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longitudinal assessment of liver stiffness by transient elastography for chronic hepatitis C patients

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第17期10卷 5566-5576页

作者： Anya Mezina Arunkumar Krishnan Tinsay A Woreta Kevin B Rubenstein Eric Watson po-Hung Chen carla Rodriguez-Watson Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21231United States Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic StatesRockville 20852United States Department of Health policy and Management Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287United States Innovation in Medical Evidence Development and Surveillance(IMEDS)Program Reagan-Udall Foundation for the FDAWashington20036United States

BACKGROUND liver fibrosis is a common pathway of liver injury and is a feature of most chronic liver *** progression varies markedly in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV).liver stiffness has been recommended as a parameter of fibrosis progression/regression in patients with *** To investigate changes in liver stiffness measured by transient elastography(TE)in a large,racially diverse cohort of United States patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC).METHODS We evaluated the differences in liver stiffness between patients treated with direct-acting antiviral(DAA)therapy and untreated *** had≥2 TE measurements and no prior DAA *** used linear regression to measure the change in liver stiffness between first and last TE in response to treatment,controlling for age,sex,race,diabetes,smoking status,human immunodeficiency virus status,baseline alanine aminotransferase,and baseline liver *** regression models analyzed the change in liver stiffness as measured by kPa,stratified by cirrhosis *** Of 813 patients,419(52%)initiated DAA *** liver stiffness was 12 kPa in 127(16%).Median time between first and last TE was 11.7 and 12.7 mo among treated and untreated patients,*** was no significant change in liver stiffness observed over time in either the group initiating DAA treatment(0.016 kPa/month;CI:-0.051,0.084)or in the untreated group(0.001 kPa/mo;CI:-0.090,0.092),controlling for covariates.A higher baseline kPa score was independently associated with decreased liver *** DAA treatment was not associated with a differential change in liver stiffness over time in patients with CHC compared to untreated patients.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C liver stiffness Cirrhosis Transient elastography Direct-acting antiviral therapy

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Autophagy in hepatitis C virus-host interactions:potential roles and therapeutic targets for liver-associated diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5773-5793页

作者： po-Yuan Ke Steve S-l Chen Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciencesand Molecular Medicine Research CenterCollege of MedicineChang Gung University liver Research Center Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital PhD Program in Translational Medicine Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 80708 and Academia Sinica

Autophagy is a lysosome-associated,degradative process that catabolizes cytosolic components to recycle nutrients for further use and maintain cell *** C virus(HCV)is a major cause of chronic hepatitis,which often leads to end-stage liverassociated diseases and is a significant burden on worldwide public *** lines of evidence indicate that autophagy plays an important role in promoting the HCV life cycle in host ***,the diverse impacts of autophagy on a variety of signaling pathways in HCV-infected cells suggest that the autophagic process is required for balancing HCVhost cell interactions and involved in the pathogenesis of HCV-related liver ***,the detailed molecular mechanism underlying how HCV activates autophagy to benefit viral growth is still ***,how the autophagic response contributes to disease progression in HCV-infected cells remains largely ***,in this review,we overview the interplay between autophagy and the HCV life cycle and propose possible mechanisms by which autophagy may promote the pathogenesis of HCVassociated chronic liver ***,we outline the related studies on how autophagy interplays with HCV replication and discuss the possible implications of autophagy and viral replication in the progression of HCV-induced liver diseases,e.g.,steatosis and hepatocellular ***,we explore the potential therapeutics that target autophagy to cure HCV infection and its related liver diseases.

关键词： Autophagy Hepatitis C virus Steatosis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Adaptive Bayesian Inference for Discontinuous Inverse Problems,Application to Hyperbolic Conservation laws

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第6期16卷 1-34页

作者： Alexandre Birolleau Gaël.poëtte Didier lucor CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance. UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR 7190Institut Jean Le Rond d’AlembertF-75005 ParisFrance. CNRS UMR 7190Institut Jean Le Rond d’AlembertF-75005 ParisFrance.

Various works from the literature aimed at accelerating Bayesian inference in inverse *** spectral methods have been recently proposed as surrogate approximations of the forward uncertainty propagation model over the support of the prior *** representations are efficient because they allow affordable simulation of a large number of samples from the posterior ***,they do not perform well when the forward model exhibits strong nonlinear behavior with respect to its *** this work,we first relate the fast(exponential)l2-convergence of the forward approximation to the fast(exponential)convergence(in terms of Kullback-leibler divergence)of the approximate *** particular,we prove that in case the prior distribution is uniform,the posterior is at least twice as fast as the convergence rate of the forward model in those *** Bayesian inference strategy is developed in the framework of a stochastic spectral projection *** predicted convergence rates are then demonstrated for simple nonlinear inverse problems of varying *** then propose an efficient numerical approach for the Bayesian solution of inverse problems presenting strongly nonlinear or discontinuous system *** comes with the improvement of the forward model that is adaptively approximated by an iterative generalized polynomial Chaos-based *** numerical approximations and predicted convergence rates of the former approach are compared to the new iterative numerical method for nonlinear time-dependent test cases of varying dimension and complexity,which are relevant regarding our hydrodynamics motivations and therefore regarding hyperbolic conservation laws and the apparition of discontinuities in finite time.

