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Micro-and submicrostructural evidence for high-temperature brittle-ductile transition deformation of hornblende: Case study of high-grade mylonites from Diancangshan, western Yunnan

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第10期50卷 1459-1470页

作者： cao shuyun, liu junlai? & hu ling state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources (GPMR), china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china university of Geo- sciences, beijing 100083, china 1. state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources (GPMR) China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China 2. key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

OM (optical microscope)/TEM (transmission electron microscope) micro- and submicrostructural analysis of hornblende rocks sheared at high temperatures from the Diancangshan area, western Yunnan reveals evidence for deformation in the brittle-ductile transition of hornblende at middle crustal level (about 637℃ and 0.653 GPa) and mechanisms of deformation in the transitional regime are further discussed. Sheared hornblende rocks at middle crustal level have typical mylonitic microstructures, shown by coarse porphyroclasts and fine matrix grains. Different mineral phases in the rocks show distinct deformation characteristics. Hornblende and feldspar grains are intensely deformed with ob- vious grainsize reduction, but quartz grains are recrystallized dominantly by grain growth. Hornblende grains show typical brittle-ductile transition nature. Initial crystallographic orientations of porphyro- clasts have strong effects on the behavior of grains during deformation. There are mainly two types of porphyroclasts, type I "hard" porphyroclasts and type II "soft" porphyroclasts, with [001] perpendicular and parallel to external shear stresses respectively. "Hard" porphyroclasts generally occur as compe- tent grains that are rarely deformed or sometimes deformed by fracturing and dislocation tangling. "Soft" porphyroclasts are highly deformed primarily by dislocation tangling (as shown in the cores of the porphyroclasts), but twinning, dislocation glide and climb probably due to hydrolytic weakening also contribute to dynamic recrystallization of the porphyroclasts into fine grains in the matrix. The micro- and submicrostructures of the two types of porphyroclasts and fine-grained matrix provide powerful evidence for the behavior of brittle-ductile transition of hornblende grains. It is concluded that twinning nucleation is one of the most important processes that operate during dynamic recrystalliza- tion of hornblende crystals at the brittle-ductile transition. (100) [001] t

关键词： hornblende, brittle-ductile transition, micro-and submicrostructures, twinning nucleation recrystallization, Diancangshan

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Late Mesozoic metamorphic core complexes: new constraints on lithosphere thinning in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第6期16卷 633-638页

作者： liu junlai, GUAN huimei, JI Mo and hu ling (state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china university of geosciences, and key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china) [a] state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics Beijing China [b] Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education China university of Geosciences Beijing China

Metamorphic core complexes (mcc’s) are among the most prominent structural styles of lithosphere extension and thinning during late Mesozoic in North china. In this paper, the geometrical, kinematic and age characteristics of some of the mcc’s, e.g. Liaonan, Waziyu (Yiwulushan), Yunmengshan, etc., are discussed. Some common characteristics, such as kinematic polarity, geometric asymmetry, occurrence over a time span, scattered and isolated distribution, and progressive development, can provide direct constraints on the regional lithosphere extension and thinning in North china, which does not favor the prevailing plume model, a general de-lamination model or extensional collapse of overthickened orogenic crust. We argue that several aspects, such as the kinematic polarity at depths during lithosphere extension, gradual break-up of lithosphere plate, relationship between magmatism and regional extension, and coeval activity of mcc’s and Tan Lu fault, should be taken into consideration when constructing a more reasonable model for lithosphere extension and thinning in North china.

关键词： North china late Mesozoic metamorphic core complex lithosphere extension and thinning.

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Return to the Moon:New perspectives on lunar exploration

