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Agronomic characterization and genetic analysis of the supernume-r ary spikelet in tetraploid wheat(Triticum turgidum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第6期16卷 1304-1311页

作者： ZHANG Rui-qi HOU Fu CHEN Juan CHEN Shu-lin XING Li-ping FENG Yi-gao cao ai-zhong College of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Cytogenetic Institute Jangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Crop Production College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops

The supernumerary spikelets（SS）characters of tetraploid wheat（Triticum turgidum L.）resulting in more spikelets and kernels per spike,thus enhancing sink capacity may contribute to potential wheat yield *** order to investigate the effect of different SS types on agronomic characters and understand the genetic base of SS phenotype in tetraploid wheat,near isogenic lines（NILs）,bh-50 with normal spikelets（NS）,bh-51 with four-rowed spikelets（FRS）,bh-52 with short-ramified spikelets（SRS）,and bh-53 with long-ramified spikelets（LRS）in a Triticum durum ***1286 genetic background were developed by continuous *** characters showed that the SS phenotype lines,bh-51,bh-52and bh-53 have significant increase in the number of spikelets and grains per spike compared with the NS phenotype line bh-50（P〈0.05）,and bh-53 line showed much more increase than those of bh-51 and ***,bh-53 had the lowest grain weight and the longest spike development stage than those of other spike *** results indicated that the different SS types have different effects on the agronomic and spike *** analysis through bh-50/bh-51and bh-51/bh-53 F2 populations showed that a recessive major gene controlled the spike architecture to transform from NS to FRS,and a dominant major gene determined the change of spike phenotype from FRS to *** sequences of Tt BH/WFZP ortholog on chromosome 2AS revealed that a single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）substitution happened in the open reading frame（ORF）region of all the SS tetraploid wheat accessions,which may lead to the generation of lateral meristems between glume and lemma during the immature spike *** the fates of the lateral meristems,developing into lateral spikelets or branched spikelets,may be determined by another major *** results presented here may advance our understanding and knowledge of the genes and genetic pathways determining the spike architecture development in wh

关键词： tetraploid wheat (Trificum turgidum L.) ramified spikelet four-rowed spikelet TtBH/WFZP alleles

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Structural Changes of 2V Chromosome of Haynaldia villosa Induced by Gametocidal Chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第7期7卷 804-811页

作者： CHEN Quan-zhan cao ai-zhong QI Zeng-jun ZHANG Wei CHEN Pei-du National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R. China Genetics Laboratory Life Science Department Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 211171 P.R. China

Haynaldia villosa （2n=2X= 14, VV）, a relative of wheat, plays important roles in wheat improvement mainly owing to its disease resistance. Powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 has been successfully transferred into wheat by Cytogenetic Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, China, and is widely used in the current wheat breeding programs. In this research, our objective is to further transfer and utilize the beneficial genes such as eye-spot resistance, yellow rust resistance, and gene of the tufted bristles on the glume ridge （a remarkable morphology） mapped on 2V of Haynaldia villosa. A disomic addition line with gametocidal chromosome 3C ofAegilops triuncialis added in Norin-26 was crossed to the wheat-H, villosa disomic substitution 2V（2D） and the hybrid F1 was then self-crossed. Chromosome C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization （GISH）, and meiotic analysis in combination with molecular markers were applied to detect the chromosome variations derived from hybrids Fz and F3. To date, four translocations including one small segmental translocation T6BS·6BL-2VS, two whole arm translocations （preliminarily designed as T3DS·2VL and T2VS.7DL） and one intercalary translocation T2VS·2VL-W-2VL, one deletion Del. 2VS·2VL-, one monotelosomic Mt2VS, and one isochromosome 2VS·2VS line have been developed and characterized. One wheat SSR marker Xwmc25.120 tagging 2VS and one wheat STS marker NAU/STSBCD135-1 （2BL） tagging 2VL were successfully used to confirm the alien chromosome segments involved in the seven lines. The tufted bristles on the glume ridge appeared in lines T2VS-7DL, Mt2VS, 2VS-2VS as well as the parent DS2V（2D）, whereas in T3DS·2VL, this trait did not appear. The gene controlling the tufted bristles was located on 2VS. Gametocidal chromosome 3C ofAegilops triuncialis could successfully induce chromosome 2V structural changes.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Haynaldia villosa gametocidal chromosome 3C chromosome aberration C-banding genomic in situ hybridization molecular marker

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Development of EST-PCR markers specific to the long arm of chromosome 6V of Dasypyrum villosum

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1720-1726页

作者： SUN Hao-jie SONG Jing-jing XIAO Jin XU Tao WEI Xing YUAN Chun-xia cao ai-zhong XING Li-ping WANG Hai-yan WANG Xiu-e State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Ministry of Science and Technology/Cytogenetics InstituteNanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP)