关键词： Stochastic inverse problems Bayesian inference iterative generalized polynomial Chaos compressible gas dynamics.

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Myostatin gene promoter:structure,conservation and importance as a target for muscle modulation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 255-273页

作者： carla Vermeulen Carvalho Grade Carolina Stefano Mantovani lúcia Elvira Alvares Universidade Federal da Integracao latino-Americana UNILAInstituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da NaturezaAvenida Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos1000Foz do IguacuPR CEP 85870-901Brazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMPRua Monteiro Lobato255CampinasSP CEP 13083-862Brazil.

Myostatin(MSTN) is one of the key factors regulating myogenesis. Because of its role as a negative regulator of muscle mass deposition, much interest has been given to its protein and, in recent years, several studies have analysed MSTN gene regulation. This review discusses the MSTN gene promoter, focusing on its structure in several animal species, both vertebrate and invertebrate. We report the important binding sites considering their degree of phylogenetic conservation and roles they play in the promoter activity. Finally, we discuss recent studies focusing on MSTN gene regulation via promoter manipulation and the potential applications they have both in medicine and agriculture.

关键词： CAAT box E-box Gene promoter Myogenesis Myostatin SNP Transcription factors TATA box

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Challenges for cysteamine stabilization,quantification,and biological effects improvement

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第6期10卷 499-516页

作者： carla Atallah Catherine Charcosset Helene Greige-Gerges Bioactive Molecules Research laboratory Doctoral School of Sciences and TechnologiesFaculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityLebanon laboratory of Automatic Control Chemical and Pharmaceutical EngineeringClaude Bernard Lyon 1 UniversityFrance

The aminothiol cysteamine,derived from coenzyme A degradation in mammalian cells,presents several biological ***,the bitter taste and sickening odor,chemical instability,hygroscopicity,and poor pharmacokinetic profile of cysteamine limit its *** use of encapsulation systems is a good methodology to overcome these undesirable properties and improve the pharmacokinetic behavior of ***,the conjugation of cysteamine to the surface of nanoparticles is generally proposed to improve the intra-oral delivery of cyclodextrin-drug inclusion complexes,as well as to enhance the colorimetric detection of compounds by a gold nanoparticle aggregation *** the other hand,the detection and quantification of cysteamine is a challenging mission due to the lack of a chromophore in its structure and its susceptibility to oxidation before or during the *** agents are therefore applied for the quantification of this *** our knowledge,the derivatization techniques and the encapsulation systems used for cysteamine delivery were not reviewed ***,this review aims to compile all the data on these methods as well as to provide an overview of the various biological applications of cysteamine focusing on its skin application.

关键词： Cysteamine Detection Encapsulation Skin Stability

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Influence of flooding and vegetation on carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus dynamics in the pore water of a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 212-221页

作者： Vanesa l.Negrin carla V.Spetter Raúl O.Asteasuain Gerardo M.E.Perillo Jorge E.Marcovecchio Argentine Institute of Oceanography (IADO CONICETCCT-Bahía Blanca)Camino La Carrindanga km 75Building E-1 CC 804Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina Department of Chemistry Southern National Institute of Chemistry (INQUISUR)Southern National University (UNS)Av Alem 1253Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina Department of Geology Southern National University (UNS)San Juan 670Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina National Technological University Regional Faculty of Bahía Blanca (UTN-FRBB)11 de Abril 461Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina University of the Fraternity of Associations Santo Toms de Aquino (FASTA) Gascón 3145Mar del Plata 7600Argentina

Four sites were selected in a salt marsh in the Bahia Blanca Estuary （Argentina）：（1） low marsh （flooded by the tide twice daily） vegetated by S. alterniflora; （2） non-vegetated low marsh; （3） high marsh （flooded only in spring tides） vegetated by S. alterniflora; （4） non-vegetated high marsh. The pH and Eh were measured in sediments, while dissolved nutrients （ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate） and particulate organic matter （poM） were determined in pore water, pH （6.2-8.7） was only affected by vegetation in low areas. Eh （from -300 to 250 mV） was lower at low sites than at high ones; in the latter, the values were higher in the non-vegetated sediments. The poM concentration was greater in the high marsh than in the low marsh, with no effect of vegetation. Ammonium was the most abundant nitrogen nutrient species in pore water, except in the non-vegetated high marsh where nitrate concentration was higher. All nitrogen nutrients were affected by both flooding and vegetation. Phosphate was always present in pore water at all sites throughout the year and its concentration varied within narrow limits, with no effect of flooding and greater values always at non-vegetated sites. Our results showed that the variability of the pore water composition within the marsh is greater than the temporal variation, meaning that both tidal flooding and vegetation are important in the dynamics of nutrients and organic matter in the sediment pore water.