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2136-2148页

作者： Yangting Lin Wei Yang hui Zhang Hejiu hui Sen hu Long Xiao Jianzhong liu Zhiyong Xiao Zongyu Yue Jinhai Zhang Yang liu Jing Yang Honglei Lin Aicheng Zhang Dijun Guo Sheng Gou Lin Xu Yuyang He Xianguo Zhang Liping Qin Zongcheng ling Xiongyao Li Aimin Du huaiyu He Peng Zhang Jinbin cao Xianhua Li key laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China state key laboratory for mineral Deposits Research and School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002China Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research laboratory School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Deep Space Exploration laboratory/CAS key laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shandong key laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Lunar exploration is deemed crucial for uncovering the origins of the Earth-Moon system and is the first step for advancing humanity’s exploration of deep *** the past decade,the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),also known as the Chang’e(CE)Project,has achieved remarkable *** has successfully developed and demonstrated the engineering capability required to reach and return from the lunar ***,the CE Project has made historic firsts with the landing and on-site exploration of the far side of the Moon,along with the collection of the youngest volcanic samples from the Procellarum KREEP *** achievements have significantly enhanced our understanding of lunar *** on this success,china has proposed an ambitious crewed lunar exploration strategy,aiming to return to the Moon for scientific exploration and *** plan encompasses two primary phases:the first crewed lunar landing and exploration,followed by a thousand-kilometer scale scientific expedition to construct a geological cross-section across the lunar *** the limitations of current lunar exploration efforts and china’s engineering and technical capabilities,this paper explores the benefits of crewed lunar exploration while leveraging synergies with robotic *** study refines fundamental lunar scientific questions that could lead to significant breakthroughs,considering the respective engineering and technological *** research lays a crucial foundation for defining the objectives of future lunar exploration,emphasizing the importance of crewed missions and offering insights into potential advancements in lunar science.

关键词： Crewed lunar exploration Water and volatiles Composition and structure of lunar interior Volcanic activity and evolution of lunar mantle Space weathering and radiation environments Exploration technology

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The Liaonan Metamorphic Core Complex: Constitution, Structure and Evolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第4期80卷 502-513页

作者： liu junlai GUAN huimei JI Mo cao shuyun hu ling state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources and Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of the Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083

The Liaonan metamorphic core complex （mcc） has a three-layer structure and is constituted by five parts, i.e. a detachment fault zone, an allochthonous upper plate and an supradetachment basin above the fault zone, and highly metamorphosed rocks and intrusive rocks in the lower plate. The allochthonous upper plate is mainly of Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic rocks weakly deformed and metamorphosed in pre-Indosinan stage. Above these rocks is a small-scale supradetachment basin of Cretaceous sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The lower plate is dominated by Archean TTG gneisses with minor amount of supracrustal rocks. The Archean rocks are intruded by late Mesozoic synkinematic monzogranitic and granitic plutons. Different types of fault rocks, providing clues to the evolution of the detachment fault zone, are well-preserved in the fault zone, e.g. mylonitic gneiss, mylonites, brecciated mylonites, microbreccias and pseudotachylites. Lineations in lower plate granitic intrusions have consistent orientation that indicate uniform top-to-NW shearing along the main detachment fault zone. This also provides evidence for the synkinematic characteristics of the granitic plutons in the lower plate. Structural analysis of the different parts in the mcc and isotopic dating of plutonic rocks from the lower plate and mylonitic rocks from detachment fault zone suggest that exhumation of the mcc started with regional crustal extension due to crustal block rotation and tangential shearing. The extension triggered magma formation, upwelling and emplacement. This event ended with appearance of pseudotachylite and fault gauges formed at the uppermost crustal level. U-Pb dating of single zircon grains from granitic rocks in the lower plate gives an age of 130±2.5 Ma, and biotite grains from the main detachment fault zone have ^40Ar-^39Ar ages of 108-119 Ma. Several aspects may provide constraints for the exhumation of the Liaonan mcc. These include regional extensional setting, cover/basemen

关键词： Liaonan metamorphic core complex crustal and lithosphere thinning crustal extension late Mesozoic

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The Dayingzi detachment fault system in Liaodong Peninsula and its regional tectonic significance

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第10期54卷 1469-1483页

作者： SHEN Liang liu junlai hu ling JI Mo GUAN huiMei Gregory A DAVIS state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083 China china National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Beijing 100027 China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles CA90089-0740 USA