Expressed sequence tags-derived polymerase chain reaction(EST-PCR) molecular markers specific for alien chromosomes can be used to not only monitor the introgressed alien chromatin in wheat background, but also provide the evidence of the syntenic relationship between homoeologous chromosomes. In the present study, in order to develop high density and evenly distributed molecular markers specific for chromosome 6 VL of Dasypyrum villosum, 297 primer pairs were designed based on the expressed sequence tags(EST) sequences, which were previously mapped in different bins of the long arms of wheat homoeologous 6 AL, 6 BL, and 6 DL. By using the Triticum aestivum, D. villosum, T. durum-D. villosum amphiploid, and T. aestivum-D. villosum alien chromosome lines involving chromosome 6 V, it was found that 32(10.77%) primers could amplify specific bands for chromosome 6 V, and 31 could be allocated to chromosome arm 6 VL. These 6 VL specific markers provided efficient tools for the characterization of structural variation involving the chromosome 6 VL in common wheat background as well as for the selection of useful genes located on 6 VL in breeding programs.

关键词： Dasypyrum villosum molecular marker common wheat alien chromosome line

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A Wheat Receptor-Like Protein Gene TaRLP1.1 is Involved in the Defense Response against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

A Wheat Receptor-Like Protein Gene TaRLP1.1 is Involved in t...

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江苏省遗传学会2013年学术研讨会

作者： JIANG Zheng-Ning XING Li-Ping BIE Tong-De ZHANG Bo-Qiao WANG Xiu-E CHEN Pei-Du cao ai-zhong National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Cytogenetics Institute Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low & Middle Yangtze River Valley Winter Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture) Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici（Pst）, is one of the most serious diseases of wheat, so exploring of effective resistance-related genes is critical for breeding and studying resistance mechanisms. However, only a few stripe rust resistance genes and defense-related genes have been cloned. Moreover, transgenic wheat with enhanced stripe rust resistance has rarely been reported. Receptor-like proteins（RLPs） are known to be involved in defense and developmental pathways. In this research, a novel RLP gene Ta RLP1.1 was characterized as an important stripe rust defense gene. TaRLP1.1 was screened by GeneChip which was induced by Pst specifically in the resistant variety. Knock down of TaRLP1.1 in the stripe rust resistance plants resulted in increased susceptibility to Pst, and phenolic autofluorogen accumulation at the pathogen–host interaction sites, usually correlated with the hypersensitive response, was decreased dramatically. However, when the TaRLP1.1 was transformed into the susceptible wheat variety Yangmai158, the transgenic plants showed highly increased resistance to Pst, and the hypersensitive response was enhanced at the infection sites. Meanwhile, the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes decreased in the TaRLP1.1 silenced plants and increased in the TaRLP1.1 over-expressed plants. Thus, it was proposed that TaRLP1.1 greatly contributed to the hypersensitive response during the pathogen–host interaction. Along with the functional analysis, an evolutionary study of the TaRLP1 family was performed. Characterization of TaRLP1.1 may facilitate breeding for stripe rust resistance and better understanding of the evolution of the RLP genes in wheat.

关键词： disease resistance hypersensitive response receptor-like protein stripe rust transgenic virus-induced gene silencing

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基于EST-PCR的簇毛麦染色体特异分子标记筛选及应用

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作物学报 2009年第1期35卷 1-10页

作者：曹亚萍曹爱忠王秀娥陈佩度南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室江苏南京210095 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所山西临汾041000

为定位、转移和利用簇毛麦有益基因,通过花粉辐射,获得一批包括小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体的异染色体系。为了鉴定这批材料中的簇毛麦染色体身份,根据水稻、小麦的EST序列合成了240对STS引物,其中34对引物在普通小麦中国春与簇毛麦间存在多... 详细信息

为定位、转移和利用簇毛麦有益基因,通过花粉辐射,获得一批包括小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体的异染色体系。为了鉴定这批材料中的簇毛麦染色体身份,根据水稻、小麦的EST序列合成了240对STS引物,其中34对引物在普通小麦中国春与簇毛麦间存在多态性;进一步对亲本及簇毛麦二体异附加系进行PCR扩增分析,标记CINAU32-300可追踪簇毛麦1V染色体,标记CINAU33-280、CINAU34-510、CINAU35-1100、CINAU36-380和CINAU37-400可追踪簇毛麦2V染色体,标记CINAU38-250可追踪簇毛麦3V染色体,标记CINAU39-950和CINAU40-800可追踪簇毛麦4V染色体,标记CINAU41-745和CINAU42-1050可追踪簇毛麦5V染色体,标记CINAU44-765和CINAU45-495可追踪簇毛麦7V染色体。加上本室已开发的2个6V染色体特异标记,用这些簇毛麦特异分子标记鉴定辐射诱导材料的部分回交后代,选育出小麦背景中只包含单条簇毛麦染色体的整套1V至7V染色体系,同时有18条易位染色体的簇毛麦身份得到确定,表明这些标记可以用来快速检测普通小麦背景中的簇毛麦染色体或染色体片段。

