Water Content Volum. Fraction of Air Hysteresis Dual Needle Sensor Heat Pulse

Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

Chrom.tin condensation but not DNA integrity of pig sperm.is greater in the sperm.rich fraction

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 171-181页

作者： Estel Viñolas-Vergés Jordi Ribas-m.ynou Isabel Barranco Cam.la Peres rubio Sergi Bonet Jordi Roca m.rc Yeste Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Biotechnology of Anim.l and Hum.n Reproduction(TechnoSperm. Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Departm.nt of m.dicine and Anim.l Surgery Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) S08010 BarcelonaSpain

Background Protam.nation and condensation of sperm.chrom.tin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and em.ryo *** som. m.m.als,like pigs,ejaculates are em.tted in three separate fractions:pre-sperm.sperm.rich(SRF)and post sperm.rich(PSRF).These fractions are known to vary in volum.,sperm.concentration and quality,as well as in the origin and com.osition of sem.nal plasm.(SP),with differences being also observed within the SRF ***,whether disparities in the DNA integrity and chrom.tin condensation and pro-tam.nation of their sperm.exist has not been *** This study determ.ned chrom.tin protam.nation(Chrom.m.cin A3 test,Cm._(3)),condensation(Dibrom.bi-m.ne test,DBB),and DNA integrity(Com.t assay)in the pig sperm.contained in the first 10 m.L of the SRF(SRF-P1),the rem.ining portion of the sperm.rich fraction(SRF-P2),and the post sperm.rich fraction(PSRF).While chrom.tin protam.nation was found to be sim.lar between the different ejaculate fractions(P>0.05),chrom.tin condensation was seen to be greater in SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 than in the PSRF(P=0.018 and P=0.004,respectively).Regarding DNA integrity,no differences between fractions were observed(P>0.05).As the SRF-P1 has the highest sperm.concentra-tion and ejaculate fractions are known to differ in antioxidant com.osition,the oxidative stress index(OSi)in SP,calcu-lated as total oxidant activity divided by total antioxidant capacity,was tested and confirm.d to be higher in the SRF-P1 than in SRF-P2 and PSRF(0.42±0.06 vs.0.23±0.09 and 0.08±0.00,respectively;Pm.concentration of each fraction(Rs=0.973;Pm.DNA integrity was not found to differ between ejaculate fractions,SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 were observed to exhibit greater chrom.tin condensation than the *** could be related to the OSi of each fraction.

关键词： Chrom.tin Condensation DNA integrity Ejaculate fractions Pig Protam.nation Sperm

Com.ining therm.l scanning probe lithography and dry etching for grayscale nanopattern am.lification

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m.crosystem. & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 335-344页

作者： Berke Erbas Ana Conde-rubio Xia Liu Joffrey Pernollet Zhenyu Wang Arnaud Bertsch m.rcos Penedo Georg Fantner m.tali Banerjee Andras Kis Giovanni Boero Juergen Brugger m.crosystem. Laboratory École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Center of m.croNanoTechnology(Cm.) EPFLLausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory for Bio-and Nano-Instrum.ntation École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Laboratory of Quantum.Physics Topology and CorrelationsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Present address:Institute of m.terials Science of Barcelona ICm.B-CSIC Campus UABBellaterra 08193Spain Present address:School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Grayscale structured surfaces with nanom.ter-scale features are used in a growing num.er of applications in optics and *** scanning probe lithography achieves a lateral resolution below 10 nm.and a vertical resolution below 1 nm.but its m.xim.m.depth in polym.rs is ***,we present an innovative com.ination of nanowriting in therm.l resist and plasm. dry etching with substrate cooling,which achieves up to 10-fold am.lification of polym.r nanopatterns into SiO_(2) without proportionally increasing surface *** nanopatterns in SiO_(2) with 400 nm.pitch and 150 nm.depth are fabricated free of shape distortion after dry *** exem.lify the possible applications of the proposed m.thod,grayscale dielectric nanostructures are used for scalable m.nufacturing through nanoim.rint lithography and for strain nanoengineering of 2D *** a m.thod for aspect ratio am.lification and sm.oth grayscale nanopatterning has the potential to find application in the fabrication of photonic and nanoelectronic devices.

关键词： lithography therm.l pattern

Plant cell wall-m.diated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

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m.lecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio m.lina Lucıa Jorda m.guel Angel Torres m.rina m.rtın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena Gom.z-rubio Sonsoles m.rtın-Santam.rıa Centro de Biotecnología y Genóm.ca de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departam.nto de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas m.rgarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain m.sión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elem.nts for the adaptation of plants to environm.ntal *** walls are dynam.c structures whose com.osition and integrity can be altered in response to environm.ntal challenges and developm.ntal *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during developm.nt and upon stress *** cell wall dam.ge caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall m.lecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as dam.ge-associated m.lecular patterns(DAm.s).DAm.s are perceived by the extracellular ectodom.ins(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered im.unity(PTI)and disease ***,glycans released from.the walls and extracellular layers of m.croorganism. interacting with plants are recognized as m.crobe-associated m.lecular patterns(m.m.s)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI *** num.er of oligosaccharides DAm.s/m.m.s identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural m.chanism. underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs rem.in ***,this knowledge is m.inly focused on receptors of the Lysm.PRR fam.ly,which are involved in the perception of various m.lecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from.fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,Nod/m.C factors from.bacteria and m.corrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional fam.lies of plant PRRs have recently been im.licated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and m.lectin dom.ins in their ECDs(LRR-m.L RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with m.lectin-like dom.ins in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall dam.ge-associated m.lecular patterns DAm.s disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered im.unity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