关键词： organic matter nutrients flooding Spartina alterniflora

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A new cryptand/paraquat [2]pseudorotaxane

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第4期53卷 858-862页

作者： ZAKHAROV lev N. SlEBODNICK carla RHEINGOlD Arnold l. GIBSON Harry W. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Department of Chemistry Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

A new cryptand/paraquat [2]pseudorotaxane and its crown ether analog were synthesized and characterized by proton NMR, mass spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray analysis. The Job plots based on proton NMR data demonstrated that both the complex between cryptand 1 and paraquat derivative 2a and the complex between bis(p-phenylene)-34-crown-10 (3) and paraquat derivative 2b have 1:1 stoichiometry in solution. The apparent association constants (Ka,exp) of 1·2a and 3·2b calculated for 1:1 complexes were 1.4 (±0.2) × 104 and 4.7 (± 0.5) × 102 M-1, respectively. X-ray analysis showed that 1·2a is stabilized by ten hydrogen bonds and face-to-face π-stacking interactions in the solid state, while 3·2b is stabilized by four hydrogen bonds and face-to-face π-stacking interactions. As well as in the X-ray structure of 1·2c, a water molecule acts as a hydrogen bridge between the β-pyridinium protons of 2a and the ether oxygen atoms of 1 in 1·2a. The successful preparation of 1·2a demonstrated that the tert-butyl group is not big enough to be a stopper for rotaxanes based on 1.

关键词： host-guest system self-assembly pseudorotaxane cryptand paraquat

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes based catalyst plasmon resonance light scattering analysis of tetracycline hydrochloride

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第9期51卷 866-871页

作者： HU po HUANG ChengZhi ZHANG li College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time AnalysisSouthwest Uni-versityChongqing 400715China

It was found that multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) could catalyze the redox reaction between chlorauric acid (HAuCl4) and reductive drugs such as tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), producing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). By measuring the plasmon resonance light scattering (PRlS) signals of the resulting Au NPs, tetracycline hydrochloride can be detected simply and rapidly with a linear range of 4―26 μmol/l, a correlated coefficient (r ) of 0.9955, and a limit of detection (3σ) of 6.0 nmol/l. This method has been successfully applied to the detection of tetracycline hydrochloride tablets in clinic with the recovery of 101.9% and that of fresh urine samples with the recovery of 98.3%―102.0%.

关键词： MWNTs chlorauric acid tetracycline hydrochloride plasmon resonance light scattering

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Study of a Dual-sided Multiple Fans System with a Piezoelectric Actuator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第5期24卷 432-441页

作者： Hsiao-Kang Ma Yi-Tseng li Ching-po lin Department of Mechanical Engineering Taiwan University

A dual-sided multiple fans system with a piezoelectric actuator （＂D-MFPA＂）, which is able to drive eight passive vibrating fans and provide two-directional air flows by using only one piezoelectric actuator, has been investigated in this study. Moreover, two types of the fan designs, viz. magnetic fan （MF） and composite magnetic fan （CMF） were also explored. In the investigation of the MF, the results indicated that the resonance frequency of the D-MFPA increased from 27.6 Hz to 66 Hz as the length of the carbon fiber plate （l） decreased from 55 mm to 35 mm. It also decreased the amplitude of the D-MFPA from 12.4mm to 4.8 mm. For CMF, the results showed that the resonance frequency decreased when the length of the Mylar plate （Et） increased, and the maximum decrease was from 66 Hz to 45 Hz when l= 35 mm and Er= 30 mm. Dimensionless heat convection number （MD_MFPA） was defined to describe and quantify the improvement in the thermal performance. The results showed that the optimal MO-MFPA of the single piezoelectric fan was 1,58 for cooling one heat source. By contrast, under the same power consumption, the D-MFPA not only cooled two heat sources but also displayed better thermal performance.

关键词： D-MFPA resonance frequency composite magnetic fan thermal performance

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Signaling Kinetics of DNA and Aptamer Biosensors Revealing Graphene Oxide Surface Heterogeneity

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2022年第1期6卷 11-18页

作者： po-Jung Jimmy Huang Juewen liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Adsorption of fluorescently labeled DNA and aptamer probes to graphene oxide(GO)has been one of the most popular methods for developing *** the presence of target analytes,the quenched fluorescence would *** this work,we followed the kinetics of the reactions and found that the fluorescence would eventually drop after an initial increase,and this was attributed to the re-adsorption of the desorbed probe DNA *** a DNA probe and an aptamer for adenosine were *** re-adsorption was attributed to the surface heterogeneity of GO,and the DNA probes desorbed from relatively weaker binding sites were re-adsorbed on the stronger binding *** re-adsorption can be avoided by extensive washing the samples,and also by blocking the GO surface or by *** fundamental understanding is important for achieving a stable signal of such biosensors.

关键词： Kinetics DNA Aptamer Biosensors Graphene

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