关键词：小麦簇毛麦 EST-STS标记小麦-簇毛麦异染色体系小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体

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利用离果山羊草3C染色体诱导簇毛麦2V染色体结构变异

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中国农业科学 2008年第2期41卷 362-369页

作者：陈全战曹爱忠亓增军张伟陈佩度南京农业大学/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室南京农业大学/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室南京210095

【目的】簇毛麦是普通小麦的一个近缘物种,它具有许多抗病基因,在小麦育种中起重要作用。抗白粉病基因Pm21已被南京农业大学细胞遗传所成功地转移到小麦背景中,并被广泛地用于小麦育种实践。为了进一步转移和利用定位于簇毛麦2V染色体... 详细信息

【目的】簇毛麦是普通小麦的一个近缘物种,它具有许多抗病基因,在小麦育种中起重要作用。抗白粉病基因Pm21已被南京农业大学细胞遗传所成功地转移到小麦背景中,并被广泛地用于小麦育种实践。为了进一步转移和利用定位于簇毛麦2V染色体上的有用基因,如抗眼斑病基因、抗条锈基因和护颖颖脊刚毛基因,为小麦育种创造新种质。【方法】通过普通小麦农林26-离果山羊草3C二体异附加系与小麦-簇毛麦2V(2D)二体代换系杂交,综合运用染色体C-分带、基因组原位杂交、染色体构型分析和分子标记分析。【结果】从杂种F2和F3中鉴定出涉及簇毛麦2V结构变异的异染色体系7份,包括纯合缺失系1份(Del2VS·2VL-),易位系4份,其中纯合易位2份(初步推断为T3DS·2VL,T2VS·7DL)、小片段易位1份(T6BS·6BL-2VS)和中间插入易位1份(T2VS·2VL-W-2VL),等臂染色体1份(2VS·2VS)和单端体1份(Mt2VS)。利用可分别追踪2VS和2VL的分子标记Xwmc25-120和NAU/STSBCD135-1进行PCR分析,进一步证明这7份异染色体系中涉及簇毛麦2V染色体片段。【结论】涉及2V短臂的单端体Mt2VS,等臂染色体2VS·2VS和易位系T2VS·7DL在护颖颖脊上有簇状分布的刚毛,而涉及2V长臂的易位系T3DS·2VL无刚毛,进一步证实簇毛麦护颖颖脊刚毛基因位于2VS。离果山羊草3C染色体可有效诱发簇毛麦2V染色体结构变异。

关键词：小麦簇毛麦杀配子染色体3C 染色体结构变异 C-分带基因组原位杂交分子标记

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普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草染色体异附加系的分子标记鉴定

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遗传 2008年第10期30卷 1356-1362页

作者：孔令娜李巧王海燕曹爱忠陈佩度王秀娥南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室细胞遗传研究所南京210095

随机选取定位于小麦和大麦7个部分同源群上的135对EST、27对STS和253对SSR引物对24个可能的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草二体异附加系的基因组DNA进行扩增。结果表明,55对引物在亲本普通小麦中国春、Inayama Komugi、纤毛鹅观草和Inayama Komugi... 详细信息

随机选取定位于小麦和大麦7个部分同源群上的135对EST、27对STS和253对SSR引物对24个可能的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草二体异附加系的基因组DNA进行扩增。结果表明,55对引物在亲本普通小麦中国春、Inayama Komugi、纤毛鹅观草和Inayama Komugi-纤毛鹅观草双二倍体间有多态性扩增,其中31对引物可以在异附加系中扩增到纤毛鹅观草特异条带。根据PCR扩增结果,异附加系07K02、07K06、07K39、07K201、07K202、07K255和07K256所添加的纤毛鹅观草染色体归属小麦第1部分同源群;07K07、07K08、07K09、07K11、07K14和07K17所添加的纤毛鹅观草染色体归属小麦第2部分同源群;07K15、07K16、07K21和07K47所添加的纤毛鹅观草染色体归属小麦第6部分同源群。

关键词：小麦纤毛鹅观草异附加系部分同源群 EST STS

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The induction and characterization of chromosome translocations with small segments of Haynaldia villosa using the CS ph1b mutant

The induction and characterization of chromosome translocati...

