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Towards a standardisation for digital inputs and outputs of protection functions in IEC 60255 series

Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 382-392页

作者： Volker leitloff Hao Chen Dehui Chen Andrea Bonetti lei Xu Ahmed Mohamed carl Byman French Transmission Network Operator Rte ParisFrance State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd.NanjingChina State Grid Electric Power Institute NanjingChina Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSweden NR Elec-tric Co. Ltd.NanjingChina Scottish and Southern Energy Network(SSEN) GlasgowUK Hitachi Energy VästeråsSweden.

Fully digitalized substations using IEC 61850 process bus are being introduced all over the *** utilities have featured pilot projects,demonstrators or even industrial scale deployment of these Fully Digital Protection,Auto-mation and Control Systems(FD-PACS).Product standards such as profiles for Instrument Transformers have been developed and published(IEC 61869-6 and IEC 61869-9 by TC 38-Instrument Transformers).This raises the question about the standards for digitally interfaced protection *** 2016,IEC TC 95(Measuring relays and protection equipment)charged a working group to investigate this subject and to elaborate recommendations concerning requirements and testing of protection IED with digital inputs and outputs for protection standards(IEC 60255-1xx series).For protection functions,publisher/subscriber based data streams are supposed to comply with IEC 61850 and IEC 61869 *** holds in particular for Sampled Values(SV)representing energising inputs of the protection function,and is also applicable to Generic Object Oriented Substation Event(GOOSE)which can be used for input or output of protection *** attributes of published data depend on the operational and connection status of the function and the hosting *** addition,protection functions have to take into account the information regarding the time synchronisation of the received SV and other *** paper gives an overview of these features and the proposed way to take them into account in the IEC 60255 standard *** describes the progress of WG 2 and relates it to existing standardization documents.

关键词： Process bus Protection function Digital interface SAMU lPIT Standards IEC 61850

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Vegetation fractional coverage change in a typical oasis region in Tarim River Watershed based on remote sensing

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Journal of Arid land 2013年第1期5卷 89-101页

作者： Fei ZHANG Tashpolat TIYIP Jianli DING Mamat SAWUT Verner carl JOHNSON NigaraTASHPOlAT DongWei GUI College of Resources and Environment Science Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China Key laboratory of Oasis Ecology Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Colorado Mesa University Grand Junction Colorado 81501 USA Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Cele National Station of Observation & Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang Cele 848300 China

Vegetation fractional coverage （VFC） is an important index to describe and evaluate the ecological system. The vegetation index is widely used to monitor vegetation coverage in the field of remote sensing （RS）. In this paper, the author conducted a case study of the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers, which is a typical saline area in the Tarim River Watershed. The current study was based on the TM/ETM＋ images of 1989, 2001, and 2006, and supported by Geographic Information System （GIS） spatial analysis, vegetation index, and dimidiate pixel model. In addition, VBSl （vegetation, bare soil and shadow indices） suitable for TM/ETM＋ irrlages, constructed with FCD （forest canopy density） model principle and put forward by ITTO （International Tropical Timber Organization）, was used, and it was applied to estimate the VFC. The estimation accuracy was later prow^n to be up to 83.52%. Further, the study analyzed and appraised the changes in vegetation patterns and revealed a pattern of spatial change in the vegetation coverage of the study area by producing the map of VFC levels in the delta oasis. Forest, grassland, and farmland were the three main land-use types with high and extremely-high coverage, and they played an important role in maintaining the vegetation. The forest area determined the changes of the coverage area, whereas the other two land types affected the directions of change. Therefore, planting trees, protecting grasslands, reclaiming farmlands, and controlling unused lands should be included in a long-term program because of their importance in keeping regional vegetation coverage. Finally, the dynamic variation of VFC in the study area was evaluated according to the quantity and spatial distribution rendered by plant cover diigital images to deeply analyze the reason behind the variation.

关键词： vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) VBSI (vegetation, bare soil and shadow indices) dimidiate pixel model delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers

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Predicting the effectiveness of protected areas of Natura 2000 under climate change

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 162-182页

作者： Mst.Umme Salma Nila carl Beierkuhnlein Anja Jaeschke Samuel Hoffmann Md lokman Hossain Global Change Ecology International Elite Study ProgrammeUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447 BayreuthGermany Department of Biogeography University of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447 BayreuthGermany Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University15 Baptist University RoadKowloon TongHong Kong Department of Environmental Protection Technology German University Bangladesh1702 GazipurBangladesh.

Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to *** can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of species under climate *** Natura 2000(N2K)is the largest coordinated conservation tool assigned to maintain the long-term survival of Europe’s most significant species and *** attempting to understand the effectiveness of PAs in the face of climate change scenarios,we tested two hypotheses:(1)PAs in the Alpine and the Boreal biogeographical regions will experience more newly emerged climate conditions(hotter and drier)compared to the climate representation of other biogeographical regions under future climate in Europe and(2)PAs in the Mediterranean and the Continental biogeographical regions will face more consistency in climate conditions due to less area of disappearing and novel climate in ***:Current climate data(1960–1990)and projections for 2050 and 2070 of PAs of N2K were extracted from WorldClim global climate *** components analysis(PCA)was performed to construct climate space for the PAs across the biogeographical regions based on 19 climatic variables assessed at 5-km *** 10.1 was used to map the location of the novel and disappearing ***:PAs in the Alpine region will experience more novel climate conditions in the future compared to other biogeographical *** future projections showed that 17.70%of the PAs in the Alpine region will experience novel climate by *** climate consistency was observed in the PAs in the Continental region compared to the other biogeographical *** results showed that about 176 km2 of the selected PAs in the Continental region will face new emerging climate,while about 110 km2 will disappear under RCP 8.5 *** prediction also revealed that in the Mediterranean region 08 PAs will experience novel climate and 786 km2 areas

关键词： Biodiversity conservation Biogeographical region Climate change Climate scenarios Natura 2000,Protected areas

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Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第6期8卷 387-392页

作者： Apichai Srijan Woradee lurchachaiwong Boonchai Wongstitwilairoong ladaporn Bodhidatta carl Mason Brett Swierczewski Department of Enteric Diseases Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical SciencesBangkokThailand Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences current affiliation of the Henry M.Jackson FoundationBethesdaMDUSA

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalSalmonella (NTS) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military ***:A total of 355 NTS isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZM-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test ***:NTS infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wasSalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedSalmonellahadar (n=60),Salmonellarissen (n=45), andSalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by STR (40.8％, 145/355). OneSalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia. AZM-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveilla

关键词： Non-typhoid Salmonella Antimicrobial resistance Azithromycin Deployed military Public health Thailand

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The best of the future of business lawrence J. Gitman, carl McDaniel 1st Edition

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2003年

作者： lawrence J. Gitman carl McDaniel

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Introduction of new techniques and technologies in surgery: Where is transanal total mesorectal excision today?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第5期12卷 203-207页

作者： Antonio Caycedo-Marulanda Sunil Patel Shaila Merchant carl Brown Department of surgery Queen’s University and Kingston General HospitalKingston K7L 2V7OntarioCanada Department of Surgery University of British Columbia and St.Paul HospitalVancouver V6Z 1Y6British ColumbiaCanada

The introduction of new surgical techniques and technologies has traditionally been *** many settings surgeons frequently adopt novel procedures without following a structured program of implementation or *** appearance of innovative technology played a pivotal role in the advancement of new surgical techniques during the industrial *** has been an essential component of surgical development,which led to contemporary surgical techniques such as minimally invasive *** initiatives have been developed to guide the safe introduction of new surgical techniques and other *** include comprehensive concepts such as the Idea,Development,Exploration,Assessment,long-term study framework,which could be particularly relevant when reflecting on the novel transanal total mesorectal excision(taTME),introduced a decade *** relatively novel and complex procedure promised to overcome some of the major limitations of traditional surgical approaches for rectal *** to the Idea,Development,Exploration,Assessment,long-term study framework,taTME is in the phase of exploration,where there is an existing and increasing number of reports being published as the experience *** current management of rectal cancer is in a state of radical evolution,with multiple options that were not previously *** TME is only one technique amongst many which could be part of a rectal cancer surgeon’s armamentarium;however,it requires further rigorous study and evaluation.

关键词： Rectal cancer New technology Safety Innovation Transanal surgery

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P53-regulated autophagy and its impact on drug resistance and cell fate

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 85-95页

作者： Daeun Shim lei Duan carl G.Maki Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA

Wild-type p53 is a stress-responsive transcription factor and a potent tumor suppressor.P53 inhibits the growth of incipient cancer cells by blocking their proliferation or inducing their death through *** is a self-eating process that plays a key role in response to *** autophagy,organelles and other intracellular components are degraded in autophagolysosomes and the autophagic breakdown products are recycled into metabolic and energy producing pathways needed for survival.P53 can promote or inhibit autophagy depending on its subcellular localization,mutation status,and the level of *** autophagy has been reported in several studies to increase p53-mediated apoptosis,revealing that autophagy can influence cell-fate in response to activated p53 and is a potential target to increase p53-dependent tumor suppression.