Large scale lithosphere thinning is an important characteristic of the destruction of the North china Craton （NCC） during the late Mesozoic. A series of extensional structures were developed under extensional setting, among which is the Dayingzi detachment fault system （DFS）. The DFS is constituted by three parts, volcano-sedimentary basins at the hanging wall, the Dayingzi-huanghuadian detachment fault zone, and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rock series and Mesozoic plutons at the footwall. In the section across the detachment fault zone, there is a sequence of tectonites including fault gouge, microbreccia, cataclastic-mylonites, mylonites, and gneissic biotite monzonite granite. Microstructural characteristics of tectonites and electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） patterns of quartz indicate that the rocks from the footwall experienced a process from upper greenschist facies to lower greenschist facies. SHRIMP and LA-ICP MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the volcanic rocks in the basins, the tectonic evolution of the DFS is summarized as follows： 1） regional extension started at 135.0±1.2 Ma ago, when the detachment fault cut through the middle crust. Faulting induced the upwelling of magma and eruption of volcanic rocks and deformed a series of medium-acid volcanic rocks; 2） after 135.0±1.2 Ma, a large scale detachment faulting was active cross-cutting the mid-upper crust. The western margin of Jurassic and Triassic granite was ductilly and brittly sheared; besides, the Cretaceous volcanoedimentary rocks were tilted when the master fault approached the surface; 3） at around 127±1 Ma, the detachment fault stopped its activity and was intruded by the unsheared Cretaceous granite near Chaoyang. Comparison with the Liaonan metamorphic core complex （MCC） and other extensional structures in Liaodong Peninsula led to a general trend of including three zones in the Peninsula： MCC zone, detachment fault systems （DFS） zone, and half graben zone. MCC commonly cuts through t

关键词： Liaodong Peninsula detachment fault system Cretaceous extension lithosphere thinning North china Craton

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Microstructures and deformation mechanisms of hornblende in Guandi complex,the Western Hills,beijing

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Science china Earth Sciences 2013年第3期56卷 1510-1518页

作者： ZHANG XiaoLi hu ling JI Mo liu junlai SONG HongLin key laboratory of Petroleum resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences School of Resource and Earth Science China University of Mining and Technology china National Off-shore Oil Corporation Research Institute

Multiple methods were applied to study the deformation characteristics of hornblende in Archean plagioamphibolite mylonite from the Western Hills(beijing),including optical microscopy(OM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).The hornblendes are σ and δ type porphyroclasts with the new-born needle shaped grains as their *** analysis of lattice preferred orientation(LPO) of both the porphyroclasts and the new-born grains shows that the main slip system of the deformed hornblende is(100),suggesting that the fabric characteristics of new-born grains inherit that of ***-microstructures show the porphyroclast core is dominated by dislocation tangle,little or no dislocations in the new-born grains,and the subgrains confined by dislocations in the transition zone between porphyroclasts and new-born *** using plagioclase-hornblende geothermometry and hornblende geobarometry,the estimated temperature and pressure of porphyroclasts are 675.3-702.9℃ and 0.29-0.41 GPa and those of new-born grains are 614.1-679.0℃ and 0.11-0.31 *** bulging recrystallization is summarized as deformation mechanisms of hornblende by the discussions of the microstructures,EBSD fabric,sub-microstructures,and the deformed temperature and pressure.

关键词： Microstructures and deformation mechanisms of hornblende in Guandi complex the Western Hills beijing

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Microstructures and deformation mechanisms of hornblende in Guandi complex,the Western Hills,beijing

Microstructures and deformation mechanisms of hornblende in ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2013年度（第13届）学术年会

Multiple methods were applied to study the deformation characteristics of hornblende in Archean plagioamphibohte mylonite from the Western Hills(beijing),including optical microscopy(OM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).The hornblendes are‘σandδtype porphyroclasts with the new-bom needle shaped grains as their *** analysis of lattice preferred orientation(LPO) of both the porphyroclasts and the new-born grains shows that the main slip system of the deformed hornblende is(100),suggesting that the fabric characteristics of new-born grains inherit that of ***-microstructures show the porphyroclast core is dominated by dislocation tangle,little or no dislocations in the new-born grains,and the subgrains confined by dislocations in the transition zone between porphyroclasts and new-born *** using plagioclase-hornblende geothermometry and hornblende ge- obarometry,the estimated temperature and pressure of porphyroclasts are 675.3-702.9°C and 0.29-0.41 GPa and those of new-born grains are 614.1-679.0°C and 0.11-0.31 *** bulging recrystallization is summarized as deformation mechanisms of hornblende by the discussions of the microstructures,EBSD fabric,sub-microstructures,and the deformed temperature and pressure.

关键词： the Western Hills(beijing) Guandi complex hornblende bulging recrystallization

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