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江苏省遗传学会2013年学术研讨会

作者： Zhao Ren-Hui Wang Hai-Yan Xiao Jin Bie Tong-De Cheng Shun-He Qi Jia Zhang Xiao-Xiang Yuan Chun-Xia Zhang Rui-Qi cao ai-zhong Chen Pei-Du Wang Xiu-E State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Cytogenetics Institute Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low & Middle Yangtze River Valley Winter Wheat Region (Ministry of agriculture) Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The wheat spindle streak mosaic virus（WSSMV） or wheat yellow mosaic virus（WYMV） resistance gene, Wss1, from Haynaldia villosa, was previously mapped to the chromosome arm 4 VS by the development of 4 V（4 D） substitution and T4 DL·4 VS translocation lines. For better utilization and more accurate mapping of the Wss1, in this research, the CS ph1 b mutant was used to induce new translocations with shortened 4 VS chromosome fragments. Thirty-five homozygous translocations with different alien fragment sizes and breakpoints of 4 VS were identified by GISH and molecular marker analysis. By field test, it was found that all the identified terminal translocations characterized as having smaller 4 VS chromosome segments in the chromosome 4 DS were highly resistant to WYMV, while all the interstitial translocations with 4 VS inserted into the 4 DS were WYMV susceptible. Marker analysis using 32 4 VS-specific markers showed that both the terminal and interstitial translocations had different alien fragment sizes. Five specific markers could be detected in the WYMV-resistant terminal translocation line NAU421 with the shortest introduced 4 VS fragment, indicating they can be used for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. Based on the resistance evaluation, GISH and molecular marker analysis of the available translocations, the gene（s） conferring the WYMV resistance on 4 VS could be further cytologically mapped to the distal region of 4 VS, immersed in the bin of FL 0.78–1.00. The newly developed small fragment translocations with WYMV resistance and 4 VS specific markers have laid solid groundwork for the utilization in wheat breeding for WYMV resistance as well as further cloning of Wss1.

关键词： Wheat Haynaldia villosa Wheat yellow mosaic bymovirus Recombinants

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Recent progress on photoactive nonprecious transition-metal complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 46-95页

作者： zhong-Liang Gong Hong-Jie Zhang Yan Cheng Jianxun Liu Yuhan ai Yaqin Li Zhihui Feng Qiong Zhang Shaolong Gong Yong Chen Chang-Jiang Yao Yuan-Yuan Zhu Liang-Jin Xu Yu-Wu zhong CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Structural Cemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction EngineeringHefei University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials Wuhan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Photoactive complexes of nonprecious transition metals, mainly including those in the first-row and partially the second-row of the Periodic table of elements, have received increasing attention in view of their low cost and long-term sustainability. They are recognized as promising alternatives to noble transition metal complex congeners that have been extensively studied in optoelectronic devices, artificial photosynthesis, photocatalysis, biodiagnostics, and therapeutics, etc. This review is devoted to a comprehensive summary on the classical and recent advances on photoactive nonprecious transition metal complexes, including photoactive Zr, V, Cr, Mo, and W complexes, Mn complexes and hybrids, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu complexes, and Zn and Cd complexes and hybrids. A particular focus is given on the molecular design, modulation of photophysical and photochemical properties, and applications of the representative and lately-developed nonprecious metal complexes. In addition, a perspective on the future development in this field is provided at the end of this review.

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基于EST的普通小麦近缘物种第二部分同源群染色体特异分子标记

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南京农业大学学报 2011年第2期34卷 8-12页

作者：覃碧王海燕纪剑辉曹爱忠黄倬王秀娥南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室江苏南京210095

小麦近缘属物种中具有许多优良性状,为小麦遗传改良提供非常重要的基因资源。根据定位在普通小麦2B染色体长臂上的EST(expressed sequence tag,EST)序列开发了55个标记,在普通小麦品种中国春、二倍体山羊草(Aegilops longissi-ma,genome... 详细信息

小麦近缘属物种中具有许多优良性状,为小麦遗传改良提供非常重要的基因资源。根据定位在普通小麦2B染色体长臂上的EST(expressed sequence tag,EST)序列开发了55个标记,在普通小麦品种中国春、二倍体山羊草(Aegilops longissi-ma,genome SlSl;Aegilops geniculata,genome MgMg)、四倍体山羊草(Aegilops peregrina,genome SpSpUpUp)、黑麦(Secale cereale‘BLANCO’,genome RR)、大麦(Hordeum vulgare‘BETZES’,genome HH)及这些物种在中国春背景下的二体异附加系中进行PCR扩增。结果表明:19个标记(占34.5%)至少能够在1个近缘种中有特异性扩增,筛选出2R、2H、2Sl、2Mg、2Sp和2Up染色体的特异标记分别为11、8、5、2、8和3个。这些基于EST序列开发的特异分子标记可以有效地检测和追踪导入小麦背景中的外源第二部分同源群染色体(片段)。

关键词：小麦近缘种第二部分同源群 EST 分子标记异附加系

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