关键词： Autophagy histone methylation metabolism

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Robust cost efficacy of a novel,validated screening test at 12–20 Weeks gestation for the prediction of preterm birth(PTB)at or before 32 Weeks in singletons

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2021年第3期1卷 107-111页

作者： Robert H.lee carl P.Weiner Departments of Population Health University of Kansas School of MedicineUSA Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS66160USA

Objective:Preterm birth(PTB)at or before 32 weeks complicates up to 2%of United States(US)births and accounts for 80%of perinatal expenditures in the first year of *** screening tests for PTB performed from 12 weeks to 19 weeks 5 days have receiver operated area under the curve(AUC)indices ofluated FutureBIRTH™,a unique maternal screening test comprised of plasma cell-free RNA for the prediction of PTB≦32 weeks due to spontaneous labor(sPTB)with or without preterm premature rupture of the membranes(PPROM)or early-onset pre-eclampsia before 34 weeks(EOP).FutureBIRTH™is supported by multiple validation studies derived from 12 weeks to 19 weeks 5 days gestation achieving AUCs of 84.2%for sPTB and 94.1%for ***:Using the US rates for EOP(0.5%)and sPTB≦32 weeks(1.8%)and adjusting the US pregnancy/neonatal medical costs to US dollars(2017 value),we calculated the cost per 100,000 singletons with or without universal FutureBIRTH™testing before 19 weeks and 6 days using three detection rates and assuming screenpositive women would be treated with and respond to aspirin(assumed 80%efficacy for EOP)and vaginal progesterone(assumed 38%efficacy for sPTB).We also assessed test performance at disease incidence rates below that of the US(down to 0.46%).For considering screening costs,we assumed test costs of$750,and treatment costs of$1000 for patients over 20 weeks gestational ***:The identification and treatment of‘at-risk’pregnancies by FutureBIRTH™with existing therapies would reduce direct healthcare costs by up to$95 million per 100,000 *** projected savings were robust and achievable at each FutureBIRTH™price despite the conservative costs,efficacy,and detection rate *** incidence of PTB≦32 weeks would decline by 40%–50%with a test cost of$750 and an 80%detection ***:The accurate risk assessment provided by universal FutureBIRTH™screening coupled with existing preventative treatments could lea

关键词： Pregnancy Preterm birth Transcriptome Plasma RNA Precision medicine

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Implications of CMS analysis of photon-photon interactions for photon PDFs

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第11期42卷 1-7页

作者： Pazilet Obul Mamut Ababekri Sayipjamal Dulat Joshua Isaacson carl Schmidt C.-P. Yuan School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China Center for Theoretical Physics Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Fermi National Accelerator laboratory Batavia IL 60510 USA

As part of a recent analysis of exclusive two-photon production of W＋W- pairs at the lHC, the CMS experiment used di-lepton data to obtain an ＂effective＂ photon-photon luminosity. We show how the CMS analysis on their 8 TeV data, along with some assumptions about the likelihood for events in which the proton breaks up to pass the selection criteria, can be used to significantly constrain the photon parton distribution functions, such as those from the CTEQ, MRST, and NNPDF collaborations. We compare the data with predictions using these photon distributions, as well as the new lUXqed photon distribution. We study the impact of including these data on the NNPDF2.3QED, NNPDF3.0QED and CT14QEDinc fits. We find that these data place a useful and complementary cross-check on the photon distribution, which is consistent with the lUXqed prediction while suggesting that the NNPDF photon error band should be significantly reduced. Additionally, we propose a simple model for describing the two-photon production of W^＋W^- at the lHC. Using this model, we constrain the number of inelastic photons that remain after the experimental cuts are applied.

关键词： applications of electroweak models to specific processes summation of perturbation theory inclusive production with identified leptons photons or other nonhadronic particles

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Multitemporal landslide inventory analysis of an intertropical mountain in west-central Mexico——Basis for hazard management

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1650-1669页

作者： Alejandro Cesar VAlDES CARRERA Manuel E.MENDOZA Teodoro carlÓN AllENDE Jose luis MACIAS Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico

landslides in intertropical mountainous areas of Mexico are a natural hazard that could potentially generate a disaster. Despite this, many areas lack landslide inventories, making it difficult to monitor and efficiently manage the associated risks for local populations. For this reason, the aim of this research was to undertake a multitemporal landslide inventory and analyze its conditioning factors in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano, which, in recent decades, has presented several high-risk geomorphological events with disastrous consequences for nearby localities. The spatial distribution of landslides and its conditioning factors were mapped at a 1:50,000 scale for the 1995-2020 period, through visual interpretation of orthophotos and satellite images(landsat, SPOT, and SENTINEl). The conditioning factors that link the most to landslides were Quaternary andesite and basaltic andesite rocks;volcanic cones, mountain river valleys, and very steep to steep slopes(30° to >45°), oriented to the South, North, and East;Andosols and leptosols;and the oyamel fir and mixed forests. 505 landslide events classified into slides and flows that occurred in 1995, 2004, 2010, and 2015 were identified. New scars generated by the reactivation of landslide processes were also observed. The landslides in the study area were triggered by torrential rains caused by hurricanes and tropical storms;such as hurricanes Alex and Patricia. The inventory and analysis of conditioning factors highlighted the distribution and dynamics of slides and flows in the study area. In addition, the most important factors for studies of landslide susceptibility, hazards, and risks in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano were identified, contributing to the management of geomorphological risks in intertropical mountain areas.

关键词： Geomorphology Mass wasting Natural hazards Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano Risk management

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