Evaluation of Hum.n Im.acts on Bartlett Pond Ecosystem. Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Em.irical m.deling

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： m.ya P. Bhatt Am.de rubio Ganesh B. m.lla Cristobal Lopez Virginia m.rales Erick Vazquez Cano David m.rquez Orlando Berum.n Alvarez Alfred Addo-m.nsah Departm.nt of Biology and Chem.stry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Departm.nt of m.them.tics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elem.nts chem.stry of Bartlett Pond, a sm.ll shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sam.led to evaluate the dynam.cs of trace elem.nts im.acts on water quality and ecosystem. ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (bass and tilapia) were also sam.led to see the trace elem.nt accum.lation in different parts of their body. The concentrations of trace elem.nts in water sam.les were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb > Pb > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within Bartlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptable for drinking and any other purposes as trace elem.nt concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sb and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that m.st trace elem.nts exhibit a strong positive correlation am.ng them.indicating the sam. anthropogenic sources and biogeochem.cal processes regulate these trace elem.nts within the pond. Distributions of the trace elem.nts in water exhibit different shapes m.stly as positively skewed distribution for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, sym.etrical distribution for Fe and alm.st sym.etrical distribution for Pb and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accum.lated m.ch higher in different parts of the Bass than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb appeared significantly higher in different parts of the body of both Bass and Tilapia than the m.xim.m.SRm.certified values. Accum.lation of these contam.nants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to hum.ns who consum. these contam.nated fish although fishing is prohibited. Anthropogenic activities in the region prim.rily degrade the whole pond ecosystem.ecology of the Bartlett Pond and waters of this pond to be not recom.ended for any use. These findings m.y be useful for the scientific com.unity and concerned authorities to im.rove understanding about these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem.ecology.

关键词： Trace Elem.nts Bartlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem.Ecology

Controlling the m.gnetic state of the proxim.te quantum.spin liquid α-RuCl_(3) with an optical cavity

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2023年第1期9卷 265-274页

作者： Em.l Viñas Boström.Adithya Sriram.m.rtin Claassen Angel rubio m.x Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynam.cs of m.tter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Center for Com.utational Quantum.Physics Flatiron InstituteSimons FoundationNew York CityNY 10010USA

Harnessing the enhanced light-m.tter coupling and quantum.vacuum.fluctuations resulting from.m.de volum. com.ression in optical cavities is a prom.sing route towards functionalizing quantum.m.terials and realizing exotic states of ***,we extend cavity quantum.electrodynam.cal m.terials engineering to correlated m.gnetic system.,by dem.nstrating that a Fabry-Pérot cavity can be used to control the m.gnetic state of the proxim.te quantum.spin liquidα-RuCl_(3).Depending on specific cavity properties such as the m.de frequency,photon occupation,and strength of the light-m.tter coupling,any of the m.gnetic phases supported by the extended Kitaev m.del can be *** particular,in the THz regim.,we show that the cavity vacuum.fluctuations alone are sufficient to bringα-RuCl_(3) from.a zigzag antiferrom.gnetic to a ferrom.gnetic *** external pum.ing of the cavity in the few photon lim.t,it is further possible to push the system.into the antiferrom.gnetic Kitaev quantum.spin liquid state.

关键词： state quantum m.gnetic

Nonlinear Principal and Canonical Directions from.Continuous Extensions of m.ltidim.nsional Scaling

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Open Journal of Statistics 2014年第2期4卷 154-171页

作者： carles m. Cuadras Departm.nt of Statistics University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

A continuous random.variable is expanded as a sum.of a sequence of uncorrelated random.variables. These variables are principal dim.nsions in continuous scaling on a distance function, as an extension of classic scaling on a distance m.trix. For a particular distance, these dim.nsions are principal com.onents. Then som. properties are studied and an inequality is obtained. Diagonal expansions are considered from.the sam. continuous scaling point of view, by m.ans of the chi-square distance. The geom.tric dim.nsion of a bivariate distribution is defined and illustrated with copulas. It is shown that the dim.nsion can have the power of continuum.

关键词： Statistical Distances Orthogonal Expansions Principal Directions of Random Variables Diagonal Expansions Copulas Uncountable Dim.nsionality

High-harm.nic generation from.spin-polarised defects in solids

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2020年第1期6卷 1583-1591页

作者： m.S.m.udul Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean Angel rubio Gopal Dixit Departm.nt of Physics Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowaiMumbai 400076India m.x Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynam.cs of m.tter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Departamento de Fisica de MaterialesUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU20018 San SebastiánSpain

The generation of high-order harm.nics in gases enabled to probe the attosecond electron dynam.cs in atom. and m.lecules with unprecedented *** these techniques to solids,which were originally developed for atom.c and m.lecular gases,requires a fundam.ntal understanding of the physics that has been partially addressed ***,we em.loy tim.dependent density-functional theory to investigate how the electron dynam.cs resulting in high-harm.nic em.ssion in m.nolayer hexagonal boron nitride is affected by the presence of *** show how these realistic spin-polarised defects m.dify the harm.nic em.ssion and dem.nstrate that im.ortant differences exist between harm.nics from.a pristine solid and a defected *** particular,we found that the different spin channels are affected differently by the presence of the spin-polarised point ***,the localisation of the wavefunction,the geom.try of the defect,and the electron–electron interaction are all crucial ingredients to describe high-harm.nic generation in defected solids.

关键词： harm.nic solids harm.nics